An overview of endangered species (PDF)




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1

Anover
vi
ewofEndanger
edspeci
esl
osti
nt
he
wi
l
der
nessandt
her
ol
eofGover
nment
or
gani
zat
i
onsi
nFi
ndi
ngandshel
t
er
i
ngt
hem.

2

Abst
r
act
Myi
nt
ent
i
onher
ei
st
ohi
ghl
i
ghthowt
osaveendanger
ed
speci
esf
r
om ext
i
nct
i
onandcapt
ur
et
hem byt
r
acki
ngt
hem down,
heal
t
hr
ecover
yandi
nt
egr
at
et
hem wi
t
hot
herspeci
esoft
hei
r
cl
ass.I
ti
st
her
esponsi
bi
l
t
yanddut
yofspeci
al
i
zed
gover
nment
s'
sponsor
edor
gani
zat
i
ons.Andhowt
heyshoul
d
makeendanger
edspeci
esmat
eandbr
eedaf
t
err
ecover
y.Li
st
s
ofendanger
edspeci
esshoul
dbei
ssuedpr
oper
l
ybycommi
t
t
ees.
Thecommi
t
t
eesmustf
or
m power
f
ul
andwel
l
equi
pedt
eamsi
n
t
hesear
chf
orsuchspeci
eswi
t
ht
hepr
operequi
pmentpr
ovi
ded
byor
gani
zat
i
onsof
f
i
ci
al
s.Thecapt
ur
edani
mal
sshoul
dbewel
l
t
r
ai
nedt
ocopeandi
nt
egr
at
ewi
t
hot
herani
mal
s.
Then,
t
henumberofnearext
i
nctspeci
escani
ncr
easeunt
i
li
t
r
eachest
henumberorneart
henumberofr
egul
arspeci
es.An
exampl
eofnearext
i
nctspeci
esi
sment
i
ondsuchast
hewhi
t
e
r
hi
nocer
os.Andhowt
heycanr
edevel
opagai
nbyt
he
cooper
at
i
onofpr
of
essi
onalt
eamsandexper
t
s.Thepr
ocessof
savi
ngendanger
edspeci
est
akesl
ongt
i
meandpat
i
ence.These
ef
f
or
t
smustbesuppor
t
edbyl
ogi
st
i
cs,
cooper
at
i
on,
knowl
edge
andexper
i
enceandmostofal
l
,
st
r
ongbel
i
eft
hatt
hosespeci
es
canbesaved.

Keywor
ds:endanger
edspeci
es,
or
gani
zat
i
onsr
ol
e,
r
ecover
yof
speci
es,
i
nt
egr
at
i
on,
l
awsandr
egul
at
i
ons,
cr
eat
i
ngl
i
st
s.

3

I
nt
r
oduct
i
on
gover
nmentor
gani
zat
i
ons'
r
ol
e,
whi
char
er
esponsi
bl
ef
orwi
l
d
l
i
f
econser
vat
i
on,
i
st
omakeat
hor
oughcheckedl
i
stof
endanger
edspeci
esont
hel
ocalandt
henat
i
onall
evel
al
ongwi
t
h
t
hei
nt
er
nat
i
onal
l
evel
.Andt
hei
ref
f
or
t
si
nspeci
esconser
vat
i
on
t
obr
i
ngt
hem saf
el
y.Thei
ref
f
or
t
st
ost
opi
l
l
egalact
i
vi
t
i
esandt
o
conser
vesuchspeci
esi
nscei
nt
i
f
i
cways.Themaj
orr
ol
eof
l
eader
sofendanger
edspeci
esconser
vat
i
onor
gani
zat
i
onsi
s
devel
oporr
edevel
opcapt
ur
edani
mal
sandmaket
hem i
nt
egr
at
e
wi
t
hot
herani
mal
ssaf
el
y.
Al
so,
ani
mal
s'
t
ot
alheal
t
hr
ecover
yandpr
oduci
ngnewbr
eed
i
st
hei
rr
esponsi
bi
l
i
t
y.Andt
oshar
et
hei
rsuccessf
ul
exper
i
ences
wi
t
hot
heror
gani
zat
i
onswor
l
dwi
de.

