Babu Seya's case (PDF)

I
NTHECOURTOFAPPEALOFTANZANI
A
ATDARESSALAAM
(
CORAM:KI
MARO,
J.
A.
,
MBAROUK,
J.
A.
,
AndMASSATI
,
J,
A.
)
CRI
MI
NALAPPEALNO.56OF2005
NGUZAVI
KI
NGS@ BABUSEYA
JOHNSONNGUZA@PAPI
IKOCHA
NGUZAMBANGU
FRANCI
SNGUZA.
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APPELLANTS
VERSUS
THEREPUBLI
C.
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RESPONDENT
(
Appealf
r
om t
hedeci
si
onoft
heHi
ghCour
tofTanzani
a
atDaresSal
aam)
(
Mi
hay
o,
J.
)
Dat
edt
he27thdayofJanuar
y
,
2005
I
n
Cr
i
mi
nalAppealNo.84of2004
.
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JUDGMENTOFTHECOURT
3RD DECEMBER,
2009&11thFEBRUARY,
2010

KI
MARO,
J.
A.
:
Thi
si
sasecondappeal
. Al
lt
heappel
l
ant
s,t
hef
i
r
stbei
ngaf
at
her
,
andt
hesecondt
of
our
t
hhi
schi
l
dr
en,wer
ej
oi
nt
l
ychar
gedi
nt
heCour
tof
Resi
dentMagi
st
r
at
eatKi
sut
uwi
t
ht
encount
sofr
apecont
r
ar
yt
osect
i
on
1

130(
2)(
e)and131(
A)(
1)oft
hePenalCodeasamendedbysect
i
ons5
and6oft
heSexualOf
f
ences(
Speci
alPr
ov
i
si
ons)Act
,
No.4of1998.They
wer
eal
soj
oi
nt
l
ychar
gedwi
t
hel
ev
encount
sofunnat
ur
alof
f
encecont
r
ar
y
t
osect
i
on154(
1)oft
hePenalCodeasr
epeal
edandr
epl
acedbysect
i
on
16oft
hesamel
aw.Thev
i
ct
i
msoft
heof
f
encewer
et
enchi
l
dr
en,who,i
n
2003,
t
het
i
mewhent
heof
f
encesar
eal
l
egedt
ohav
ebeencommi
t
t
edwer
e
agedbet
weensi
xandt
eny
ear
sol
d.Theywer
eal
lpupi
l
sofst
andar
done
atMashuj
aaPr
i
mar
ySchool
,l
ocat
edatSi
nzaar
eai
nKi
nondoniDi
st
r
i
ct
.
Thet
r
i
alcour
tent
er
edanomni
busconv
i
ct
i
onf
oral
lappel
l
ant
si
nr
espect
ofal
lcount
s.A sent
enceofl
i
f
ei
mpr
i
sonmentwasi
mposed on each
appel
l
ant
. Eachappel
l
antwasal
soor
der
edt
opayacompensat
i
onof
shi
l
l
i
ngst
womi
l
l
i
ont
oeachoft
hecompl
ai
nant
s.Onappealt
ot
heHi
gh
Cour
tagai
nstt
hej
udgmentandt
hesent
ence,t
hel
ear
nedj
udgeonf
i
r
st
appeal
sai
d:

“
Theappel
l
ant
swer
echar
gedundersect
i
on
131(
1)(
3)oft
hePenalCodeasamendedby
bySOSPA.It
hi
nkt
heevi
denceasadduced
f
i
t
st
hedef
i
ni
t
i
onofgangr
apecont
r
ar
yt
o
2

Sect
i
on131A,
underwhi
cht
heappel
l
ant
swer
e
char
ged.Isubst
i
t
ut
et
hesect
i
onunderwhi
ch
t
heappel
l
ant
sshoul
dhavebeensent
enced
accor
di
ngl
y.
”
St
i
l
laggr
i
eved byt
hedeci
si
on oft
heHi
gh Cour
t
,t
he
appel
l
ant
sf
i
l
edamemor
andum ofappealcont
ai
ni
ng19gr
ounds, but
bef
or
et
hehear
i
ng,t
heyabandoned gr
ounds1,2,
3,
5,
6,
7,
8,
11,
14,
and 15
t
husr
emai
ni
ngwi
t
hni
negr
oundswhi
char
e:

“
4.Thel
ear
nedHi
ghCour
tJudgeer
r
edi
nvi
ndi
cat
i
ng
t
hepr
ocedur
ebyt
het
r
i
alcour
tt
odi
sal
l
owandexpunge
f
r
om t
her
ecor
devi
denceoft
hepol
i
ceof
f
i
cer
s
summoned
byanor
deroft
het
r
i
alcour
twhi
chcont
r
adi
ct
edevi
dence
ofpr
osecut
i
onwi
t
nessesandt
or
evi
si
t
,
andvacat
e
deci
si
onsal
r
eadymadei
npur
por
t
edexer
ci
seofpower
s
ofr
evi
si
onwhi
cht
het
r
i
alcour
tdi
dnotpossess.
9.Thel
ear
nedHi
ghCour
tJudgeer
r
edi
nnotf
i
ndi
ngt
hat
t
henonconduct
i
ngof”
voi
r
edi
r
e”asbyl
awr
equi
r
ed di
d
notvi
t
i
at
et
hepr
oceedi
ngs.
3

10.Thel
ear
nedHi
ghCour
tJudgeer
r
edi
nnotappl
yi
ngt
o
t
heappel
l
ant
st
hesamest
andar
dofi
dent
i
f
i
cat
i
ont
hat
wasappl
i
edt
ot
he5thaccusedi
nvi
ewoft
hef
actt
hatt
he
5thaccusedwaswel
lknownt
ot
hevi
ct
i
m wi
t
nesses.
12.Thel
ear
nedJudgeoft
heHi
ghCour
ter
r
edi
nf
i
ndi
ng
t
hatt
he accused per
sons and house No.607 Si
nza
Pal
est
i
newer
epr
oper
l
yi
dent
i
f
i
edast
heper
sonswho
commi
t
t
edt
hecr
i
mesandt
hepl
acei
nwhi
cht
hecr
i
mes
wer
ecommi
t
t
edr
espect
i
vel
y.
13.Thel
ear
nedHi
ghCour
tJudgewasi
ner
r
ori
nf
i
ndi
ng
t
hatt
her
ecor
doft
hepr
oceedi
ngsi
nt
het
r
i
alcour
tdi
d
cont
ai
nat
r
ue and subst
ant
i
alr
epr
oduct
i
on of t
he
wi
t
nesses’
answer
sgi
vendur
i
ngcr
ossexami
nat
i
on.
16.Thel
ear
nedAppel
l
at
eJudgeer
r
edi
nl
awandi
nf
acti
n
conf
i
r
mi
ngt
het
r
i
alCour
t
’
shol
di
ngt
hatt
hecasef
ort
he
pr
osecut
i
oni
nr
espectofeachcounthadbeenpr
oved
beyondr
easonabl
edoubt
.
17.Thel
ear
nedappel
l
at
eJudgehader
r
edi
nl
aw andi
n
f
acti
nr
ej
ect
i
ngt
hedef
encecaset
hatal
lt
i
mesmat
er
i
al
t
ot
hepr
osecut
i
oncaset
her
ewer
epeopl
e,ot
hert
hant
he
accused,atHouseNo.607,sucht
hati
twasi
mpossi
bl
e
f
ort
heaccusedt
ohavecommi
t
t
edt
heal
l
egedof
f
ences
wi
t
houtbei
ngseenbyt
hoseot
herpeopl
e.
4

18.Thel
ear
nedappel
l
at
eJudgeer
r
edi
nl
awandi
nf
acti
n
uphol
di
ngt
het
r
i
alCour
t
’
sr
ej
ect
i
onoft
hedef
enceoft
he
2nd,3rd,4t
haccusedper
sonst
hatt
heycoul
dnothave
been athouse No.607 att
he t
i
mes mat
er
i
alt
ot
he
pr
osecut
i
on case,wi
t
hout maki
ng any f
i
ndi
ngs on
cr
edi
bi
l
i
t
yofsever
aldef
encewi
t
nesses.
19.Thel
ear
nedappel
l
at
eJudgeer
r
edi
nl
awi
nuphol
di
ng
t
het
r
i
alCour
t
’
sf
ai
l
ur
eand/
orr
ef
usalt
odr
awanadver
se
i
nf
er
enceagai
nstt
hepr
osecut
i
onf
ort
hei
rr
ef
usalt
ocal
l
mat
er
i
alwi
t
nesses.
”
Bef
or
eusMr
.Maber
eMar
ando,l
ear
nedcounsel
,appear
edf
or
t
heappel
l
ant
s,assi
st
edbyMr
.
Hami
duMbwezel
eni
,l
ear
nedcounsel
.The
Republ
i
c/
Respondentwasr
epr
esent
edbyMr
.Yust
usMul
okozi
,Pr
i
nci
pal
St
at
eAt
t
or
ney
,assi
st
edbyMr
.YohaneMasar
a,Seni
orSt
at
eAt
t
or
ney
.
Bef
or
egoi
ngont
hegr
oundsofappeal
,agoodst
ar
t
i
ngpoi
nti
st
ogi
v
ea
br
i
efsummar
yoft
hef
act
st
hatpr
ompt
edt
hef
i
l
i
ngoft
hechar
gesagai
nst
t
heappel
l
ant
s.
Theev
i
dencet
hatwasl
edi
nt
het
r
i
alcour
tshowedt
hati
n2003Aza
Hussei
n(
PW12)
,RehemaMgweno(
PW5)
,Al
i
ci
aLongi
no(
PW3)
,Agnet
aSi
a
(
PW14)
,I
sabel
l
aAngowi
l
e(
PW9)
,Jul
i
etMbar
i
ki
(
PW8)
,DeiJaf
f
ar
i
(
PW13)
,
5

Gi
f
tKi
pwapwa(
PW2)
,Yasi
nt
aMbel
e(
PW11)and Ami
naShomar
i
(
PW5)
wer
eal
lst
andar
donepupi
l
satMashuj
aaPr
i
mar
yschool
. OneCandy
Dav
i
dMwai
v
aj
i(
PW1)wasaguar
di
anofPW2andwasl
i
v
i
ngwi
t
hher
.PW2
i
sadaught
erofhersi
st
eri
nl
awandwassev
eny
ear
sol
dt
hen.PW1was
al
sol
i
v
i
ngwi
t
hahousegi
r
l
cal
l
edSel
l
i
naJohn.
On8th Oct
ober
,2003atni
ght
,Candynot
edt
hataf
oulsmel
lwas
comi
ngf
r
om PW2.Shedi
r
ect
edhert
ot
akebat
hbutt
hatdi
dnotr
emov
e
t
hesmel
l
.Ont
henex
tday
,
i
nt
heabsenceofPW2whohadal
r
eadygonet
o
school
,PW1askedSel
l
i
nawhyaf
oulsmel
lwascomi
ngf
r
om PW2.Sel
l
i
na
i
nf
or
medCandyt
hatshesawPW2wi
t
hshi
l
l
i
ngs200/
-anduponi
nqui
r
yon
howshegott
hemoney
,
PW2sai
dshegott
hemoneyf
r
om oneBabuSea@
Nguza,t
hemusi
ci
an. Thi
smadePW1suspi
ci
ous. WhenPW2r
et
ur
ned
home f
r
om school
,PW1 asked herwhy Babu Sea gav
e hermoney
.
Accor
di
ngt
oPW1,PW2washonest
. Sher
ev
eal
edt
oherhow shemet
BabuSea,t
hef
i
r
stappel
l
ant
,who,byl
ur
i
ngherwi
t
hasodaandchewi
ng
gum;
het
ookhert
ohi
sr
oom.Het
ol
dhert
ocl
oseherey
es,
t
i
edherwi
t
ha
pi
eceofbl
ackcl
ot
hov
erherey
es,undr
essedher
,andaf
t
erappl
y
i
ngan
oi
nt
mentonherpr
i
v
at
epar
t
s,
hehadsexwi
t
hher
.Heal
sot
ol
dhert
osuck
6

hi
speni
s,whi
chPW2di
d.The1stappel
l
antt
hr
eat
enedt
ot
akePW2t
ot
he
pol
i
ceorchopherear
si
fsher
ev
eal
edt
hesexualabuset
oany
one.PW 2
al
soi
nf
or
medPW1t
hatshewasnott
heonl
yv
i
ct
i
m oft
hesexualact
sby
t
heappel
l
ant
s. Shement
i
onedt
her
estoft
hev
i
ct
i
mst
oPW1.WhenPW1
exami
nedPW2’
spr
i
v
at
epar
t
s,shef
oundt
hem wi
t
hf
r
eshbl
oodandpus
ooz
i
ngf
r
om t
her
e.PW2wast
akent
ohospi
t
alandshewasdi
agnosedt
o
besuf
f
er
i
ngf
r
om gonor
r
hoeaandwast
r
eat
ed.
Apar
tf
r
om r
epor
t
i
ng t
he i
nci
dentt
ot
he pol
i
ce,PW1 wi
t
ht
he
assi
st
anceofGi
f
t
,t
r
acedt
her
esi
dencesoft
her
estoft
hev
i
ct
i
msoft
he
of
f
encesasment
i
onedbyPW2.Shei
nf
or
medt
hei
rpar
ent
sorguar
di
ans
aboutt
hesexor
dealwi
t
ht
heappel
l
ant
s.Fr
om t
het
est
i
moni
esoft
he
par
ent
s,guar
di
ansorr
el
at
i
v
esoft
hecompl
ai
nant
s,al
lt
hecompl
ai
nant
s
admi
t
t
edi
nv
ol
v
ementi
nsexualact
swi
t
ht
heappel
l
ant
s.Thesear
eAi
sha
Mr
ut
u(
PW4)
,mot
herofAl
i
ci
aLongi
no(
PW3)
;Hadi
j
aOmar
i
(
PW6)
,mot
her
ofRehemaMgweno(
PW5)and Congest
aAudax(
PW7)
,
mot
herofJul
i
et
Mbar
i
ki
(
PW8)
.Ot
her
sar
eMar
yVi
ct
or
yChi
t
umbi
(
PW10)
,
mot
herofI
sabel
l
a
(
PW9)
;
Br
i
get
ha Kameny
a(
PW16)
,gr
andmot
herof DeiJaf
f
ar
i
(
PW13)
;
HassanGamaka(
PW17)
,f
at
herofAzaHassan(
PW12)
;JohnMbel
e(
PW18)
7

