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Chapter 1.3 – Studying Life
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What does biology mean?
Bio – life
-‐ology – the study of
The study of living and once living things
Biologist – one who studies living things
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
" Most living things
share several
characterisBcs.
" These characterisBcs
include the following
eight features:
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
Living things…
1. Reproduce
• All organisms produce new
organisms
• Occurs in different ways
(animals vs. plants)
• Sexual ReproducBon
two cells from different
parents
• Asexual ReproducBon
single parent – cell divides in
half or porBon of organism
splits off to form new
offspring
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
Living things…
2. Grow and Develop
Growth-‐
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Uses materials and energy from the environment
to increase in size
All organisms grow
during at least part of
their life cycle
Living things have a
definite size and shape
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
• Development – all
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the changes that
occur as a living thing
grows
(ex. Frogs)
Development is each
organism’s disBnct
life cycle
Living things also have
a life span= “birth”,
rapid growth,
maturity, decline and
death
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
Living things…
3. Need Materials and
Energy (food)
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Some animals hunt
others eat plants
others eat both
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
Use energy
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Energy – the ability to do work
How do living things get energy from food?
Cellular respira9on – the process by which food is
broken down and energy is released
– Oxygen is used;
Water, CO2, and
energy are released
– Metabolism –
is the combinaBon of chemical
reacBons through which
an organism builds up or
breaks down materials
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CharacterisBcs of Living Things
" Other special needs include:
Water
Gas exchange
Constant temperature
Stable air pressure
Living space
Leaves
CharacterisBcs of Living Things
Living things…
4. Made of cells
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Cells – are the basic
unit of life
Are highly organized
and precisely put
together
Study of Life.pdf (PDF, 2.78 MB)
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