Resul
t
sandDi
scussi
on
Theyshoul
dof
f
err
ewar
dst
ot
hosewhot
ur
ni
nendanger
ed
speci
esorr
epor
tt
hem t
ot
heaut
hor
i
t
i
es.I
nr
et
ur
n,
t
heyshoul
d
behonor
edandr
ewar
dedf
ort
hei
rdeedsandser
vi
ces.They
shoul
di
nf
or
m ot
her
sandmaket
hem awar
eoft
hei
rr
ewar
dsand
t
heyshoul
dencour
aget
hem f
ol
l
owt
hei
rpat
h.Theyshoul
dal
so
war
not
her
saboutpuni
shment
st
ot
hosewhodi
sobeyanddo
i
l
l
egalact
i
vi
t
i
esagai
nstendanger
edspeci
esorhuntt
hem down.
Thel
i
stofendanger
edspeci
esshoul
dbemadecar
ef
ul
l
yand
di
l
i
gent
l
yaccor
di
ngt
ot
henat
i
onalandi
nt
er
nat
i
onalst
andar
ds

4

ofendanger
edspeci
esconser
vat
i
onwi
t
hdet
ai
l
sandhi
st
or
yof
t
hespeci
esandt
hei
rot
hercl
assspeci
es.Thel
i
stshoul
dbe
madebyexper
t
s,
pr
of
essi
onal
sandwi
sepeopl
ewhohavedeal
t
wi
t
ht
hesei
ssues.

Thef
i
nall
i
stshoul
dbei
ssuedbyt
heheadoft
hecommi
t
t
eeof
endanger
edspeci
es.

Andt
hatt
hi
scommi
t
t
eeshoul
dbeper
manentorshoul
dhol
d
meet
i
ngsont
her
egul
arbaseswi
t
hf
ul
l
ypai
dsal
ar
i
est
oi
t
s
member
s.Member
soft
hecommi
t
t
eeshoul
dbeawar
et
hat
t
heseser
vi
cear
ef
ort
hesakeofsavi
ngendanger
edspeci
esas
doi
ngaf
avort
ot
heevi
r
onmentbysavi
ngt
hem f
r
om ext
i
nct
i
on.
I
ti
smor
eofhumani
t
yr
at
hert
handoi
ngaj
obwi
t
hpai
dsal
ar
y.

Thel
aws,
r
ul
esandr
egul
at
i
onaboutt
heendanger
edani
mal
s
shoul
dbef
i
r
m andcont
i
nuouseveni
ft
heendanger
edani
mal
s
ar
esaf
e,
unhar
medandr
el
eased.Sever
epuni
shment
smustbe
i
ssuedagai
nstt
hosewhobr
eakt
hel
awandt
her
emustbej
ai
l
t
i
me,
f
i
nesandpubl
i
cwar
ni
ngsf
ort
hem.

Thosel
awsofpr
ot
ect
i
ngt
heendanger
edspeci
esshoul
dbe
announcedi
nal
lpubl
i
cmedi
a,
soci
alnet
wor
ks,
of
f
i
ci
alwebsi
t
es,
post
er
s,
bi
l
l
boar
ds,
et
c.

5

Awar
enessshoul
dbemadei
npubl
i
cpl
acessuchas
gar
dens,
mal
l
s,
st
r
eet
spl
aygr
oundset
c.Thi
sawar
enessshoul
d
beschedul
eddayandni
ghtunt
i
lpeopl
el
ear
nt
hem byhear
t
.
Theyshoul
dl
ear
nt
hatt
her
ear
esever
eandser
i
ouspuni
shment
s
t
ot
hosewhodi
sobeyt
hel
awandt
hatt
heor
gani
zat
i
onsar
e
underdi
r
ectsuper
vi
si
onoft
hel
eaderoft
hecount
r
y.

Ther
emustbeadequat
er
ewar
dst
ot
hosewhoi
nf
or
m onpeopl
e
possesi
ngi
l
l
egal
endanger
edspeci
es.Thosewhowantt
or
epor
t
endanger
edspeci
esshoul
dr
epor
tdi
r
ect
l
yt
ot
heheadoft
he
commi
t
t
eeandnooneel
se
Ther
eshoul
dahot
l
i
neepeci
al
l
yf
ormaki
ngr
epor
t
sor
wher
eabout
soft
heendanger
edspeci
es.Becausei
ft
heyr
epor
t
t
omor
et
hanoneper
sont
hi
swi
l
lcausechaosandconf
usi
on
amongpeopl
e.

Thedescr
i
pt
i
onsanddet
ai
l
soft
heendanger
edspecyshoul
dbe
conf
i
r
medaccor
di
ngt
ot
hel
i
st
.