f
at
herofYasi
nt
aMbel
e(
PW11)
;
Li
l
i
anMbawal
a(
PW19)
,
guar
di
anofAgnet
a
Si
a(
PW14)and Ami
na Zuber
ia r
el
at
i
v
e ofAmi
na Shomar
i(
PW15)
.
Accor
di
ngt
ot
hewi
t
nesses al
lt
hecompl
ai
nant
sexpl
ai
nedt
hatt
heact
s
t
ookpl
aceathouseNo.
607atSi
nzawhi
cht
heysai
dwast
her
esi
denceof
t
he1stappel
l
ant
.Whatusedt
ot
akepl
acewast
hat
,
t
hecompl
ai
nant
swer
e
t
akent
ot
her
esi
denceoft
he1stappel
l
antwher
et
heywer
et
ol
dt
oundr
ess.
Theappel
l
ant
soi
l
edt
hei
rpr
i
v
at
epar
t
sandt
henhadsexwi
t
ht
hem,
bot
hi
n
t
hev
agi
naandt
heanus.Somewer
epl
acedonamat
t
r
essont
hebedand
ot
her
sonamat
t
r
essont
hef
l
oor
.Theywer
eal
sot
ol
dt
osuckt
hef
i
r
st
appel
l
ant
’
speni
sandanus.Theact
st
ookpl
acer
epeat
edl
ybet
weenApr
i
l
andOct
ober2003.Al
lt
hev
i
ct
i
mswer
eexami
nedbyDr
.Pet
r
oni
l
aNgi
l
oi
,
(
PW20)
,aSpeci
al
i
stPaedi
at
r
i
c.Herexper
topi
ni
onwast
hatAl
i
ci
a(
PW3)
,
Gi
f
tKi
pwapwa(
PW2)andAmi
naShomar
i(
PW5)wer
esodomi
zed,whi
l
e
AzaHassan(
PW12)
,
Jul
i
etMbar
eki(
PW8),
I
sabel
aAngomi
l
e(
PW9)andDei
Jaf
f
ar
i
(
PW13)wer
er
aped.Agnet
aSi
a(
PW14)andYasi
nt
aMbel
e(
PW11)
wer
er
apedandsodomi
zed.Outoft
het
enchi
l
dr
enwhower
esubj
ect
edt
o
t
hesexualabuse,i
twasonl
yRehemaMgwenowho,accor
di
ngt
ot
he
medi
calr
epor
t
,was f
ound t
o hav
e sur
v
i
v
ed f
r
om t
he sexualabuse.
8

Howev
er
,
t
heev
i
denceofHadi
j
aOmar
i(
PW6)t
hemot
herofPW5wast
hat
herv
i
sualexami
nat
i
onofPW5’
spr
i
v
at
epar
t
sshowedt
hatherv
agi
nawas
enl
ar
ged.Ont
hi
sev
i
dencet
heappel
l
ant
swer
ear
r
est
edandchar
gedas
al
r
eadyi
ndi
cat
ed.I
nt
hei
rdef
ence,
al
lappel
l
ant
sdeni
edt
hecommi
ssi
onof
t
heof
f
enceandr
el
i
edont
hedef
enceofal
i
bi
.Eachappel
l
anti
nf
or
medt
he
t
r
i
alcour
tt
hatgi
v
ent
henat
ur
eoft
heact
i
v
i
t
i
est
heydi
df
oral
i
v
i
ng,
al
lsav
e
t
hel
astappel
l
ant
,bei
ngmusi
ci
ansandi
nv
ol
v
edi
npr
act
i
cesdai
l
y
,andat
ot
hert
i
mesconduct
i
ng per
f
or
mancesout
si
deDaresSal
aam,t
heycoul
d
nothav
ebeenatt
he“
l
ocusi
nquo”f
ort
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
encest
hey
wer
echar
gedwi
t
h.Mor
eov
er
,
t
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antt
ol
dt
hecour
tt
hathewas
i
mpot
ent
.Hesai
dal
t
houghher
equest
edt
hepr
osecut
i
ont
oassi
sthi
mi
n
hav
i
nghi
spot
encyexami
ned,
her
ecei
v
edanegat
i
v
er
esponse.Thef
our
t
h
appel
l
antwasast
udentatMbeziSecondar
ySchoolandhesai
dheusedt
o
at
t
endcl
asses.
The pr
osecut
i
on case r
est
ed mai
nl
y on t
he cr
edi
bi
l
i
t
y oft
he
wi
t
nessesandt
hei
dent
i
f
i
cat
i
onoft
heappel
l
ant
s.Thet
r
i
alcour
tbel
i
ev
ed
t
hepr
osecut
i
onev
i
denceanddi
sbel
i
ev
edt
heappel
l
ant
s’def
enceandt
hey
wer
e al
lconv
i
ct
ed,and each oft
he appel
l
ant
swassent
enced t
ol
i
f
e
9

i
mpr
i
sonment
. Asal
r
eadyst
at
edt
heappel
l
ant
sl
ostt
hei
rappeali
nt
he
Hi
ghCour
tt
hati
swhyt
heyar
ebef
or
eusnowwi
t
ht
hi
ssecondappeal
.
I
nar
gui
ngt
heappeal
,
Mr
.Mar
ando,
l
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
st
ar
t
edwi
t
hgr
oundni
neoft
heappealwhi
chf
aul
t
st
hef
i
r
stappel
l
at
ecour
t
f
ornothol
di
ngt
hatt
hepr
oceedi
ngsoft
het
r
i
alcour
twer
ev
i
t
i
at
edf
ornon
compl
i
ancewi
t
ht
hepr
ocedur
ef
orconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e”exami
nat
i
onon
t
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesses.Hesai
dal
t
hought
hel
ear
nedJudgeonf
i
r
stappeal
f
aul
t
edt
hepr
ocedur
et
hatwasusedbyt
het
r
i
alcour
tf
orbei
ngi
mpr
oper
,
y
ethehel
dt
hatt
hepr
oceedi
ngswer
enotv
i
t
i
at
ed. Ci
t
i
ngt
hecaseof
SundayJumaVsR Cr
i
mi
nalAppealNo.407of2007(
unr
epor
t
ed)t
he
l
ear
ned counselsai
dt
he pur
pose f
orconduct
i
ng “
v
oi
r
e di
r
e”and t
he
pr
ocedur
ewasf
ul
l
yexpl
ai
nedi
nt
hecase.One,
i
st
oascer
t
ai
nwhet
hert
he
chi
l
dwi
t
nesspossessessuf
f
i
ci
enti
nt
el
l
i
genceandunder
st
andst
hedut
yt
o
speakt
het
r
ut
h.Two,
i
st
oascer
t
ai
nwhet
hert
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessunder
st
ands
t
henat
ur
eofoat
h. Fur
t
hersubmi
ssi
onbyt
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
he
appel
l
ant
swast
ot
heef
f
ectt
hatt
hel
ear
nedj
udgeer
r
edi
nl
aw whenhe
r
el
i
edonsect
i
on127(
2)oft
heTanzani
aEv
i
denceActwhi
chwasamended
byt
heSexualOf
f
ences(
Speci
alPr
ov
i
si
ons)Actt
oal
l
owaconv
i
ct
i
ont
obe
10

basedonuncor
r
obor
at
edev
i
denceofachi
l
dwi
t
ness.Thel
ear
nedcounsel
f
ort
heappel
l
ant
sr
el
i
edont
hecaseofJamesBandomaVsRCATCr
i
mi
nal
AppealNo.
93of1999(
unr
epor
t
ed)cl
ai
mi
ngt
hatcor
r
obor
at
i
oni
nt
hi
scase
wasr
equi
r
ed.Ci
t
i
ngt
hecaseofDeemayDaat
i
,
HawaDur
baiandNada
Daat
iVsR CAT Cr
i
mi
nalAppealNo.
80of1994(
unr
epor
t
ed)t
heMr
.
Mar
andosai
dt
hatt
he“
r
at
i
odeci
dendi
”i
nt
hecasei
st
hatt
heev
i
denceofa
chi
l
doft
endery
ear
st
akenwi
t
houtconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e”exami
nat
i
on
br
i
ngst
heev
i
dencet
ot
hel
ev
elofunswor
nev
i
denceandcor
r
obor
at
i
onwi
l
l
ber
equi
r
ed,whi
chi
nt
hi
scase,wasl
acki
ng.TheCour
twasr
ef
er
r
edt
ot
he
casesofMut
ungaVsR(
2005)EA325,
andGabr
i
el
iMahol
aVsR(
1960)EA
169whi
chr
ei
t
er
at
edt
hesameposi
t
i
on.Mr
.Mar
andoal
soar
guedt
hatt
he
l
ear
ned Judgeonf
i
r
stappealmi
sdi
r
ect
ed hi
msel
fi
nt
hi
nki
ng t
hatt
he
pr
ov
i
si
onsofsect
i
on127(
7)coul
dbeappl
i
edi
ndependent
l
yofsect
i
on
127(
2)oft
heLawofEv
i
denceAct
.Sect
i
on127(
7)
,cont
endedt
hel
ear
ned
counself
ort
heappel
l
ant
s,doesnotr
epl
acesect
i
on127(
2)
.Hi
sopi
ni
on
wast
hatsect
i
on127(
7)i
sonl
yappl
i
cabl
ewher
et
her
ehasf
i
r
stbeen
compl
i
ance wi
t
h sect
i
on 127(
2)
. He sai
d al
t
hough sect
i
on 127(
2)i
s
concer
ned wi
t
hi
ndependentev
i
denceofachi
l
d,i
ti
snotdesi
gned t
o
11

abandon compl
i
ance wi
t
h sect
i
on 127(
2)
. Speaki
ng compar
at
i
v
el
y
bet
weenI
ndi
aandTanzani
abyr
el
y
i
ngonSar
karonEv
i
dence,t
hel
ear
ned
counself
ort
heappel
l
ant
ssai
dt
her
ei
sadi
f
f
er
encebet
weent
het
wo
count
r
i
es.Wher
easi
nI
ndi
ai
ti
sapr
el
i
mi
nar
yi
nqui
r
ywhi
chi
sconduct
ed
hencemaki
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e”exami
nat
i
onamat
t
erofpr
act
i
ce,
i
nTanzani
ai
ti
s
ast
at
ut
or
yr
equi
r
ement
.Her
ef
er
r
edust
ot
hecaseofSundayJumaVsR
(
supr
a)
,t
hel
at
estonedeci
dedbyt
heCour
t
,andur
gedust
odi
scountt
he
ev
i
dence oft
he chi
l
d wi
t
nesses t
aken wi
t
houtconduct
i
ng “
v
oi
r
e di
r
e”
exami
nat
i
onpr
oper
l
y
.
Respondi
ngt
ot
hi
sgr
oundofappeal
,Mr
.Mul
okozil
ear
nedPr
i
nci
pal
St
at
eAt
t
or
neyf
ort
her
espondentconceded t
hat“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e“
exami
nat
i
on
mustbeconduct
edpr
oper
l
yt
oascer
t
ai
nt
hecapaci
t
yandcompet
enceof
t
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessandt
hatt
hequest
i
onsaskedandt
heanswer
smustbeon
r
ecor
d.Hesai
dal
t
houghi
nt
hi
scaset
hequest
i
onsandanswer
swer
enot
putonr
ecor
d, af
i
ndi
ngwasmadebyt
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
et
hatapar
tf
r
om
PW3,
t
her
estoft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessesdi
dnotknowt
hemeani
ngofoat
h.He
al
so agr
eed t
hatf
ai
l
ur
et
o conduct“
v
oi
r
e di
r
e“
exami
nat
i
on pr
oper
l
y
r
educedt
heev
i
denceoft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesst
ot
hel
ev
elofunswor
nev
i
dence.
12

