1927 lab 05 06 (PDF)




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Hyun Woo Lee (z5061885), Benjamin Xia (z3462450)

COMP1927 LAB 05/06
Test theory
Each sorting algorithm will have characteristics which can be used to identify it. These include
number of accesses, comparisons, insertions, moves, best case time, worst case time etc.
relative to the size of the array to be sorted. However, since we have only been provided with
the program binaries we cannot observe the actual data manipulations taking place, only the
state of the data array before and after sorting. With this in mind, we have selected 4
characteristics which can be tested, these are:





Time to sort a random array
Time to sort an already sorted array
Time to sort a reverse sorted array
Stability

We have identified these 4 characteristics for each of the possible sorting algorithms in this lab,
tabulated below:

Sort

Ave time

Oblivious Bubble
Bubble w/ Early exit
Vanilla insertion
Insertion with bin. Search
Vanilla selection
Quadratic selection
Merge sort
Vanilla Quick
Quick sort median of three
Randomized quick
shell sort powers of two
Shell sort Sedgewick
Bogo

n^2
n^2
n^2
n^2
n^2
n^1.5
nlogn
nlogn
nlogn
nlogn
n^2
nlogn
(n+1)!

Already
sorted
n
n
n
nlogn
n^2
n^1.5
nlogn
n^2
nlogn
nlogn
n
n
(n+1)!

Reverse sorted

Stable

n^2
n^2
n^2
nlogn
n^2
n^1.5
nlogn
n^2
nlogn
nlogn
n^2
nlogn
(n+1)!

no
yes
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
no
no
no
no
no
no

Hyun Woo Lee (z5061885), Benjamin Xia (z3462450)

Note that some of the possible sorts contain identical characteristics. Differentiating between
these sorts will require more specialized tests. For efficiency, the initial stage of testing will
focus on only the 4 characteristics above. The timed tests will be conducted by first generating
a file f items to be sorted, then feeding the data into the sort program. The running time of the
program is found using the time operation’s ‘user’ time. Each test will be conducted 5 times
and the average time recorded. The stability of the sort will be assessed by generating a set of
data containing duplicate keys, the manually assessing the order of the output data.
At this stage, if a unique sort has not been identified, further tests will be used.
Testing Results:
Sort A
The first sort provided was run through the 4 tests and data collected. The timed sort test
results are shown below:
Input size
N
N^2
10000 100000000
20000 400000000
50000 2.5E+09
70000 4.9E+09
100000 1E+10

Time to sort (seconds)
Random Sorted Rev. sort
0.12
0.13
0.12
0.48
0.48
0.45
3
3
2.9
5.7
5.7
5.5
11.7
11.6
11.2

The sort was found to be unstable, as duplicate keys in the input array appeared in the output
in a different order. The 3 sets of sort times are plotted against input size N, shown below:
14

Time (seconds)

12
10
8

Random

6

Sorted

4

Rev. sort

2
0
0

50000

100000
N

150000

Hyun Woo Lee (z5061885), Benjamin Xia (z3462450)

From the above chart, the curves appear to be quadratic. To confirm this, the times were again
plotted, but this time against N2:
14

Time (seconds)

12
10
8
Random
6

Sorted

4

Rev. sort

2
0
0

5E+09

1E+10

1.5E+10

N2

Since the trends are straight liens, they are indeed quadratic, implying a time complexity of
O(n2) for random, already sorted and reverse sorted arrays. Combined with the unstable nature
of the sort, this set of characteristics points to a VANILLA SELECTION SORT.
Sort B
The second sort was put through the same tests, with the data displayed below:
Input size
N
Nlog( N )
10000 92103.4037
50000 540988.914
100000 1151292.55
500000 6561181.69
750000 10145871.4
1000000 13815510.6

Time to sort (seconds)
Random
Sorted
Rev. sort
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.08
0.04
0.03
1.07
0.12
0.17
1.9
0.15
0.29
2.7
0.2
0.4

The sort was found to be unstable using the method described previously. Compared to the
sort A results, sort B was much faster, indicating that it was probably a O( nlogn ) sort. The 3
sets of sort times are plotted against input size Nlog(N), shown below:

Hyun Woo Lee (z5061885), Benjamin Xia (z3462450)

3
2.5

Time (seconds)

2
1.5

Random
Sorted

1

Rev. sort
0.5
0
0
-0.5

5000000

10000000

15000000

N log(N)

From the linear trends, it can be assumed that the time complexity of sortB is nlogn for random,
sorted and reverse sorted data. Based on this, as well as the fact that it is unstable, it can be
concluded that sort B is a quick sort (either Median of Three or randomized). Median of three
tends to be slightly faster than randomized pivot selection, however without another sort to
compare against, it is impossible to differentiate the two by speed alone, as it will depend on
the hardware the code is run on as well as the data provided. Writing our own median-of3/randomized quicksort would also not be a reliable way to test, as we would not know how
efficiently the provided sort performs swaps, compares, random number generation, etc
compared to our own.






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