Andt
heyshoul
dbesubmi
t
t
edbyal
l
medi
ameanst
hr
oughusi
ng
i
magesandvi
deosoft
heendanger
edspecyandi
t
sl
ocat
i
onand
wher
eabout
s.
Thecommi
t
t
eecancheckandexami
net
heani
mali
nor
dert
o
det
er
mi
nei
fi
ti
sanendanger
edani
malorj
ustar
egul
arone.
I
fpeopl
ef
i
ndanendanger
edanddanger
ousani
malt
heyshoul
d
notcausehar
mt
oi
tbutt
heyshoul
davoi
di
tbypeacef
ul
means

6

asmuchast
heycanandt
hemedi
ashoul
di
mmedi
at
el
yi
ssue
war
ni
ngst
ot
hepubl
i
candi
nf
or
m peopl
eaboutt
hebestwayst
o
avoi
dsuchani
mali
napeacef
ulwaywi
t
houtcausi
nganyhar
m.
Andi
fanyoneseessomeonewhoi
st
r
yi
ngt
ohuntdownt
he
endanger
edani
mal
,
t
heyshoul
dr
epor
tt
hehunt
er
st
oaut
hor
i
t
i
es
ort
r
yt
ost
opt
hem i
ft
heycoul
d.

Sear
cht
eamswhi
char
et
r
yi
ngt
ocat
cht
heendanger
edani
mal
shoul
dusespeci
alanduni
quewar
ni
ngequi
pmentsuchas
whi
st
l
esandsi
r
enest
owar
nt
hei
rot
hert
eam member
saboutt
he
l
ocat
i
onoft
heendanger
edani
mal
.Theyhavet
ousesome
war
ni
ngcodessuchascont
i
nuouswhi
st
l
esandsi
r
ensmeans
t
heani
mali
snearandi
ft
hewar
ni
ngi
sal
l
evi
at
edorst
oppedt
hat
meanst
heani
mal
i
smovi
ngaway.Someoft
het
eam member
s
shoul
dst
aybehi
ndt
owar
nt
heot
her
sandsoon.

Thet
er
r
i
t
or
ywher
et
heani
mali
sf
oundshoul
dbemar
ked,
sur
r
oundedandguar
dedt
hor
oughl
y.Onl
yof
f
i
ci
al
sshoul
dbei
n
t
hatar
eaandnoi
nf
or
mat
i
onshoul
dbesentoutnotevent
o
f
ami
l
ymember
sorr
el
at
i
ons.

Of
f
i
cal
shunt
i
ngf
ort
heani
malshoul
dwearsui
t
abl
ecol
t
hesand
pr
ot
ect
i
veequi
pmentwhenf
aci
ngt
heani
malandt
heyshoul
d
uset
hesui
t
abl
eandmeasur
edsubst
ancesf
ordr
uggi
ngt
he
ani
mal
wi
t
houtcausi
ngdeat
horhar
mt
oi
t
.Thedr
ugged
subst
ancesshoul
dbeusedaccor
di
ngt
ot
heani
mal
'
sbody

7

r
esi
st
ence,
wei
ght
,
t
al
landi
t
sheal
t
handcondi
t
i
on.
Thedr
ugsandsubst
ancesshoul
dbeof
f
i
ci
al
yappr
ovedf
ort
hi
s
speci
f
i
cani
mal
.Rot
at
i
onsonguar
di
ngt
hear
eashoul
dbe
consi
der
ed.I
ft
heani
mal
i
st
oodanger
ous,
t
heyshoul
dr
et
r
eat
andwai
tf
orsuppor
t
.Thel
ocal
scanpr
ovi
dehel
pt
ot
heguar
dsi
f
neededandshoul
dwat
chf
ori
l
l
egalhunt
er
s.

Somel
ocal
scanvol
unt
eert
opr
ot
ectt
heguar
dsi
nr
et
ur
nf
or
r
ewar
dsandt
hei
rnamesshoul
dbeof
f
i
ci
al
yr
egest
er
ed.The
vol
unt
eer
scanbedevi
dedi
nt
ot
r
oopsandgr
oupssot
hatsome
gr
oupscanpr
ovi
dewar
ni
ngsandupdat
esont
hehunt
.

Af
t
ert
heani
mal
i
scapt
ur
edt
heyshoul
dmakef
i
r
m andt
hor
ough
checkoni
tt
oensur
et
hati
tmat
chest
her
epor
t
edone.The
ani
mal
shoul
dbedel
i
ver
edt
ot
heor
gani
zat
i
onf
orconf
i
r
mat
i
on.
Someguar
dsshoul
dst
aybehi
ndi
nt
hehunt
i
ngar
eaunt
i
lt
hey
r
ecei
veconf
i
r
mat
i
onandappr
oval
.Thesamepr
ocedur
esshoul
d
cont
i
nue.