Her
el
i
edont
hecasesofHer
manHenj
ewel
eVsRCr
i
mi
nalAppealNo.
Cr
i
mi
nalAppealNo.164of2005(
unr
epor
t
ed)
.Hesai
dt
heef
f
ectofsuch
f
ai
l
ur
edoesnotj
ust
i
f
ydi
scount
i
ngoft
heev
i
dence.Rat
her
,i
tl
ower
st
he
v
al
ue oft
he ev
i
dence and undersuch ci
r
cumst
ancescor
r
obor
at
i
on i
s
r
equi
r
ed.Hewasoft
heopi
ni
ont
hatt
hecaseofSundayJuma(
supr
a)was
deci
ded“
peri
ncur
i
am,
”andheur
gedusnott
of
ol
l
owi
t
.Hesai
di
twoul
d
appeart
hatt
hecaseofHenj
ewel
e(
supr
a)wasnotbr
oughtt
ot
heat
t
ent
i
on
oft
heCour
t
.
Ont
heuseofsect
i
on127(
7)oft
heLawofEv
i
denceAct
,t
hel
ear
ned
Pr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neysai
di
twasusedt
oassesst
hecr
edi
bi
l
i
t
yoft
he
wi
t
nessesandt
her
easonswer
er
ecor
ded.Hesai
di
nt
er
msoft
hedeci
si
on
oft
hecaseofHenj
ewel
e(
supr
a)
,t
heev
i
denceoft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesseswas
t
r
eat
edast
hatofi
ndependentwi
t
nesses.Mr
.Massal
l
a,l
ear
nedSeni
or
St
at
eAt
t
or
ney
,
addedt
hatdespi
t
et
hei
r
r
egul
ar
i
t
yi
nconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e”
exami
nat
i
ont
hedeci
si
onoft
het
r
i
al
cour
tshoul
dbeuphel
d.
On t
hi
s gr
ound ofappealt
her
ei
s no doubtt
hatt
her
e was no
compl
i
ancewi
t
ht
hepr
ocedur
ef
orconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e”exami
nat
i
on.I
t
wasunf
or
t
unat
et
hatt
heer
r
orwascommi
t
t
edbyamagi
st
r
at
eofsucha
13

hi
ghexper
i
ence. Thet
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
edi
dnotr
ecor
dt
hequest
i
onst
hat
wer
eputt
ot
hewi
t
nessesandt
hei
ranswer
s.I
nst
ead,sheonl
yr
ecor
ded
whatshef
oundoutoft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesses;t
hatt
heyknew t
hedi
f
f
er
ence
bet
weent
het
r
ut
handl
i
esbutt
heydi
dnotknowt
hemeani
ngofoat
h.Out
oft
het
enchi
l
dr
en,i
twasonl
yonewhoknewt
hemeani
ngofoat
h.Sur
el
y
t
hatwas i
mpr
oper
. I
nt
he cases ofGabr
i
elMahol
i
(
supr
a)
,Sunday
Juma(
supr
a)andHenj
ewel
e(
supr
a) i
twascat
egor
i
cal
l
yst
at
edbyt
he
Cour
tt
hatbef
or
er
ecei
v
i
ngev
i
denceofawi
t
nessoft
enderage,t
het
r
i
al
cour
tmustascer
t
ai
nt
hatt
hechi
l
di
spossessedofsuf
f
i
ci
enti
nt
el
l
i
gence
t
oj
ust
i
f
yt
he r
ecept
i
on oft
he ev
i
dence and whet
her t
he wi
t
ness
under
st
andst
hedut
yofspeaki
ngt
het
r
ut
h.Thi
smustbedonebyr
ecor
di
ng
t
hequest
i
onandanswersessi
onconduct
edont
hechi
l
dwi
t
ness.I
ti
sonl
y
t
hent
het
r
i
alcour
tshoul
dpr
oceedt
odet
er
mi
newhet
hert
heev
i
dence
shoul
dber
ecei
v
edonoat
horwi
t
houtoat
h.
Fort
hef
ai
l
ur
et
ocompl
ywi
t
ht
hepr
ocedur
ef
orconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
e
di
r
e”exami
nat
i
onpr
oper
l
y
,t
hei
ssuebef
or
eusi
swhatwoul
dbet
heef
f
ect
oft
heomi
ssi
on?For
t
unat
el
yt
hi
si
sani
ssuewhi
chneednotdet
ai
nus.As
cor
r
ect
l
ypoi
nt
edoutbybot
ht
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
sandt
he
14

l
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
ney
,t
heposi
t
i
onoft
hel
aw i
sset
t
l
ed.The
omi
ssi
onbr
i
ngssuchev
i
dencet
oal
ev
elofunswor
nev
i
denceofachi
l
d
whi
chr
equi
r
escor
r
obor
at
i
on.Seet
hecasesofKi
si
r
iMwi
t
asR(
1981)
TLR
218,
Dhahi
r
iAl
l
yVR(
1989)TLR27,
DeemaDaat
iandt
woot
her
sVR CAT
Cr
i
mi
nalappealNo.
80of1994andHenj
ewel
a(
supr
a)
.I
nt
hi
sr
espectt
he
l
ear
nedJudgeonf
i
r
stappealwasr
i
ghtt
osayt
hatnoncompl
i
ancewi
t
ht
he
pr
ocedur
ef
orconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e’
’doesnotv
i
t
i
at
et
hepr
oceedi
ngs. I
n
t
hecaseofSundayJuma(
supr
a)t
heCour
taf
t
ermaki
ngaf
i
ndi
ngt
hatt
he
ev
i
dence ofa chi
l
d wi
t
ness was t
aken wi
t
houtcompl
i
ance wi
t
ht
he
pr
ocedur
ef
orconduct
i
ng“
v
oi
r
edi
r
e”exami
nat
i
onsai
d:

“
t
het
esti
smeantt
ol
ayt
hebasi
soft
he
Compet
enceandcr
edi
bi
l
i
t
yoft
he
Evi
denceoft
hechi
l
dsoast
ocompl
ywi
t
h
Sect
i
on127(
1)
!oft
heEvi
denceAct
.Fai
l
i
ng
i
nt
hi
st
est
,
t
her
ef
or
e,
i
sf
at
al
.Theevi
denceof
t
hechi
l
dMOZAOMARIi
sher
ebydi
scount
ed.
”(
Emphasi
s
added)
Mr
.Mar
andor
equest
edt
heCour
tt
of
ol
l
owt
hecaseofSundayJuma
15

t
oal
l
ow t
hi
sgr
oundofappeal
. Onourpar
tweagr
eewi
t
ht
hel
ear
ned
Pr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neyf
ort
her
espondentt
hatt
hecasewasdeci
ded“
per
i
ncur
i
am.
” TheCour
tdi
dnotgi
v
et
her
easonsf
ordepar
t
i
ngf
r
om t
he
pr
i
nci
pl
el
ai
ddowni
nt
hepr
ev
i
ouscasesandwehav
enor
easonsf
or
depar
t
i
ngf
r
om t
heal
r
eadyest
abl
i
shedpr
i
nci
pl
e. Thi
sgr
oundofappeal
t
her
ef
or
ef
ai
l
s.
Onwhet
hert
her
ewascor
r
obor
at
i
ont
osuppor
tt
heev
i
denceoft
he
chi
l
dwi
t
nesses,i
ti
samat
t
ert
obedeci
dedl
at
eri
nt
hecour
seoft
hi
s
j
udgment
.Butatt
hi
sj
unct
ur
e,
weent
i
r
el
yagr
eewi
t
hMr
.Mar
andot
hatt
he
pr
ov
i
si
onsofsect
i
on127(
7)do notov
er
r
i
det
hepr
ov
i
si
onsofsect
i
on
127(
2)
.Al
l
t
hatt
hesect
i
ondoesi
st
oal
l
owt
hecour
t
,
i
nsexual
of
f
ences,
t
o
assesst
hecr
edi
bi
l
i
t
yofa chi
l
d wi
t
nesswho i
st
heonl
yi
ndependent
wi
t
nessorav
i
ct
i
m ofcr
i
me,
andconv
i
ctwi
t
houtcor
r
obor
at
i
on,
i
ft
hecour
t
i
ssat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesst
ol
dnot
hi
ngbutt
het
r
ut
h.Thesect
i
on
r
eads:

“
Not
wi
t
hst
andi
ngt
hepr
ecedi
ngpr
ovi
si
ons
oft
hi
ssect
i
onwher
ei
ncr
i
mi
nalpr
oceedi
ngs
i
nvol
vi
ngsexualof
f
encet
heonl
yi
ndependent
16

evi
dencei
st
hatofachi
l
doft
enderyear
sorof
avi
ct
i
m oft
hesexualof
f
ence,
t
hecour
tshal
l
r
ecei
vet
heevi
denceandmayaf
t
erassessi
ng
t
hecr
edi
bi
l
i
t
yoft
heevi
denceoft
hechi
l
dof
t
enderyear
sor
,
ast
hecasemaybeoft
hevi
ct
i
m
oft
hesexualof
f
enceoni
t
sownmer
i
t
s,
not
wi
t
hst
andi
ngt
hatsuchevi
dencei
snot
cor
r
obor
at
ed,
pr
oceedt
oconvi
ct
,
i
ff
or
r
easonst
ober
ecor
dedi
nt
he
pr
oceedi
ngst
hecour
ti
ssat
i
sf
i
edt
hat
t
hechi
l
doft
enderyear
sort
hevi
ct
i
m
oft
hesexualof
f
encei
st
el
l
i
ngnot
hi
ng
butt
het
r
ut
h.
”(
Emphasi
sadded)
.
Fr
om t
hewor
di
ngoft
hesect
i
on,bef
or
et
hecour
tr
el
i
esont
he
ev
i
denceoft
hei
ndependentchi
l
dwi
t
nesst
oent
eraconv
i
ct
i
on,i
tmustbe
sat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesst
ol
dnot
hi
ngbutt
het
r
ut
h.Thi
smeanst
hat
,
t
her
emustf
i
r
stbecompl
i
ancewi
t
hsect
i
on127(
2)bef
or
ei
nv
ol
v
i
ngsect
i
on
127(
7)oft
heEv
i
denceAct
;“
Voi
r
edi
r
e”exami
nat
i
onmustbeconduct
edt
o
ascer
t
ai
n whet
her t
he chi
l
d possesses suf
f
i
ci
ent i
nt
el
l
i
gence and
under
st
andst
hedut
yt
ospeakt
het
r
ut
h.I
ft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessunder
st
ands
t
hedut
yt
ospeakt
het
r
ut
h,i
ti
sonl
yt
heni
t
sev
i
dencecanber
el
i
edonf
or
17

conv
i
ct
i
onwi
t
houtanycor
r
obor
at
i
onot
her
wi
set
heposi
t
i
onoft
hel
aw
r
emai
nst
hesame,t
hati
st
osayt
hatunswor
nev
i
denceofachi
l
dwi
t
ness
r
equi
r
escor
r
obor
at
i
on. OSDORN`
S CONCI
SE LAW DI
CTI
ONARY 7th Ed.
P.
95def
i
nes.

“
cor
r
obor
at
i
onasi
ndependentevi
dencewhi
ch
i
mpl
i
cat
esaper
sonaccusedofacr
i
meby
connect
i
nghi
m wi
t
hi
t
;
evi
dencewhi
ch
conf
i
r
msi
nsomemat
er
i
alpar
t
i
cul
arnot
onl
yt
hatt
hecr
i
mehasbeencommi
t
t
ed
butal
sot
hatt
heaccusedcommi
t
t
edi
t
”
.
Forgr
ounds 16,17 and 19 t
he l
ear
ned counself
ort
he
appel
l
ant
sar
guedt
hem t
oget
her
.Thegr
oundsar
econcer
nedwi
t
hf
ai
l
ur
e
byt
hel
ear
nedJudget
omakea f
i
ndi
ngt
ot
heef
f
ectt
hatt
het
r
i
alcour
t
oughtt
ohav
emadeaf
i
ndi
ngi
nr
espectofeachcount
,er
r
edi
nr
ej
ect
i
ng
t
hedef
enceofal
i
bir
ai
sedbyt
heappel
l
ant
sandf
ai
l
ur
et
odr
aw adv
er
se
i
nf
er
enceagai
nstt
hepr
osecut
i
onf
or r
ef
usalt
ocal
lmat
er
i
alwi
t
nesses.
Thel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
sar
guedv
i
gor
ousl
yt
hatt
hel
ear
ned
Judgeonf
i
r
stappealer
r
edf
ornothol
di
ngt
hatt
het
r
i
alcour
toughtt
ohav
e
madeaf
i
ndi
ngi
nr
espectofeachcountonwhet
heri
twas pr
ov
edornot
.
18

Thel
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neydi
dnotmakeanyr
esponseont
hi
s
gr
ound.Wi
t
hgr
eatr
espectt
ot
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
,our
v
i
ewont
hi
sgr
oundi
st
hat
,
i
twasnotr
ai
sedasaspeci
f
i
cgr
oundofappeal
i
nt
heHi
ghCour
t
. Thef
i
r
stappel
l
at
eJudgecannotbef
aul
t
edf
ornot
maki
ngadeci
si
ononamat
t
erwhi
chwasnotspeci
f
i
cal
l
ybr
oughtbef
or
e
hi
m.Thepet
i
t
i
onofappealf
i
l
edi
nt
heHi
ghCour
tatpages579t
o601of
t
her
ecor
dofappeal
has25gr
oundsofappeal
butnoneoft
hem chal
l
enged
t
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
ef
orf
ai
l
ur
et
osaywhet
herornoteachcountwaspr
ov
ed
andt
hataconv
i
ct
i
onoughtt
ohav
ebeenent
er
edi
nr
espectofeachcount
.
Howev
er
,weagr
eewi
t
ht
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
antt
hati
twas
wr
ongf
ort
het
r
i
alcour
tt
oent
eranomni
busconv
i
ct
i
oni
nr
espectofal
lt
he
count
s.The t
r
i
alcour
toughtt
o hav
e scr
ut
i
ni
zed each countand t
he
ev
i
denceadducedi
nsuppor
tofeachcountaswel
last
hedef
enceofeach
appel
l
ant
,andt
henmakeaf
i
ndi
ngonwhet
herornoteachcountwasor
was notpr
ov
ed.

