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Chapter 1 Presentation

Chapter 1 Presentation.pptx.pdf . by Jason Nicholas

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KEY  KNOWLEDGE       Use  of  subjec�ve  and   objec�ve  tools  (including   recall  surveys  or  diaries,   pedometry,  accelerometry  and   observa�on)  to  assess  physical   ac�vity  and  sedentary   behaviours  as  described  in  the     Na�onal  Physical  Ac�vity   Guidelines   KEY  SKILLS   Evalua�ng  adherence  to  the   Na�onal  Physical  Ac�vity   Guidelines  and  evalua�on  of   objec�ve  and  subjec�ve   methods  used  for  assessing   sedentary  behaviours.   Par�cipate  in  primary  data   collec�on  and  structure  a   report  in  rela�on  to  physical   ac�vity  and  sedentary   behaviours   Modern  Life…  A  life  of  Convenience.   Physical  Ac�vity     Physical  ac�vity  can  be  defined  as  ‘any  body   movement  produced  by  the  skeletal  muscles   that  results  in  expenditure  of  energy’.   Why  Physical  Ac�vity?   Benefits  of  Physical  Ac�vity   Main  purposes  of  measuring  physical  ac�vity     Summary  of  Na�onal  Physical  Ac�vity  Guidelines     Na�onal  Physical  Ac�vity  Guidelines     Produced  by  the  Australian  Department   of  Health  and  Ageing.       Outline  the  minimum  levels  of  physical   ac�vity  required  for  op�mum  health  and   body  weight.       They  are  not  designed  for  high-­‐level   fitness  or  sports  training,  but  are   intended  to  provide  realis�c  strategies   for  incorpora�ng  physical  ac�vity  into   our  daily  lives.   Selec�ng  appropriate  measurement  instruments      When  a  large  number  of  people  are  samples  a  low  cost  subjec�ve   measure  is  generally  used    When  sampling  individuals  or  small  numbers  of  people  objec�ve   measures  are  more  likely  to  be  used       The  only  way  to  determine  in  a  physical  ac�vity  program   increases  a  person’s  physical  ac�vity  behaviour  is:      Measure  their  physical  ac�vity  prior  to  the  introduc�on  of  a   program  (pre-­‐interven�on  tes�ng)    Repeat  the  assessment  during  or  at  the  conclusion    the  program   using  iden�cal  measures  (post  interven�on)    Repeat  the  assessment  3-­‐12  months  a�er  post  interven�on   assessment  (follow  up)   Physical  Ac�vity  monitoring  &  surveillance  concept  model   Physical  ac�vity  is  o�en  linked  to  other  variables  such  as  biological,  psychological  and   socio-­‐cultural  factors.  The  mutual  rela�onship  between  two  or  more  of  these  factors   and  physical  ac�vity  is  known  as  a  correlate   Domains  of  Physical  Ac�vity   Domains   Examples   1.Leisure  �me  P.A   Various  ac�vi�es,  different  surveys  may   ask  ques�ons  about  ac�vity  freq,  intensity   and  dura�on   2.  Gardening  &  Yard  Work   Various  defini�ons  /  intensi�es.  Range   from  light  intensity  gardening  to  vigorous   digging/moving  heavy  objects     3.  Household  Chores   Range  or  tasks.    Significant  gender   differences   4.  Ac�ve  Transport   Walking  or  cycling  for  transport   5.  Occupa�onal  P.A   Diverse  occupa�ons.  Occupa�ons   requiring  less  energy  in  recent  decades.   Measuring  Dimensions  of  Physical  Ac�vity     Dimensions  of  Physical  Ac�vity     Type  –  Iden�fies  the  ‘type’  of   physical  ac�vity  being  undertaken   e.g.  gardening,  walking,  football,  etc.     Frequency  –  How  o�en  the   individual  par�cipates  in  the  ac�vity   for.     Intensity  –  How  hard  the  individual  is   working.    Usually  described  as  a  %  of   max  HR,  %  VO2  max,  or  a  descriptor.     Dura�on  –  How  long  the  individual   par�cipates  for.     Metabolic  Equivalent  –  Describes  the  energy  cost  of  an  ac�vity.  A   MET  ra�ng  of  1.0  occurs  at  rest  =  reference  point   A  MET  value  of  6.0  indicates  an  intensity  6  �mes  that  of  rest   Subjec�ve  vs  Objec�ve     Subjec�ve  methods   –  Assess  mul�ple  domains   –  Can  be  used  for  large  groups   –  Have  low  reliability  and  validity   –  Not  suitable  for  par�cular  groups  e.g.  elderly,   children     Objec�ve  methods   –  Use  tools  or  devices,  or   –  Direct  Observa�on   –  Can  be  expensive  &  require  expert  knowledge   SOPLAY     System  for  Observing  Play  and  Leisure  Ac�vity  in   Youth.   SOFIT   System  for  Observing   Fitness  Instruc�on  Time     -­‐  comprehensive  tool   for  assessing  physical   educa�on  classes  by   providing  for  the   collec�on  of  data  on   student  ac�vity  levels,   the  lesson  context,  and   teacher  behavior.     Sedentary  Behaviours  :    are  associated  with  low  levels  of  energy  expenditure  (1-­‐2  METS)  and   linked  to  various  nega�ve  health  consequences    involve  si�ng    staying  in  the  same  place  for  long  periods  of  �me   (watching  TV,  commu�ng  by  car,  reading,  using  a  computer,    etc....)    can  be  seen  in  people  who  are  highly  ac�ve  -­‐    but  not  at  the  same  �me    only  apply  to  people  up  to  18  years  of  age  in  the  Na�onal  Physical   Ac�vity  Guidelines  (as  of  2010)  but  likely  to  include  adults  in  the  future     The  Challenge.  

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Chapter 1 Presentation.pptx.pdf
Title
Chapter 1 Presentation
Author
Jason Nicholas
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