Untitleddocument .pdf
File information
Original filename: Untitleddocument.pdf
This PDF 1.5 document has been generated by / Skia/PDF m59, and has been sent on pdf-archive.com on 02/05/2017 at 10:55, from IP address 73.216.x.x.
The current document download page has been viewed 650 times.
File size: 88 KB (10 pages).
Privacy: public file
Share on social networks
Link to this file download page
Document preview
Kathryne Murphy
Dr. Margaret Sullivan
ENG 242
5/2/17
Critical Introduction
This researched web anthology will include visual and textual examples of the
concept of gender within women’s writing and modern literature, television, and
comics. The need to explore the societal contradictions that other authors and writers
reveal is definitely a personal importance but is also relevant to the subject gender
itself. Although the concept of gender is extremely broad, it is necessary to express
concern with societal expectations and breaking the unspoken barriers. To help
formulate this analysis on gender, it will be divided into things like gender roles,
issues, equality, identity, and stereotypes. Critical theory suggests that these concept
are far too crucial for society to ignore. Not only does every person perceive gender in
stunningly different ways, but many of those perspectives have created controversial
topics and have created discussion among scholars. Not only is textual evidence of
theses concept important, but also visual content like visual novels or comics can also
show phenomenal examples of the list above. How female characters are depicted in
comic books and visual texts as well as exploring gender within these different types
of texts to also read and visually see these things come alive through art. Many people
have dedicated their lives to this dire field of work, so that goes without saying that
these types of approaches affect everyone very differently. These ideas are expanding
rapidly and there are new theories, thoughts, and views every day. Every female lives a
different life, but it is what similar things we go through that drive us to stick as one
and stand together. There are many male authors who understand the struggle of
living an everyday average life as a woman, who also offer interesting ideas to the
table about an already interesting wide social subject. This is all immensely important
to help mold a future generation to teach.
History, Theory, and Meaning
In The Critical Theory of Gender, Elia Ntaousani specifically focuses on gender
as a social construct, and suggests that the word “gender” was initially meant to be
used as a neutral term, rather than just “male or female”. A term that would eventually
create tons of conversation. Ntaousani compares “gender” to “race” in terms of
creating a word that can be considered unbiased. However, she also argues that
“gender” has often times replaced the word “women” in different forms of literature.
To clarify, she considers this a type of objectivity to women, becoming almost a
substitute for the word itself, and shows how the misuse of ‘gender’ has the very
opposite result of its intention. She explains further by saying that gender is no longer
used for its political definition; it has been reinstated by others who are given deluded
misinformation of the true usage of the word. She uses the word “class” to show how a
term could have “analytical association”. She uses binaries to help interpret this
concept, including very obvious things such as “feminine/masculine”, “nature/culture”,
and “animal human”. “In other words, gender ’ did not manage to offer the possibility
of a new world where the social relations between the sexes would be redesignated;
its ‘ usage insists that the world of women is part of the world of men, created in and
by it.” This is part of the history as gender as a social construction.
There is very interesting sub-concept with gender that involves women in
animated/live action movies, tv shows, video games, and comics. “Trinity Syndrome”
refers to female characters who are very interesting and complicated, but most
importantly have a lot of potential. However, the story surpasses this excellent
character and the story virtually gives them nothing to do. This absolutely has to do
with gender because typically there is a male protagonist; then an alluring female
character is introduced with nothing but her personality (not really a “backstory”). A
personality is an extremely important role in characters because that makes them who
they are; it gives them something to identify with. However, when a character is
loosely shown based on how they act, is this fair? Fictional and nonfictional characters
must “deal” with this. A problematic example of this would be when females are
categorized as loud, strong, or outspoken they are usually considered mean and rude.
If this were a male character being described as such, he would be considered to be
strong while having leadership characteristics. In an article titled We’re Losing All our
Strong Female Characters to Trinity Syndrome by Tasha Robinson, she gives strong
examples from commonly-known movies to help others understand her claim. In the
beginning of this text, she gives credit to the people who seemingly care enough to
push forward a strong female lead in many different things. She talks about the
importance of having a female character and how there has been a “cultural push” to
have female characters become confident and capable, and also starring a main role.
The author of this article suggests an interesting outlook on how the term “strong
female character” can actually be almost against what it is literally intending to say.
That expression has been dissected and shown to do more harm than good in a lot of
different ways. In a great read titled “I hate Strong Female Characters” by Sophia
Mcdougall, although it seems misleading, the very first few lines are incredibly
accurate. “Sherlock Holmes gets to be brilliant, solitary, abrasive, Bohemian,
whimsical, brave, sad, manipulative, neurotic, vain, untidy, fastidious, artistic,
courteous, rude, a polymath genius. Female characters get to be Strong.” She shows
that men characters can have an infinite amount of synonyms describing them, and
female characters merely get “strong”. She says that typically, men characters are
assumed to be strong due to the societal thoughts on masculinity. The Trinity
Syndrome is “more than a marketing term than a meaningful goal”.