The omi
ssi
on howev
erwas notf
at
al
. I
twas a

mi
sdi
r
ect
i
onwhi
chi
scur
abl
eundersect
i
on388oft
heCr
i
mi
nalPr
ocedur
e
Act
,CAP20R.
E.
2002.Wewi
l
lcomet
ot
hi
saspectl
at
erwhendi
scussi
ng
gr
ound18.
19

On gr
ounds No.17 and 19 t
he l
ear
ned counself
ort
he
appel
l
ant
sat
t
ackedt
hel
ear
nedJudgeonf
i
r
stappealf
orf
ai
l
ur
et
omakea
f
i
ndi
ngt
hatt
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
ewasbi
asedanddi
dnotaccor
dt
hedef
ence
oft
he appel
l
ant
st
he wei
ghti
tdeser
v
ed. The t
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
e was
par
t
i
cul
ar
l
yat
t
ackedf
ort
hest
y
l
eadopt
edi
nwr
i
t
i
ngt
hej
udgment
.The
j
udgment
,Mr
.Mar
andosai
d,makesundeser
v
i
ngr
emar
ksont
hedef
ence
wi
t
nesses,hencesuggest
i
ngt
hatt
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
ewasbi
asedandhad
f
or
medherownopi
ni
onaboutt
hecase.I
nst
eadofmaki
ngherdeci
si
onby
anal
y
si
ngt
heev
i
denceonr
ecor
d,shedeci
dedt
hecasebasi
ngi
tonher
ownopi
ni
on.Thel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
ssubmi
t
t
edext
ensi
v
el
y
aboutt
hedef
enceofal
i
bir
el
i
eduponbyt
heappel
l
ant
st
osayt
hatt
her
e
wasnopossi
bi
l
i
t
yf
ort
hem t
ohav
ecommi
t
t
edt
heof
f
encesathouse
No.
607.Fort
hef
i
r
stappel
l
ant
,
t
hel
ear
nedcounsel
sai
dhewasnotl
i
v
i
ngi
n
t
hehouseandatal
lmat
er
i
alt
i
mest
hehousewasoccupi
edbypeopl
e;
namel
yhi
smot
herone El
ombee andahousegi
r
l
. Thef
i
r
stt
ot
hi
r
d
appel
l
ant
swer
eal
somusi
ci
ans.I
n2003t
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antwasi
nAchi
go
Band. OnMonday
st
oFr
i
day
swhent
heywer
enoti
nbands,t
heydi
d
r
ehear
sal
sathouseNO.
607.Thesecondandt
hi
r
dappel
l
ant
swer
ei
nFM
20

Academi
aandt
heydi
dt
hei
rr
ehear
sal
satapl
acecal
l
edChet
embaand
t
heydi
dsev
er
alper
f
or
mancesout
si
deDaresSal
aam i
ncl
udi
ngAr
usha,
Mwanza,DodomaandMoshi
. Thef
our
t
happel
l
antwasasecondar
y
schoolst
udentatMbeziSecondar
ySchoolandhewoul
dbeat
t
endi
ng
cl
asses. Remar
ki
ngont
henot
esmadebyt
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
eont
he
j
udgmentgi
v
i
ngheropi
ni
onont
heev
i
denceoft
hedef
ence,t
hel
ear
ned
counself
ort
heappel
l
ant
sl
ament
edt
hatt
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
eseemedt
o
hav
ei
gnor
edt
hedef
enceoft
heappel
l
ant
sandt
hesev
er
alwi
t
nessest
hey
summonedt
osuppor
tt
hei
rcase,andhadal
r
eadyf
or
medherownopi
ni
on
aboutt
hecase.Hesai
df
ori
nst
anceatpage542oft
her
ecor
dofappeali
t
i
sr
ecor
dedt
hat
:

“
Thesecondaccusedper
sont
est
i
f
i
edhavi
ng
r
ecor
dedal
bum wi
t
hJudi
t
hWambur
ai
nAugust
orSept
ember2003atunknowndat
es.
”
Thent
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
emadet
hef
ol
l
owi
ngr
emar
ks:
“
Cour
t
:Sowhat
?Rel
evancet
ot
hechar
ges?”Mr
.Mar
andosai
d
si
mi
l
arundeser
v
i
ngr
emar
ksar
er
epeat
edi
nt
hej
udgmenti
nr
espectoft
he
def
encewi
t
nessesbutnot
hi
ngwassai
di
nr
espectof t
hepr
osecut
i
on
wi
t
nesses.Thedut
yoft
het
r
i
alcour
t
,sai
dMr
.Mar
ando,wast
oev
al
uat
e
t
hedef
enceev
i
denceandt
hensaywhyt
hewi
t
nesseswer
edi
scr
edi
t
ed.
21

Thel
ear
nedcounsel
f
ort
heappel
l
ant
sal
sosubmi
t
t
edatl
engt
habout
t
hepr
osecut
i
onwi
t
nesses,cl
ai
mi
ngt
hat
,t
het
r
i
alcour
tmadeani
mpr
oper
anddi
scr
i
mi
nat
i
v
eev
al
uat
i
onoft
heev
i
dence.Ashet
r
av
er
sedt
hr
ought
he
pr
osecut
i
onev
i
dence,t
hel
ear
nedcounselsai
dt
heev
i
denceadducedby
t
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessesdi
dnotpr
ov
et
hatt
heof
f
enceswer
ecommi
t
t
edbyt
he
appel
l
ant
sandt
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessesappeart
ohav
ebeencouchedonwhat
t
ot
el
lt
hecour
t
.Remar
ki
ngont
heev
i
dencet
hatwasl
ed byAzaHassan
(
PW5)
,t
hel
ear
nedcounselsai
dPW5t
est
i
f
i
edt
hatt
hef
i
f
t
haccusedwho
wasj
oi
nt
l
ychar
gedwi
t
ht
heappel
l
ant
sbutwasacqui
t
t
ed,sai
dt
hatt
he
f
i
f
t
haccusedwasherEngl
i
sht
eacher
,amat
t
erwhi
chwasdeni
edbyt
he
f
i
f
t
haccused.Theev
i
denceofPW5,addedMr
.Mar
ando,doesnotshow
how t
heappel
l
ant
swer
econnect
edwi
t
ht
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ences
andnospeci
f
i
cdat
esf
ort
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
encesar
ei
ndi
cat
ed,
hencecount
s1and2wer
enotpr
ov
ed,muchast
hemedi
calr
epor
tbyDr
.
Pet
r
oni
l
aNgi
l
oi
,
(
PW20)sai
dt
hat Ashawassexual
l
yabused.Hef
ur
t
her
sai
dt
hatt
het
wocount
sdi
dnotspeci
f
ywhot
hev
i
ct
i
msoft
heof
f
ences
wer
e,andi
twaswr
ongf
ort
het
r
i
alcour
tt
oassumet
hatt
hev
i
ct
i
m oft
he
of
f
encewasAzaHassan. Mr
.Mar
andosai
dt
het
r
i
alPr
i
nci
palResi
dent
22

Magi
st
r
at
edi
dnotaccor
dt
hedef
enceev
i
dencet
hesamet
r
eat
ment
.
Thel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
sal
sosai
dt
hat
,t
her
ewasan
omi
ssi
onbyt
hepr
osecut
i
ont
o summon mat
er
i
alwi
t
nesseswhocoul
d
hav
ecor
r
obor
at
edt
heev
i
denceoft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nessest
hatt
heywer
eseen
goi
ngt
ohouseNo.
607.Suchwi
t
nessesi
ncl
udedoneMangi
,
anownerofa
cont
ai
neroper
at
edasashopi
nf
r
ontofHouseNo.607,nei
ghbour
s,one
Zi
z
elment
i
onedbyPW2t
ohav
ei
nt
r
oducedhert
ot
he1stappel
l
antandone
Cheupe,ast
udentatMashuj
aaPr
i
mar
ySchoolwhowassai
dt
ohav
e
abduct
edt
hev
i
ct
i
msoft
hecr
i
meandt
akent
hem t
ohouseNo.
607ont
he
i
nst
r
uct
i
onsoft
heappel
l
ant
s.
Onhi
spar
tt
hel
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neywasv
er
ybr
i
ef
.He
sai
dt
her
ewasnodi
scr
i
mi
nat
i
oni
nt
heassessmentoft
heev
i
dencet
hat
wasl
eddur
i
ngt
het
r
i
al
.Regar
di
ngt
her
emar
ksmadebyt
het
r
i
al
magi
st
r
at
e
on t
he j
udgment
,t
he l
ear
ned St
at
e At
t
or
neysai
d she t
ook whatshe
consi
der
edi
mpor
t
antf
orpur
posesofassessi
ngt
hedemeanouroft
he
wi
t
nesses.

Hi
s opi
ni
on was t
hatev
en i
ft
her
e ar
ei
r
r
egul
ar
i
t
i
es i
n

composi
ng t
he j
udgment
,t
heyar
e cur
abl
e undersect
i
on 388 oft
he
Cr
i
mi
nal
Pr
ocedur
eAct
.
23

Thet
wogr
oundsofappealneednotdet
ai
nus.Thel
ear
nedJudgeon
f
i
r
stappealcor
r
ect
l
yobser
v
edt
hatt
het
r
i
alPr
i
nci
palResi
dentMagi
st
r
at
e
dwel
tt
oomuchont
hecont
r
adi
ct
i
oni
nt
hedef
encecase,
buta conv
i
ct
i
on
i
ncr
i
mi
nalcasesi
snev
erbasedont
hecont
r
adi
ct
i
onsi
nt
hedef
encecase
butr
at
heront
heev
i
denceadducedbyt
he pr
osecut
i
onwi
t
nesses. I
n
ot
herwor
dst
hebur
denofpr
oofi
ncr
i
mi
nalcasesl
i
esont
hepr
osecut
i
on
ev
i
denceandnotont
hedef
enceandt
hest
andar
di
sbey
ondr
easonabl
e
doubt
. Di
scr
epanci
esandcont
r
adi
ct
i
onsi
ndef
enceev
i
dencemayonl
y
assi
stt
hecour
ti
nassessi
ngt
hewhol
eev
i
dencet
oascer
t
ai
nwhet
hert
he
pr
osecut
i
ondi
schar
gedt
hebur
denofpr
oofbutweaknessesi
nt
hedef
ence
casecannotbet
hebasi
sf
ort
heconv
i
ct
i
onoft
heaccused.Ther
ei
sal
i
ne
ofaut
hor
i
t
i
esont
hi
spoi
nt
. Seef
ori
nst
ancet
hecaseofSamwelSi
l
anga
v
R(
1993)T.
L.
R149.
Asf
ort
hej
udgment
,sect
i
on312oft
heCr
i
mi
nalPr
ocedur
eAct
,CAP
20R.
E.
2002gi
v
esa gui
danceont
hecont
ent
sofaj
udgment
.I
nt
er
msof
t
hesai
dpr
ov
i
si
on,t
hewr
i
t
i
ngofaj
udgmenti
sast
y
l
e,andi
ti
saper
sonal
exper
i
ence.Whati
si
mpor
t
anti
st
hatt
hej
udgment mustcont
ai
npoi
nt
s
f
ordet
er
mi
nat
i
on,t
he deci
si
on oft
he cour
tand t
he r
easons f
ort
he
24

deci
si
on.Oncet
hati
scompl
i
edwi
t
h,anyaddi
t
i
onst
ot
hej
udgmenti
sa
cosmet
i
cal
t
houghatt
i
mes,
maybeadv
er
set
ot
hepar
t
i
es.Fort
hi
sr
eason
weemphasi
set
hei
mpor
t
anceofav
oi
di
ngmaki
ngr
emar
ksi
nt
hej
udgment
whi
chdonotr
ef
l
ecti
mpar
t
i
al
i
t
y
. I
nt
hi
scase,weagr
eewi
t
ht
hel
ear
ned
counself
ort
heappel
l
ant
st
hatt
her
emar
ksmadebyt
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
e
wer
eunwar
r
ant
edundert
heci
r
cumst
ances, mor
esobecauset
heywer
e
onesi
ded. Butast
hel
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neysai
d,t
hedef
ecti
s
cur
abl
eundersect
i
on388oft
heCr
i
mi
nal
Pr
ocedur
eAct
.
Regar
di
ng t
he f
ai
l
ur
e byt
he pr
osecut
i
on t
o summon i
mpor
t
ant
wi
t
nessest
ocor
r
obor
at
et
heev
i
denceoft
hechi
l
dwi
t
nesses,
wemustsay
t
hatt
hi
sgr
oundl
acksmer
i
tbecauset
hequest
i
onofwhi
chwi
t
nessshoul
d
besummonedt
opr
ov
et
hepr
osecut
i
oncaser
est
sont
hepr
osecut
i
on.
Mor
eov
er
,i
ti
snott
henumberofwi
t
nesseswhi
chmat
t
er
sbutr
at
heri
ti
s
t
hecr
edi
bi
l
i
t
yoft
het
est
i
monywhi
chi
si
mpor
t
antandt
hati
swhysect
i
on
143 oft
he Ev
i
dence ActCAP 6 R.
E.2002 di
sr
egar
ds t
he numberof
wi
t
nessesr
equi
r
edt
opr
ov
eacer
t
ai
ni
ssue. Wesai
dear
l
i
eront
hati
nt
he
cour
seofanal
y
si
ngt
heev
i
dencet
oseei
feachoft
hecount
swasorwas
notpr
ov
ed,wewi
l
ldi
scusswhet
hert
her
ewascor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
dencet
o
25