I
ft
hecapt
ur
edani
mal
i
sconf
i
r
medt
hati
ti
st
her
i
ghtone,
r
epor
t
s
shoul
dbei
ssuedbyt
hecommi
t
t
ee,
pr
of
essi
onal
sandexper
t
s
t
hatt
heendanger
edani
malhasbeenf
oundandnowi
ti
si
n
cust
ody.

Af
t
erconf
i
r
mat
i
onandannouncementoft
hecapt
ur
edani
mal
,
t
heani
malshoul
dcompul
sor
ybeunderf
ol
l
owupandmedi
cal

8

checkupunt
i
l
i
ti
sf
ul
l
yr
ecover
edandt
heni
tshoul
dbeunder
hi
ghl
ypr
ot
ect
edandheal
t
hyenvi
r
onmentwi
t
hmaxi
mum
secur
i
t
yawar
eness.

Thef
aci
l
i
t
yf
ort
heani
mali
ncust
odyshoul
dbeguar
dedby
di
l
i
gent
l
yandcar
ef
ul
l
ysel
ect
edof
f
i
cer
sandguar
ds.
Theani
malmustbesuper
vi
sedbypr
of
essi
onalvet
er
i
nansand
ani
mal
exper
t
swhoar
el
eader
si
nt
hei
rf
i
el
d.

Thef
i
nalr
epor
taboutt
heani
mal
'
scondi
t
i
onshoul
dbe
t
hor
oughl
ycheckedandconf
i
r
medmanyt
i
mesbef
or
et
hef
i
nal
desi
ci
onaboutt
heani
ma'
sheal
t
handcondi
t
i
on.

Thi
st
eam ofdoct
or
sshoul
df
ol
l
owupr
egul
ar
yont
heani
mal
'
s
condi
t
i
onandheal
t
hi
mpr
ovementandt
heyshoul
dbeassi
gned
t
hi
st
askper
mi
nant
l
yandf
orot
herani
mal
st
obecapt
ur
ed.
Theani
mal
'
sheal
t
hshoul
dbecont
i
nuousl
yi
mpr
ovi
ngunt
i
li
ti
s
st
r
ongandheal
t
hy.Theani
mal
'
sf
oodmustbesel
ect
ed
accor
di
ngt
oi
t
snat
ur
eandcondi
t
i
onunt
i
li
tf
ul
l
yr
ecover
s.The
ani
mal
shoul
dber
el
easedi
nt
hef
aci
l
i
t
yt
omovear
oundandt
o
checkoni
t
sphysi
calper
f
or
mance.I
tshoul
dbet
r
ai
nedby
pr
of
essi
onalani
mal
t
r
ai
ner
sandt
ost
udyhowf
r
i
endl
yi
ti
st
o
humans.Thi
st
r
ai
ni
ngwi
l
lmaket
heani
malbecomef
r
i
endl
ywi
t
h
peopl
eandgetusedt
opeopl
ear
oundi
t
.

9

Thet
r
ai
nermustbepr
of
essi
onalandf
ami
l
i
arwi
t
hsuchani
mal
s
andhemustuset
hepr
opersaf
et
yandt
r
ai
ni
ngequi
pment
.

Thet
r
ai
nermustbechosenaf
t
eracompet
i
t
i
onbet
weensever
al
ani
mal
t
r
ai
ner
sf
r
om wi
der
angewi
t
hdi
f
f
er
entexper
i
ences.
Af
t
ert
heani
mal
i
swel
lt
r
ai
nedandf
ul
l
yr
ecover
ed,
t
hent
henews
canber
el
easedt
ot
hepubl
i
c.Theani
malshoul
dbet
r
ai
nedt
o
becomef
ami
l
i
art
oi
t
sot
hercl
assani
mal
sandi
tshoul
dbe
t
r
ai
nedt
obecomef
r
i
endl
ywi
t
ht
hem andi
nt
er
actwi
t
ht
hem
nat
ur
al
l
y.
Ver
t
ebr
at
esar
econsi
der
edt
obet
hebackboneofspeci
es.They
canbef
oundwher
et
her
ei
spl
ent
yoff
ood,
wat
erandsaf
et
y;i
n
ar
easawayf
r
om ci
t
i
esandhumanset
t
el
ment
swher
et
heydon'
t
wantt
obef
oundordi
scover
ed.Mostoft
het
i
met
heyescapet
o
newandunf
ami
l
i
arar
east
ot
hem andt
heyendupl
osti
nt
he
wi
l
der
ness.
Theyspl
i
tf
r
om t
hei
ror
i
gi
nalgr
oupr
unni
ngawayandmovi
ngi
n
di
f
f
er
entdi
r
ect
i
onswher
et
heygetl
osti
nt
hevastl
andsoft
he
wi
l
der
ness.
Af
t
ert
hat
,
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