Visual Examples
Currently in this era, there are countless examples that could be used to help
further define gender and its importance in literature of all forms. Starfire, a character
originally from the famous comic “Teen Titans” is an absolutely great example of a
feminist icon in comics. From the very moment Starfire was a mere thought, she was
sexualized. She is initially introduced as a sexy alien who is extremely naive and
culturally unaware with a small hint of anger. She has been described as a “male
fantasy.” On the other hand, once the audience actually has a chance to read, see, and
watch Starfire’s actions and dialogue, she becomes so much more than just that. In the
animated TV show version of Teen Titans, Starfire’s stories come to life and her
character is able to express her true self and the way she was written way more
effectively. Regardless, in either of those ways, the audience progressively sees
through stories and character development that Starfire is arguable the strongest
female superhero. Not to say she is a “strong female lead” but she proves her mental
and physical strength to not only her team, but the readers as well. Starfire is proven
to be physically strongest out of her entire team, thanks to her super strength alien
powers. Being mentally strong is a large portion of Starfire’s entire character and
backstory; the women of her planet were usually captured and chosen to live out their
days as servants. In multiple different universes of the Teen Titans, Starfire eventually
becomes the leader of the Teen Titans. This is remarkably relevant to gender because
when one thinks of a “strong character” a common thought is frequently something
like “Superman” or “The Hulk”-- two very masculine characters. Starfire shatters our
culture’s notion that women should be submissive, fragile, or perhaps simply not as
strong as other characters. She is not pure or innocent; she embraces her sexuality
and gender without ever having to distinctly say it through confident dialogue and
actions.
The film Carol is a love story between two characters named Carol and Therese.
A film about two adult women falling in love, with many binaries and themes that are
dire to the meaning of the story. While being LGBT friendly, this movie should not be
categorized as a “lesbian love film”. This does not mean that the movie does not have a
right to identify with a genre catered specifically for that group, but in the sense that it
should not have to constantly possess that specific label. It should be considered
solely a love story, in simpler terms. The binaries seem to stick out visually than in
other movies. Some examples of this would be older/younger, /blonde/brunette,
higher/lower class. The setting in this film takes place in the 1950’s, so it goes without
saying that a lesbian or gay relationship was not accepted nearly as much as it is in
today’s age. They had to keep their love a secret for obvious reasons, but neither of
the characters ever specifically mentioned that their affair continues behind the
curtains because nobody would allow it. This happens because it is already assumed.
Being a bit older than Therese, Carol has a more established life; having a previous
female lover, daughter, and a husband (who she is mostly separated from.) When her
husband, Harge, suspects she has another lover, he hires an investigator to spy on
Therese and Carol when they go out of town together. This is the consequence
because Harge truly believes that Carol must fit the average woman’s life in the 50’s;
that she must be submissive housewife who takes care of her husband, and does not
resist against the man’s needs. His character cannot stand that she is breaking this
social norm, so he takes intense lengths to gather information to use toward her in
court to eventually threaten to take her daughter away. To use someone’s sexuality or
who they are in love with was an actual, was a legal way to handle matters in a court of
law. Her having a relationship with another woman was a plausible reason to have her
daughter taken away. Carol shows great leadership values in not only her character,
but as a woman character. For this setting, Carol reacts the only way that makes sense;
to nobily accept what she did “wrong”, but does not resist or apologize. She handles it
in a sensible manner, while remaining level headed and not feeding into the
stereotype of women “overreacting”. Abby plays an important female role in this story
to because, although being a past lover of Carol, she still loves and takes care of her in
a purely platonic way, showing a very adult relationship between the two. Carol has a
distinct and real portrayal of love in the 50’s as women.
Textual Examples
An example of gender in smaller and shorter texts would be Deciding to Live
and Don’t Tell Me You Don’t Know by Dorothy Allison. The main character suffers from
obvious depression, constantly mentioning she wants to die. The only reason,
however, she does not do this is because of her relationship with her mother. The
character did not necessarily decide to live, she decided not to die for her mom. In this
text, one could gather that the main focus is how she writes, and how writing is a
symbol for purging. This is how the character copes. This text talks about women’s
relationships to each other in families, and how those relationships seem to bond in a
different way when you are both female. Her mother and aunt have very traditional
thoughts on women; how they should inevitably have children, and the women are the
ones who have to take care of everything. The main character however is very
progressive and finds all of this to be nonsense. “Children seemed like the end-all
be-all of everything. Like some goddamned crazy religion”. They believe that is what a
woman was simply born for.
Sula is another textual example of how gender is important to characters and
stories. While being a pretty short novel, Sula tells a long and complicated story of two
completely different families, showing the lives of both sides. While having binaries in
its story as well as puzzling relationships, it still shows a great representation of purely
women’s relationship to each other. It also shows ambiguity towards conflicts over
gender, race, and even points of view. The harshness of dialogue shared between Eva,
Hannah, and Sula is unconventional yet significant to the point that their family is
supposed to be unusual. Their family and life was very exposed compared to Nel’s.
This shows a realistic way women actually have lived and continue to live. In Eva’s
story concerning baby Plum having an impacted bowel also shows a sensible story
about what measures women have to go to-- and they might not always be pretty. It
shows her creeping manic gradually take over her completely when she ends up killing
Plum. She represents mental illness by having the mindset that killing him was really
saving him from his heroin addiction. She is a mother, and her gender is dire to her
story and who she is. As Sula and Nel grew up throughout the novel, Nel seemed to fit
the more expected role as a woman; she got married and had children. Sula, however,
broke the typical expectations and went to college. Their gender is dire to this because
without it, this concern would not even exist.
As stated before, gender is a very broad subject, and it would be nearly
impossible to fit every single bit of information into one coherent way to view it.
Exploring society’s contradictions through several different examples helps create new
ideas and thoughts on a subject that can continue gaining more concepts and
theories.
Link to this page
Permanent link
Use the permanent link to the download page to share your document on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, or directly with a contact by e-Mail, Messenger, Whatsapp, Line..
Short link
Use the short link to share your document on Twitter or by text message (SMS)
HTML Code
Copy the following HTML code to share your document on a Website or Blog