suppor
tt
heconv
i
ct
i
onoft
heappel
l
ant
s.
Asf
orgr
ound18,t
hel
ear
nedJudgeonf
i
r
stappealwasf
aul
t
edf
or
nothol
di
ngt
hatt
hedef
enceoft
he2nd,3rd,and4th appel
l
ant
swasnot
pr
oper
l
yassessed and t
hei
rdef
ence was r
ej
ect
ed wi
t
houtgi
v
i
ng any
r
easons.I
nsuppor
toft
hi
sgr
ound,
Mr
.Mar
andosai
dt
hedef
enceev
i
dence
wasnotev
al
uat
edandt
her
easonsf
ort
her
ej
ect
i
onoft
heev
i
dencewer
e
notgi
v
en.Hesai
dev
eni
ft
hedef
enceofal
i
bi
wasnotpar
t
i
cul
ar
i
sedort
hat
t
heappel
l
ant
s t
ol
dl
i
es,st
i
l
l
,t
hepr
osecut
i
onhadt
hedut
yofpr
ov
i
ngt
he
char
ges bey
ond r
easonabl
e doubt
.Rel
y
i
ng on t
he case ofPhi
l
emon
YahanaSangaVsRCATCr
i
mi
nalAppealNo.
90of2000(
unr
epor
t
ed)and
Sar
karonCr
i
mi
nalPr
ocedur
eont
hecont
ent
soft
hej
udgment
,t
hel
ear
ned
counself
ort
heappel
l
ant
ssai
dt
hatt
hej
udgmentshoul
dal
way
sbebased
ont
heev
i
denceadducedandnotont
heper
sonal
opi
ni
onoft
hemagi
st
r
at
e.
Her
equest
edt
heCour
tt
oev
al
uat
et
hedef
enceev
i
denceandt
r
eati
tf
ai
r
l
y
.
Ongr
ound13,t
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
antsai
dt
he1st
appel
l
antbr
oughtwi
t
nessesf
r
om Achi
goBandandt
heygav
eat
i
met
abl
e
f
ort
hei
rr
ehear
sal
st
hatt
heywer
econduct
edf
r
om Monday
st
oThur
sday
s
butt
hatev
i
dencewasi
gnor
ed.Hepr
ay
edt
ot
heCour
tt
ogi
v
et
hedef
ence
26

ev
i
dencet
hewei
ghtt
hatwasr
equi
r
ed. Ont
heev
i
denceofPW20,t
he
l
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
ssai
dherexper
topi
ni
onwast
hat
,PW5
wasav
i
r
gi
n and such ev
i
denceshoul
d hav
egi
v
en t
heappel
l
ant
st
he
benef
i
tofdoubt
.Hesai
dal
t
hought
heydonothav
eany
t
hi
ngadv
er
set
o
expl
ai
nwhyt
hechar
geswer
epr
ef
er
r
edagai
nstt
heappel
l
ant
s, i
twas
wor
t
hy consi
der
i
ng whet
hert
her
e was no f
oulpl
ay i
n char
gi
ng t
he
appel
l
ant
sandwhet
hert
heof
f
enceswer
epr
ov
ed.Hesai
di
naccor
dance
wi
t
ht
heev
i
denceofPW2whenshewasexami
nedatMwanany
amal
a
Hospi
t
al
,shewasf
oundt
ohav
econt
act
edav
ener
ealdi
seasebutt
hePF3
f
or
m wasnott
ender
edi
ncour
tasev
i
dencet
opr
ov
et
hi
sf
actandev
en
PW20whoexami
nedheron22/
10/
2003sai
dshehadnov
ener
eal
di
seases.
Thel
ear
nedcounseladdedt
hatt
hedoct
or
’
sev
i
dencewasonl
yi
mpor
t
ant
t
opr
ov
ewhet
herornott
her
ewasr
apeorsodomybutnott
heper
sonwho
commi
t
t
edt
heof
f
ences. Hewasoft
heopi
ni
ont
hati
ft
heappel
l
ant
s
commi
t
t
edt
heof
f
encest
heydeser
v
ebei
ngcondemned;ot
her
wi
set
hey
shoul
dal
lbesetf
r
ee.Onhi
spar
t
,
Mr
.Mbwezel
enil
ear
nedcounselagr
eed
wi
t
hhi
scol
l
eagueandaddedt
hatt
hesi
decomment
sont
hej
udgment
gav
eawr
ongi
mpr
essi
onandshoul
dnothav
ebeenmadeatal
l
.Hewasof
27

t
heopi
ni
ont
hatt
hecasewasf
r
amedup.
Respondi
ng t
ot
he submi
ssi
ons by t
he l
ear
ned counself
ort
he
appel
l
ant
s,
Mr
.Mul
okozi
,
l
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neysai
dt
hei
nci
dent
s
t
ookpl
acer
epeat
edl
yandbot
hcour
t
swer
esat
i
sf
i
edwi
t
ht
heassessment
oft
heev
i
denceandt
hati
ft
het
r
i
alcour
twassat
i
sf
i
edwi
t
honesi
de,t
her
e
wasnoneedf
ort
r
ust
i
ngt
heot
hersi
de.Hesai
dt
hedef
enceofal
i
biwas
pr
oper
l
yr
ej
ect
ed,becausepar
t
i
cul
ar
swer
enotsuppl
i
edasr
equi
r
edbyt
he
pr
ov
i
si
onsoft
hel
aw.Ont
hesuggest
i
onbyMr
.Mar
andot
hatt
heev
i
dence
wascookedup,
t
hel
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
eAt
t
or
neysai
dt
hatl
ackssuppor
t
andshoul
dnotbeconsi
der
ed.Regar
di
ngt
heev
i
denceofFar
i
da,whowas
sai
dt
obet
hegi
r
l
f
r
i
endoft
he1stappel
l
ant
,Mr
.Mul
okozisai
dsheshoul
d
notbet
r
ust
ed.Hesai
dPW1,
PW4,
PW6,
PW7,
PW10,
PW16,
PW17,
PW18,
PW19andt
hei
nv
est
i
gat
orwer
ei
ndependentwi
t
nessesr
el
i
eduponbyt
he
t
r
i
alcour
tt
oconv
i
ctt
heappel
l
ant
s. Headdedt
hatt
heev
i
denceoft
he
doct
orwast
ot
heef
f
ectt
hatt
hechi
l
dr
enwer
esexual
l
yabusedandt
het
r
i
al
cour
twas j
ust
i
f
i
ed t
o di
sr
egar
dt
he def
ence ofal
i
biand conv
i
ctt
he
appel
l
ant
s.Hi
sopi
ni
onwast
hatt
hecasewasanexcept
i
onalone,
andt
he
cour
tl
ookedatal
lt
heci
r
cumst
ancesbef
or
ear
r
i
v
i
ngati
t
sdeci
si
onandi
n
28

sodoi
ng,t
her
ewasnoshi
f
t
i
ngoft
hebur
denofpr
oof
.Hepr
ay
edt
hatt
he
appeal
bedi
smi
ssed.
I
nabr
i
efr
epl
y
,t
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
ssai
di
twas
wr
ongf
ort
het
r
i
alcour
tt
or
ej
ectt
hedef
enceofal
i
biev
eni
fnopar
t
i
cul
ar
s
wer
esuppl
i
edt
ot
hepr
osecut
i
on. Henot
edt
hatt
hepar
t
i
cul
ar
soft
he
f
our
t
happel
l
antwer
egi
v
eni
nt
hechar
gesheetandt
heyshoul
dhav
ebeen
usedbyt
hepr
osecut
i
ont
oascer
t
ai
nt
het
r
ueposi
t
i
on.Her
epeat
edhi
s
ear
l
i
ersubmi
ssi
ont
hathouseno.607wasacent
r
eofbusi
nessact
i
v
i
t
i
es
andi
twasi
mpossi
bl
ef
ort
hecompl
ai
nant
st
ogoi
nt
ot
hehouseandbe
r
apedwi
t
houtbei
ngnot
i
ced.Ont
her
emar
ksbyt
hel
ear
nedPr
i
nci
palSt
at
e
At
t
or
neyt
hataf
t
ert
het
r
i
alcour
thadbel
i
ev
edt
hepr
osecut
i
onev
i
dence
t
heyhadnor
easont
ol
ookatt
heot
hersi
de,t
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
he
appel
l
ant
ssai
dt
hatwasnott
heposi
t
i
onoft
hel
aw.Thedut
yoft
het
r
i
al
cour
twast
oassesst
heev
i
dencef
orbot
hsi
desandt
henmakeadeci
si
on
and gi
v
er
easons f
orbel
i
ev
i
ng one si
de and di
sbel
i
ev
i
ng t
he ot
her
.
Accor
di
ngt
oMr
.Mar
andot
hepr
osecut
i
onwasr
equest
edt
oassi
sti
n
t
aki
ngt
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antt
ohospi
t
alf
orex
ami
nat
i
onofhi
spot
encyi
nor
der
t
oascer
t
ai
nwhet
herhewasf
unct
i
oni
ngbutt
her
equestwast
ur
neddown.
29

Asf
ort
heev
i
denceoft
hedoct
or
,t
hel
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
s
sai
di
twasi
mpor
t
antt
opr
ov
et
he“
act
usr
eus”butnott
heper
sonwho
commi
t
t
ed t
he of
f
ence.

Mr
.Mbwezel
eniadded t
hatt
he appel
l
ant
s

showedv
ar
i
ousdi
scr
epanci
esi
nt
hepr
osecut
i
oncasehencegi
v
i
ngt
he
appel
l
ant
st
hebenef
i
tofdoubtandsot
heappealshoul
dbeal
l
owedand
appel
l
ant
sbesetf
r
ee.
Ear
l
i
eron,wesai
dt
hati
twasmandat
or
yf
ort
het
r
i
alcour
tt
ohav
e
madeaf
i
ndi
ngi
nr
espectofeachcountandnott
oent
eranomni
bus
conv
i
ct
i
on.I
ti
snowanoppor
t
unet
i
mef
orust
odealwi
t
ht
hemat
t
erandi
n
sodoi
ng;
webel
i
ev
et
hatt
her
estoft
hegr
oundsofappeal
wi
l
l
beanswer
ed.
Asal
r
eadyi
ndi
cat
edi
nt
hi
sj
udgment,t
he l
ear
nedJudgeonf
i
r
stappeal
made a f
i
ndi
ng t
hatt
he

ev
i
dence t
hatwas adduced pr
ov
ed t
he

commi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
enceofgangr
apecont
r
ar
yt
osect
i
on131Aoft
he
PenalCodeasamendedbySOSPA. Thel
eanedJudgeonf
i
r
stappeal
howev
er
,di
d notsayany
t
hi
ng aboutt
he unnat
ur
alof
f
ences. AsMr
.
Mar
ando,l
ear
nedcounself
ort
heappel
l
ant
swasaskedt
oaddr
essuson
t
hemat
t
er
,hecat
egor
i
cal
l
yst
at
edt
hatt
hel
aw doesnotpr
ov
i
def
ort
he
of
f
enceofgangsodomy
,andsoi
ft
hepr
osecut
i
onwant
edt
ochar
get
he
30

appel
l
ant
swi
t
ht
heunnat
ur
alof
f
ences,t
heyshoul
dhav
ebr
oughtsepar
at
e
char
gesofunnat
ur
alof
f
encei
nr
espectofeachoft
heappel
l
antandnott
o
char
get
hem j
oi
nt
l
y
. Weagr
eewi
t
hMr
.Mar
andot
hatt
hel
aw doesnot
pr
ov
i
def
ort
heof
f
enceofgangsodomyandt
heappel
l
ant
sshoul
dhav
e
beenchar
gedsepar
at
el
yf
oreachoft
heunnat
ur
alof
f
encesal
l
egedt
ohav
e
beencommi
t
t
edbyeachoft
heappel
l
ant
.Butasal
r
eadyst
at
edt
hel
ear
ned
j
udgeonf
i
r
stappealsai
dt
heev
i
dencepr
ov
edgangr
ape.Ourconsi
der
ed
opi
ni
on i
st
hati
twaswr
ong t
o char
get
heappel
l
ant
sj
oi
nt
l
ywi
t
ht
he
of
f
enceofunnat
ur
alof
f
ences becauset
hel
awdoesnotpr
ov
i
def
organg
sodomy
.Each appel
l
at
e shoul
d hav
e been char
ged separ
at
el
yf
ort
he
unnat
ur
alof
f
ences. Weal
l
ow t
heappealbyal
lt
heappel
l
ant
sont
he
unnat
ur
al
of
f
ences,
setasi
det
heconv
i
ct
i
onsandor
dert
hei
racqui
t
t
al
.
Comi
ngt
ot
heof
f
encesofr
ape,t
hef
i
r
stcounti
si
nr
espectofAza
Hussei
n(
PW12)
. Al
lt
heappel
l
ant
sar
eal
l
egedt
ohav
ecommi
t
t
edt
he
of
f
enceagai
nstheron11th Oct
ober
,2003athouseNo.607atSi
nzaB.I
n
hert
est
i
monyPW12sai
dt
hati
twasal
lt
heappel
l
ant
swhor
apedherand
shewasr
apeddur
i
ngschoolday
s.Howev
er
,t
het
est
i
monyofF4468PC
Samwel(
PW23)wast
ot
heef
f
ectt
haton11thOct
ober
,
2003aSat
ur
day
,
he
31

ar
r
est
edt
he1st appel
l
ant
.Ther
estoft
heappel
l
ant
swer
ear
r
est
edon12th
Oct
ober
,2003byC.9744Dt
.Cor
p.Jor
dan(
PW 24)
. Accor
di
ngt
ot
he
ev
i
denceoft
hedoct
or(
PW20)andt
hePF3f
or
m(
exhi
bi
tP4)
,PW 12was
sexual
l
yabused.Gi
v
ent
hedi
scr
epancyi
nt
hepr
osecut
i
onev
i
denceont
he
dat
eoft
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ence,aSat
ur
daywhi
cht
heCour
tt
akes
j
udi
ci
alnot
i
ceundersect
i
on59(
1)(
a)oft
heLaw ofEv
i
denceActCAP6
R.
E.
2002 t
hatSat
ur
day
s,ar
e non wor
ki
ng day
s,whi
l
e PW12 sai
dt
he
of
f
enceswer
ecommi
t
t
edonwor
ki
ngday
s,
wef
i
ndt
hatt
hef
i
r
stcountwas
notpr
ov
ed.Theappel
l
ant
sar
eaccor
di
ngl
yacqui
t
t
ed.
RehemaMgweno(
PW5)i
st
hev
i
ct
i
m oft
het
hi
r
dcount
,al
l
egedt
o
hav
e been commi
t
t
ed by al
lt
he appel
l
ant
s bet
ween Sept
emberand
Oct
ober
,
2003.Accor
di
ngt
oPW5shewasr
apedbyt
he1stappel
l
antandhe
al
soor
der
edhert
osuckhi
speni
s.Hadi
j
aOmar
i(
PW6)
,
t
hemot
herofPW5
di
dav
i
sualexami
nat
i
onofPW5’
sv
agi
naandshesai
di
twasenl
ar
ged.But
PW20,
amedi
calspeci
al
i
stsai
dassheex
ami
nedPW5shesawnosi
gnsof
sexualabuse.Wi
t
hsuchadi
scr
epancyi
nt
hepr
osecut
i
onev
i
dence,
al
lt
he
appel
l
ant
sar
egi
v
enabenef
i
tofdoubtandt
heyar
eal
l
acqui
t
t
ed.
I
nt
hef
i
f
t
hcountt
hev
i
ct
i
mi
sAl
i
ci
aLongi
no(
PW3)
.Theof
f
encei
s
32

al
l
egedt
ohav
ebeencommi
t
t
edbyal
lt
heappel
l
ant
satunknowndayof
Oct
ober
,2003.Hert
est
i
monywhi
chwast
akenonoat
hwast
ot
heef
f
ect
t
hatshewasr
apedsev
er
alt
i
mesbyal
lt
heappel
l
ant
s. Howev
ert
he
medi
calexami
nat
i
onbyPW20r
ev
eal
edt
hatt
her
ewer
enosi
gnsofbei
ng
r
apedbutt
hewassodomi
zed; Fort
her
easonswehav
ei
ndi
cat
ed,al
lt
he
unnat
ur
alof
f
enceswer
edi
smi
ssed.Thef
i
f
t
hcounti
sequal
l
ydi
smi
ssed
andal
l
t
heappel
l
ant
sacqui
t
t
ed.
The7th counti
si
nr
espectofI
sabel
aAngoni
l
e(
PW9)
,al
soal
l
egedt
o
hav
ehasbeenr
apedbyal
lt
heappel
l
ant
satunknownt
i
medur
i
ngt
he
mont
hofSept
ember
,2003.PW9t
est
i
f
i
edt
hatYasi
nt
aMbel
et
ol
dhert
he
nameoft
he1stappel
l
antandt
hathedi
shesoutmoney
.I
nt
hecompanyof
Gi
f
t
,Al
i
si
a,Aza,Dei
,Ami
naandShemsaandYasi
nt
aMbel
ePW9wentt
o
t
her
esi
denceoft
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antathouseNo.
607. Accor
di
ngt
ot
he
wi
t
ness,al
lt
heappel
l
ant
swer
et
her
e.Thef
i
r
stappel
l
antcov
er
edherf
ace
wi
t
habl
ackcl
ot
handaf
t
erheoi
l
edherpr
i
v
at
epar
t
s,hehadsexwi
t
hher
.
Af
t
ert
hesexualact
,
t
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antwashedherandt
henor
der
edhert
o
suckhi
speni
swhi
ch had woundsand shedi
di
tal
t
hough

shef
el
t

nauseat
ed.PW9sai
dshef
el
tpai
nsbutshedi
dnotr
ev
ealt
hei
nf
or
mat
i
on
33

t
ohermot
herbecauset
heappel
l
antt
hr
eat
enedt
oki
l
l
her
.Ont
hatdayshe
wasgi
v
enshi
l
l
i
ngs300/
=.Asshegav
eev
i
denceshewasabl
et
oi
dent
i
f
y
t
hef
i
r
standsecondappel
l
ant
sbyt
hei
rnames. Ther
estoft
heappel
l
ant
s
shei
dent
i
f
i
edt
hem byappear
ances.Accor
di
ngt
ot
hewi
t
nesst
hesexual
act
s wer
er
epeat
ed sev
er
alt
i
mes and att
i
mes ev
en t
he r
estoft
he
appel
l
ant
shadsexwi
t
hher
.Thewi
t
nesssai
datt
i
messhecr
i
edf
orhel
p
becauseoft
hepai
nshesuf
f
er
ed,
butt
hef
i
r
stappel
l
anti
ncr
easedt
hev
oi
ce
oft
her
adi
o so t
hatt
hei
rv
oi
ceswoul
dnotbehear
d.Sher
ecal
l
edan
i
nci
dentwhen,becauseofpai
n,t
heycr
i
edaski
ngf
orhel
pandonewoman
ent
er
edt
her
oom oft
he1stappel
l
antandshef
oundt
hem under
neat
ht
he
bedhi
di
ng.Thewi
t
nesssai
dast
he1stappel
l
anthear
daknockont
hedoor
,
hegotdr
essed.Whent
hewomanent
er
edt
her
oom,t
heycont
i
nuedcr
y
i
ng,
andshecannedt
hem andt
ol
dt
hem t
or
ef
r
ai
nf
r
om t
hatbadhabi
t
.The
medi
calexami
nat
i
on by Pet
r
oni
l
aNgi
l
oi
(PW20)aspeci
al
i
stpaedi
at
r
i
c
r
ev
eal
ed t
hatPW9 had a t
or
n hy
men,and ol
d per
enni
albr
ui
ses an
i
ndi
cat
i
ont
hatshewassexual
l
yabusedbyabl
untobj
ect
.ThePF3f
or
m
wasadmi
t
t
edi
ncour
tasexhi
bi
tP6.
Al
lt
heappel
l
ant
sdeni
edt
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
enceandr
ai
sed
34

t
hedef
enceofal
i
bi
.Thef
i
r
stt
ot
hi
r
dappel
l
ant
scl
ai
medt
hatwhatt
heydi
d
f
oral
i
v
i
ngdi
dnotal
l
ow t
hem t
obeatt
he“
l
ocusi
nquo”t
ocommi
tt
he
of
f
ence. Fur
t
her
mor
e,t
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antsai
dhewasi
mpot
enthence
i
ncapabl
eofcommi
t
t
i
ngt
heal
l
egedof
f
ence.Asf
ort
hef
our
t
happel
l
anthe
sai
dhewasasecondar
yschool
st
udentwhowoul
dbeat
t
endi
ngcl
assesat
t
het
i
met
heof
f
encewasal
l
egedt
ohav
ebeencommi
t
t
ed.
Thei
ssuebef
or
eusi
swhet
hert
heev
i
denceonr
ecor
dpr
ov
edt
he
commi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ence. Asal
r
eadyi
ndi
cat
ed,PW9wasachi
l
dof
sev
en y
ear
s and she t
est
i
f
i
ed wi
t
houtoat
h. Mor
eov
er“
v
oi
r
e di
r
e”
exami
nat
i
onwasnotpr
oper
l
yconduct
ed

.Ast
heomi
ssi
onbr
i
ngst
he

ev
i
dencet
ot
hel
ev
elofunswor
nev
i
dence,andherev
i
dencewast
aken
wi
t
houtoat
h,
wi
t
houtascer
t
ai
ni
nghercapaci
t
yt
ot
est
i
f
y
,
cor
r
obor
at
i
onwas
r
equi
r
ed.Seet
hecaseofHenj
ewel
e(
supr
a)
.Fr
om t
heev
i
denceonr
ecor
d
t
her
ei
snodoubtatal
lt
hatPW9wasr
aped.Shet
est
i
f
i
edt
ot
hatef
f
ect
,
andt
her
ewasmedi
calev
i
dencebyPW20,t
hatPW9wassexual
l
yabused.
PW9sai
di
twast
heappel
l
ant
swhor
apedher
. Theonl
yi
ssuei
swhet
her
t
her
ei
scor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
dencet
opr
ov
et
hati
twast
heappel
l
ant
swho
r
apedher
.Theof
f
encei
sal
l
egedt
ohav
ebeencommi
t
t
edathouseNo607
35

Si
nza.Mr
.Mar
andocont
endedt
hatt
her
ewasnowayi
nwhi
cht
heof
f
ence
coul
dhav
ebeencommi
t
t
edt
her
ewi
t
houtot
herpeopl
enot
i
ci
ng,because
t
hehousehadot
heroccupant
s,
namel
yt
hemot
heroft
he1stappel
l
antand
ahousegi
r
l
.I
naddi
t
i
on,
Mr
.Mar
andosai
di
nf
r
ontoft
hehouset
her
ewasa
shopandt
heownerwoul
dseet
hechi
l
dr
enast
heywenti
nt
ot
hehousebut
hewasnotsummonedasawi
t
ness.Ev
enot
hermat
er
i
alwi
t
nessl
i
keZi
zel
andCheupewer
enotsummoned. Wehav
eal
r
eadycomment
edont
he
wi
t
nessest
hepr
osecut
i
onhav
et
ocal
landweneednotmakear
epet
i
t
i
on
ofwhatwehav
esai
d.Suf
f
i
cei
tt
osayt
hat
,onr
ecor
d,t
her
ewasev
i
dence
t
oshowt
hatt
hechi
l
dr
encoul
dhav
egai
nedaccessi
nt
ot
hehousewi
t
hout
bei
ngnot
i
ced.Theobser
v
at
i
onsmadeatt
he“
l
ocusi
nquo”t
hr
ought
he
assi
st
anceofPW13,showedt
hatt
her
ewasanent
r
ancei
nt
ot
hehouse
whi
chwoul
dbeusedbyt
hechi
l
dr
ent
ogai
naccessi
nt
ohouseNo607
wi
t
houtbei
ngnot
i
ced.
Now whatwast
hecor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
denceonr
ecor
d? Thatwast
he
descr
i
pt
i
on oft
he r
oom oft
he 1st appel
l
ant
. PW9 sai
dt
her
e wasa
mat
t
r
essont
hebedandanot
heront
hewal
landt
hatsomeoft
hechi
l
dr
en
wer
eputont
hebedandot
her
sonamat
t
r
essont
hef
l
oor
.Wesai
datt
he
36

begi
nni
ngoft
hi
sj
udgmentt
hev
i
ct
i
msoft
heof
f
encesofr
apewer
et
en
f
emal
echi
l
dr
en,al
lpupi
l
sofMashuj
aaPr
i
mar
yschoolandt
hei
rev
i
dence
ont
hedescr
i
pt
i
onoft
her
oom oft
hef
i
r
stappel
l
antwassi
mi
l
ar
.Abedwi
t
h
amat
t
r
essandanot
hermat
t
r
essont
hewal
lwhi
chwoul
d,dur
i
ngt
het
i
me
ofhav
i
ngsexwi
t
ht
hechi
l
dr
enwasputont
hegr
ound.
No.
C 9744 Dt
.Cor
p Jor
dan (
PW24)who ar
r
est
ed t
he2nd t
o 4th
appel
l
ant
ssai
di
nhi
sev
i
dencet
hat
:

“
Thosechi
l
dr
enl
edust
ot
hehouseofNguza
nearaschoolatSi
nzaapr
i
mar
yschoolnearashop/
cont
ai
ner
.Thechi
l
dr
envi
ct
i
msshowedmet
her
oom
wher
et
heal
l
egedr
apet
ookpl
ace.Ther
oom
wast
ot
her
i
ghti
thadabedwi
t
hamat
t
r
ess,
andt
hemat
t
r
essl
eaded(
si
c!
)
ont
hewal
lwher
e
cl
ot
heswer
ehanged.Thechi
l
dr
envi
ct
i
mshad
sai
dt
hatt
hesexwasdoneonabedandont
he
mat
t
r
essont
hef
l
oor
.(
Emphasi
sadded)
Thewi
t
nessal
sot
est
i
f
i
edofhav
i
ngseenav
ar
i
et
yofmal
et
r
ouser
sand
shi
r
t
s.Heal
sosawat
abl
e.Whent
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
ev
i
si
t
edt
hesceneof
cr
i
me,(
r
ef
l
ect
edatpage170oft
her
ecor
dofappeal
)
,DeiJaf
f
ar
i(
PW13)
al
soav
i
ct
i
m oft
hesexualabusel
edhert
ot
hesceneofcr
i
mef
r
om t
he
37

Mashuj
aaPr
i
mar
ySchoolshowi
nghow t
hev
i
ct
i
msl
ef
tt
heschooland
wentt
ohouseNo.607.Thet
r
i
al
magi
st
r
at
er
ecor
dedt
hus:

“
Shel
edusonhowt
hei
rshor
tt
r
i
pt
ot
he
houseoft
hef
i
r
staccusedl
ookedl
i
ke.
Fr
om t
heneart
oi
l
ett
ot
hebehi
ndt
he
cont
ai
ner
/shop,
t
osmal
lent
r
ance(
notgat
ed)
ent
er
i
ngt
hedoort
hr
oughasi
t
t
i
ngr
oom,
st
r
ai
ghtwoul
dl
eadt
ot
heot
herexi
t(
door
wi
t
hagr
i
l
l
.Bef
or
eexi
tdoor
,
wewer
el
ed
byhert
ot
hel
ef
tandt
hent
ot
hedoori
nf
r
ont
onr
i
ghtandt
hel
astr
oom.I
nt
her
oom she
showedust
hebedwi
t
hamat
t
r
esswher
et
he
sexi
sal
l
egedt
ot
akepl
aceandwher
et
heot
her
mat
t
r
esswoul
dbepl
acedf
orsext
oo.Sheshowedus
t
her
adi
o.However
,
shesai
dshef
or
gott
he
t
oi
l
et
.(
However
,
wenot
edat
oi
l
etwi
t
hshower
si
nt
he
same r
oom whi
ch i
s sel
fcont
ai
ned)
. Inot
ed t
he
war
dr
obewher
ecl
ot
hesar
ehangedal
mostt
hewhol
e
wal
l
. A smal
lcont
ai
ner
/
shop i
si
nf
r
ontoft
he f
i
r
st
accused’
s

house

(
Tel
ephone)

However
,

t
he

cont
ai
ner
/
shopwhi
chDeishowedusaswher
et
hey
woul
dgett
hesweet
sandsodai
satadi
st
ancebutwas

shi
el
di
ngt
hehouseoft
hef
i
r
staccused
38

“
Deishowedushowt
heywoul
dcame(
si
c!
)
f
r
om t
heschoolcompound,
ent
ert
hef
i
r
st
accused’
shousewi
t
houtpassi
ngt
hef
r
ont
oft
hecont
ai
ner
.(
Emphasi
sadded)
.
Thepr
ov
i
si
onsunderwhi
cht
heappel
l
ant
sar
echar
gedst
r
i
ct
l
yf
or
bi
ds
anysex
uali
nt
er
cour
sewi
t
haf
emal
ebel
ow t
heageof18y
ear
s. The
obj
ect
i
v
ei
st
opr
ot
ectt
hechi
l
dr
enwhoar
enoty
etmat
ur
edt
omaker
i
ght
deci
si
onsf
ort
hei
rl
i
v
es.
Thef
i
r
stappel
l
antcl
ai
medt
hathehadpr
obl
emswi
t
hhi
spot
encyand
f
ort
hatmat
t
erhecoul
dnothav
ecommi
t
t
edt
heof
f
ence.Hesai
dt
hatt
he
pr
osecut
i
onr
ef
usedt
oassi
sthi
mi
nhav
i
nghi
spot
encyexami
nedbyt
he
doct
ort
oconf
i
r
m whet
herhewasorwasnotcapabl
eofcommi
t
t
i
ngt
he
of
f
ence ofr
ape. I
n ourconsi
der
ed opi
ni
on t
he pr
osecut
i
on had no
obl
i
gat
i
ont
odot
hat
. Wesaysobecausei
nt
er
msoft
hepr
ov
i
si
onsof
sect
i
on114(
1)
oft
heLawofEv
i
denceAct
,
CAP6R.
E2002t
hequest
i
onof
t
hepot
encyoft
he1st appel
l
antwaswi
t
hi
nhi
sownknowl
edgeandt
he
bur
denofpr
oofwasonhi
mt
opr
ov
et
hathi
speni
swasnotf
unct
i
oni
ng.
Thesect
i
onr
eads:

“
Wher
eaper
soni
saccusedofanyof
f
ence,
39

t
hebur
denofpr
ovi
ngt
heexi
st
enceof
ci
r
cumst
ancesbr
i
ngi
ngt
hecasewi
t
hi
nany
except
i
onorexempt
i
onf
r
om,
orqual
i
f
i
cat
i
ont
o,
t
heoper
at
i
onoft
hel
awcr
eat
i
ngt
heof
f
encewi
t
h
whi
chhei
schar
ged,
andt
hebur
denofpr
ovi
ngany
f
actespeci
al
l
ywi
t
hi
nt
heknowl
edgeofsuchper
son
i
suponhi
m.
Pr
ovi
dedt
hatsuchbur
denshal
lbedeemedt
obedi
schar
ged
I
ft
he cour
ti
s sat
i
sf
i
ed by t
he evi
dence gi
ven by t
he
pr
osecut
i
on,
whet
heroncr
ossexami
nat
i
onorot
her
wi
se,
t
hatsuchci
r
cumst
ancesorf
act
sexi
st
.
Pr
ovi
dedf
ur
t
hert
hatt
heper
sonaccusedshal
lbeent
i
t
l
ed
t
obeacqui
t
t
edoft
heof
f
encewi
t
hwhi
chhei
schar
ged
i
ft
hecour
ti
ssat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
heevi
dencegi
venby
ei
t
hert
hepr
osecut
i
onort
hedef
ence,cr
eat
esar
easonabl
e
doubtast
ot
hegui
l
toft
heaccusedper
soni
nt
hatr
espect
.
”
Sect
i
on114(
2)(
b)oft
heEv
i
denceActi
sal
sor
el
ev
ant
.I
tdoesnot
i
mposeont
hepr
osecut
i
on,
t
hebur
denofpr
ov
i
ngt
hatt
he1stAppel
l
antwas
noti
mpot
ent
.Theev
i
dencef
r
om PW9wast
hatshehadsexwi
t
ht
he1st
appel
l
ant
.Thedoct
orwhoexami
nedPW9conf
i
r
medt
hatshewassexual
l
y
abusedbyabl
untobj
ect
.Undersuchci
r
cumst
ancespenet
r
at
i
oni
snotan
i
ssue.Themedi
cal
r
epor
tsuppor
t
st
hatt
her
ewaspenet
r
at
i
on.The
quest
i
onast
owhet
hert
he1stappel
l
ant
’
speni
swasf
unct
i
oni
ngornotwas
40

onewi
t
hi
nhi
sknowl
edge.Undersect
i
on114(
1)oft
heEv
i
denceActt
he
bur
denwasonhi
mt
opr
ov
et
hathewasi
mpot
ent
.Hehasnotdoneso.
Thecasedoesnotf
al
l
wi
t
hi
nanyoft
hepr
ov
i
sogi
v
eni
nt
hesai
dsect
i
on.
Undert
heci
r
cumst
anceswef
i
ndt
hatt
heof
f
enceofr
apei
ncount7was
pr
ov
edi
nr
espectoft
he1stappel
l
ant
.
Asf
ort
her
estoft
heappel
l
ant
sal
t
houghPW9sai
dt
heof
f
encewas
commi
t
t
edsev
er
alt
i
mes,
t
hepar
t
i
cul
ar
soft
heof
f
encedosuppor
ther
.The
par
t
i
cul
ar
s show t
hatt
he of
f
ence commi
t
t
ed on an unknown dayof
Sept
ember2003.Thet
est
i
monyofPW9wast
hati
twast
he1stappel
l
ant
whor
apedheront
hef
i
r
stdayshewast
akent
ohi
sr
esi
dencebyYasi
nt
a
Mbel
e.Ev
eni
ft
her
ewer
er
ehear
sal
st
aki
ngpl
aceathouseNo.607t
her
e
wasnot
hi
ng t
o pr
ev
entt
he1st appel
l
antf
r
om t
hecommi
ssi
on oft
he
of
f
ence. Accor
di
ngt
ot
heev
i
dence,t
hei
nci
dentt
ookpl
acef
orf
ewhour
s
af
t
er11am orbet
ween10am and11am.Mor
eov
er
,t
her
ei
snor
eason
whyal
lt
hechi
l
dr
enwoul
dhav
et
ol
dl
i
esagai
nsthi
m.Headmi
t
t
edt
hathe
hadnogr
udgeswi
t
hanyoft
hem.
Anot
hersmal
li
mpor
t
antmat
t
ert
obecl
ear
edwast
heev
i
denceby
PW9t
hatt
he1stappel
l
antt
i
edherwi
t
habl
ackcl
ot
h.Thedef
enceoft
he1st
appel
l
antwast
hati
ft
hewi
t
nesshadherf
acet
i
edup,shecoul
dnothav
e
41

knownt
hati
twast
he1stappel
l
antwhocommi
t
t
edt
heof
f
enceonher
.We
ar
esat
i
sf
i
edt
hatPW9knew t
hati
twast
he1stappel
l
antwhor
apedher
becauseaf
t
ert
hesexualabusehewashedherandt
henor
der
edhert
o
suckhi
speni
s.Thi
spi
eceofev
i
dencer
emov
esanydoubtonPW9t
hatshe
di
dnotknow whor
apedher
.Wet
husf
i
ndt
hatt
heof
f
encewaspr
ov
ed
agai
nstt
he1stappel
l
antandweconf
i
r
m hi
sconv
i
ct
i
oni
nt
hatr
espect
.As
f
ort
her
estoft
heappel
l
ant
st
her
ei
snoev
i
dencet
ol
i
nkt
hem wi
t
ht
he
commi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ence. Thechar
geagai
nstt
hem i
sdi
smi
ssedand
t
heyar
eacqui
t
t
ed.
Thecompl
ai
nanti
nt
he10th counti
sJul
i
etMbar
eki(
PW8)
. The
of
f
encei
sal
l
egedt
o hav
ebeencommi
t
t
edatunknownt
i
mebet
ween
Sept
emberandOct
ober
.Theev
i
denceoft
hewi
t
nesswast
hatt
he1stand
2ndappel
l
ant
swhom shei
dent
i
f
i
edbynamesasBabuSay
er
/
SeaandPapi
i
Kochahadsexwi
t
hher
.Sheal
somadeadocki
dent
i
f
i
cat
i
onoft
he3rdand
4th appel
l
ant
st
hatt
heyal
sohadsexwi
t
hherbutcoul
dnotr
ecal
lt
hei
r
names.Shesai
di
twasYasi
nt
aMbel
eandcer
t
ai
nboy
swhoabduct
edand
hel
dherbyherwai
standt
ookPW8andherf
r
i
endst
ohouseNo.607.She
sai
dt
hesexualabusewasr
epeat
edt
hr
eet
i
mes.Sheal
sosai
dt
hatt
he
42

sexualabuset
ookpl
aceonamat
t
r
esswi
t
ht
he1st appel
l
antwhi
l
ehi
s
chi
l
dr
enhadsexwi
t
hheronamat
t
r
essont
hef
l
oor
.Conj
est
aAudax(
PW7)
mot
herofPW8sai
dshemadev
i
sualexami
nat
i
onoft
hev
agi
naofher
daught
erandshef
oundi
tenl
ar
gedandwasdi
schar
gi
ngsomedi
r
t
yand
hadaf
oulsmel
l
.Ont
heot
herhandt
hemedi
calexami
nat
i
onbyPW20was
t
hatJul
i
etMbar
i
kiwassexual
l
yabused.ThePF3f
or
m wasadmi
t
t
edi
n
cour
tasexhi
bi
tP4andt
hemedi
calopi
ni
onoft
hedoct
orwast
hatPW8
wassexual
l
yabused.
The l
i
ne oft
he def
ence oft
he 1st appel
l
anthas al
r
eady been
di
scussedi
ncountsev
en. Ther
estoft
heappel
l
ant
sal
sor
el
i
edont
he
def
enceofal
i
bi
.Thewi
t
nesssai
dt
heof
f
encewascommi
t
t
edaboutt
hr
ee
t
i
mes,onet
i
meaf
t
erschoolt
hati
saf
t
er11am andatot
hert
i
mesdur
i
ng
br
eakt
i
mewhi
chst
ar
t
edat10am t
o 11am. Theposi
t
i
onoft
he1st
appel
l
anti
scl
earandwehav
ef
ul
l
yanal
y
sedhi
sdef
ence.Hewasi
nhouse
No.607.Gi
v
ent
heev
i
denceonr
ecor
dt
her
ewasnot
hi
ngwhi
chwoul
dhav
e
pr
ev
ent
edt
he1stappel
l
antf
r
om t
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ence.Wehav
e
anal
y
sedhi
sdef
encei
ndet
ai
laswedi
scussedcountsev
en.Regar
di
ngt
he
2nd appel
l
anthi
sdef
enceofal
i
bidoesnotr
ul
eoutt
hepossi
bi
l
i
t
yoft
he
43

commi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ence.Wesaysobecauseaswehav
ei
ndi
cat
ed,t
he
of
f
encet
ookaboutonehouronl
yandonaf
ewoccasi
ons.Thi
smeanst
hat
ev
eni
ft
he2nd appel
l
anthadper
f
or
mancesout
si
deDaresSal
aam,t
her
e
wer
et
i
meshewasi
nDaresSal
aam. Accor
di
ngt
ohi
sdef
encehewas
out
si
deDaresSal
aam per
i
odi
cal
l
ybutnotal
way
s.I
nanyev
ent
,
wedonot
seeanyr
easonf
orPW8t
of
abr
i
cat
eev
i
denceagai
nsthi
m. Shewasa
smal
lchi
l
dwhodi
dnothav
et
hecapaci
t
yt
oknow t
hedangerwhi
chl
ay
aheadofherf
orheri
nv
ol
v
ementi
nt
hesexualact
s.Shedi
dnotknowt
hat
t
hesexual
act
scoul
dhav
er
ui
nedherl
i
f
ecompl
et
el
y
.
Wehav
eshownabov
et
hatt
her
ewascor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
dence.I
nt
hi
s
r
espectwear
esat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
heof
f
encewaspr
ov
edagai
nstt
he1standt
he
2nd appel
l
antandt
heywer
epr
oper
l
yconv
i
ct
edwi
t
ht
hi
scount
.Asf
ort
he
r
estoft
heappel
l
ant
s,t
heev
i
denceagai
nstt
hem i
sdoubt
f
ulbecauset
he
compl
ai
nantonl
ymadedocki
dent
i
f
i
cat
i
onoft
hem.Thequest
i
onweask
i
si
fPW8wasabl
et
oment
i
ont
henamesoft
he1stand2nd appel
l
ant
swhy
nott
her
estoft
heappel
l
ant
s? The3rd and4th appel
l
ant
sar
egi
v
enbenef
i
t
ofdoubtont
hi
sof
f
enceandt
heyar
eacqui
t
t
ed.
I
ncount12t
hecompl
ai
nanti
sDeiJaf
f
ar
i
(
PW13)
.Theof
f
encewas
44

al
l
egedt
ohav
ebeencommi
t
t
edagai
nstherdur
i
ngunknownt
i
mebet
ween
Sept
emberandOct
ober
,
2003.I
nhert
est
i
monyshesai
dshewasr
apedby
t
he1stappel
l
ant
.Thedoct
orconf
i
r
medt
hatshewasr
aped.ThePF3f
or
m
wasadmi
t
t
edi
nev
i
denceasexhi
bi
tP9.Thi
si
st
hewi
t
nesswhoshowed
t
het
r
i
almagi
st
r
at
ehow t
heyusedt
ogot
ot
hehouseoft
he1stappel
l
ant
f
r
om t
heschoolandhowt
heygai
nedaccesst
ot
hehouse.Asi
ndi
cat
edi
n
countsev
ensheal
sogav
eadescr
i
pt
i
onoft
her
oom oft
he1stappel
l
ant
whi
chaswehav
eshowni
scor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
denceonwhocommi
t
t
edt
he
of
f
ence.Fr
om t
heanal
y
si
soft
hedef
enceoft
he1stappel
l
ant
,i
ncount7
wear
esat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
hi
sof
f
encewasequal
l
ypr
ov
edbey
onddoubti
n
r
espectoft
he1stappel
l
ant
.
The14th counti
si
nr
espectofGi
f
tKi
papwa(
PW12)
.Weneednot
wast
eourt
i
meont
hi
scountbecauset
heev
i
denceoft
hedoct
or(
PW20)
wast
hatt
hewi
t
nesswassodomi
zed.Asal
r
eadyst
at
edwedi
smi
ssedal
l
t
heunnat
ur
alof
f
encesbecauset
heappel
l
ant
swer
ewr
ongl
ychar
gedwi
t
h
gangsodomyast
hel
awdoesnotpr
ov
i
def
orsuchof
f
ences.Si
nce t
her
e
i
snosuf
f
i
ci
entev
i
dencet
opr
ov
et
heof
f
enceofr
apei
ti
sdi
smi
ssedandal
l
appel
l
ant
sar
eacqui
t
t
ed.
45

Yasi
nt
aMbel
e(
PW11)i
st
hecompl
ai
nanti
ncount18.Theof
f
encei
s
al
l
egedt
ohav
ebeencommi
t
t
edonunknowndat
ebet
weenApr
i
land8th
Oct
ober
,
2003.Thet
est
i
monyoft
hi
swi
t
nesswast
hatonedayasshewas
goi
ngt
oschoolandhaddeci
dedt
oseekf
ort
hecompanyofJul
i
et(
PW8)
,
hercl
assmat
e;shemett
he1stappel
l
antatt
heschoolcompound.The1st
appel
l
antl
i
v
edi
nt
henei
ghbour
hood.Hecal
l
edherandaskedf
orhername
andsher
ev
eal
edi
tt
ohi
m.PW11al
soaskedf
ort
he1stappel
l
ant
’
sname
andhei
nf
or
medhert
hathewasNguza.Ont
hatsamedayasshewas
wal
ki
nghomeaf
t
ercl
ass,i
nt
hecompanyofherf
r
i
ends;Gi
f
t
,Jul
i
et
,Al
i
si
a,
I
sabelandAza,
t
heypassedatt
he1stappel
l
ant
’
shouse. The1stappel
l
ant
whowaswi
t
hhi
schi
l
dr
encaughtherandt
ookherwi
t
hherf
r
i
endst
ohi
s
r
oom.The1stappel
l
antt
i
edherf
acewi
t
habl
ackcl
ot
handhadsexwi
t
h
heronamat
t
r
essont
hef
l
ooraf
t
eroi
l
i
ngherpr
i
v
at
epar
t
s.Theot
her
s
wer
eputont
hebed.Accor
di
ngt
ot
hewi
t
nessPappiNguza,
2nd appel
l
ant
,
di
dhav
esexwi
t
hhert
oo.I
nr
et
ur
nt
ot
hesexualabuseshewasgi
v
en
shi
l
l
i
ngs200/
=.Gi
v
i
ngadescr
i
pt
i
onoft
her
oom,
PW11sai
dapar
tf
r
om t
he
bedandt
het
womat
t
r
esses,t
her
ewas al
soawar
dr
obe.Thi
swi
t
ness
whowasal
i
nkt
ot
hewhol
ei
nci
dentoft
hesexualabuseadmi
t
t
edt
hathe
46

wasi
nst
r
uct
edbyt
he1st appel
l
antt
ot
akeherf
r
i
endst
o hi
m andhe
i
nf
or
medt
hem t
hatt
heywoul
dbegi
v
enmoneybyt
he1stappel
l
ant
. She
sai
dshesuf
f
er
edpai
nbecauseoft
hesexualabusebutshedi
dnott
el
l
any
onebecauset
he1stappel
l
antt
hr
eat
enedt
ocuthermout
handt
akeher
t
ot
hepol
i
cei
fshei
nf
or
medany
oneaboutt
hesexualabuse. Shedeni
ed
hav
i
ngki
dnappedanyofherf
r
i
endst
ot
aket
hem t
ot
he1stappel
l
ant
.She
sai
dal
loft
hem wentt
her
eont
hei
rownv
ol
i
t
i
on.Ther
epor
toft
hedoct
or
whoexami
nedher sai
dt
hat PW11hadat
or
nhy
menandol
dheal
ed
per
enni
al
,analsphi
nct
erl
ax. Themedi
calopi
ni
on wast
hatshewas
sexual
l
yabusedi
nt
hev
agi
naandanusbyabl
untweapon.ThePF3f
or
m
wast
ender
edandadmi
t
t
edi
nev
i
denceasexhi
bi
tP10.
Thedef
enceoft
he1stappel
l
anti
saswasgi
v
eni
nt
hesev
ent
hcount
whi
chwedi
scussedi
ndet
ai
l
.Ont
hesamer
easonswef
i
ndt
hatt
hi
s
of
f
ence was pr
ov
ed.Regar
di
ng t
he 2nd appel
l
anthi
s posi
t
i
on i
s as
di
scussedi
ncount10.Hewasout
si
deDaresSal
aam occasi
onal
l
yandnot
al
way
sandt
her
ewasnot
hi
ngwhi
chcoul
dhav
epr
ev
ent
edhi
mf
r
om t
he
commi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
ence.Mor
eov
er
,nor
easonhasbeengi
v
ent
oshow
t
hatt
hewi
t
nesshadanyr
easonsf
orf
abr
i
cat
i
ngev
i
denceagai
nsthi
m.We
47

ar
eequal
l
ysat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
heof
f
encewaspr
ov
edbey
onddoubti
nr
espect
oft
he1stand2ndappel
l
ant
s.
Nexti
scount20.Accor
di
ngt
ot
hepar
t
i
cul
ar
soft
heof
f
encei
nt
he
char
gesheetaspert
her
ecor
dofappeal
atpage8t
hev
i
ct
i
m oft
heof
f
ence
i
ncount20i
sSd/
oK.Thej
udgmentoft
het
r
i
alcour
tatpage524shows
t
hatt
hecompl
ai
nantr
ef
er
r
edt
oasS/
Ki
ncount20i
sAmi
naShomar
y
(
PW15)
.Butweaskwhet
herS/
Kcanbeanacr
ony
m ofAmi
naShomar
y
.
Forwhatweunder
st
and t
o bepr
ot
ect
i
v
epur
poses,t
henamesoft
he
compl
ai
nant
sar
egi
v
enbyt
hei
racr
ony
msi
nal
lt
hecount
sandf
ort
hi
s
r
easonwedi
sagr
eewi
t
hMr
.Mar
andot
hatt
henamesoft
hecompl
ai
nant
s
i
ncount
s1and2wasnotgi
v
en.Fori
nst
ancei
ncount7,t
hecompl
ai
nant
i
sA/
L. Att
het
i
meshegav
eev
i
dence,i
twasshownt
hathernamei
s
Al
i
si
aLongi
no.Si
mi
l
ar
l
yi
ncount12D/
Ji
sDei
Jaf
ar
i
andi
ncount14G/
Ki
s
Gi
f
tKapwapa.Gi
v
ent
hesequenceofacr
ony
msi
nt
heot
hercount
swef
ai
l
t
o seet
hel
i
nkbet
ween Ami
naShomar
yand t
heacr
ony
m S/
K. I
ti
s
commonknowl
edget
hatachar
gesheetcanbeamendedt
or
ef
l
ectcor
r
ect
par
t
i
cul
ar
s.Seesect
i
on234oft
heCr
i
mi
nalPr
ocedur
eAct
.Ther
ecor
dof
appealdoesnotshow t
hatt
her
ewasanyt
i
met
hechar
gesheetwas
48

amendedt
ogi
v
eacor
r
ectacr
ony
m ofAmi
naShomar
y
.Thet
r
i
alPr
i
nci
pal
Resi
dentMagi
st
r
at
eshoul
dnothav
et
akenf
orgr
ant
edt
hatS/
Kwast
he
acr
ony
mf
orAmi
naShomar
y
,
becausei
tdoesnotf
ol
l
owt
hesequenceused
f
ort
her
estoft
hecompl
ai
nant
si
nt
hi
scase.Fort
hi
sr
eason,wedi
smi
ss
t
hechar
gebecauseofv
ar
i
ancebet
weent
heev
i
denceandt
hepar
t
i
cul
ar
s
oft
hechar
ge.
Thel
astcountno.
22i
sf
orAgnet
aSi
a(
PW14)whoseacr
ony
mi
nt
he
char
gesheeti
sA/
W.Letussayst
r
ai
ghtawayt
hatf
ort
hi
scountweneed
notwast
et
i
medwel
l
i
ngoni
tbecauseatt
het
i
mePW14gav
eev
i
denceshe
coul
dnoti
dent
i
f
yanyoft
heappel
l
ant
s,not
wi
t
hst
andi
ngt
hef
actt
hatshe
ment
i
onedBabuSay
er
/
SeaandPappiKochaast
heper
sonswhohadsex
wi
t
hher
.Shewasr
ecor
dedi
nherev
i
dencesay
i
ng:

“
Onedayaf
t
erschoolwewer
et
akenbyt
hef
i
r
staccused
BabuSayer
/
Seaandt
ookust
ohi
shouse.Iwas
wi
t
hShamsa,
Al
i
ci
a,
Tabi
a,
andt
akeni
nt
ot
he
r
oom ofBabuSayer/
Sea.Het
ol
dust
osuckhi
s
(
f
i
r
staccused)penni
es,
oi
l
edourpr
i
vat
epar
t
s,
andputhi
spenni
esi
nt
hepr
i
vat
epar
t
si
nf
r
ont
andbehi
nd.Het
ol
dust
ol
i
ckhi
sbr
east
s.He
49

andPappiKocha,
hadsexwi
t
hme.Idon’
tknow
BabuSayer
/
SeaorPappiKocha. Ican’
tshow Babu
SayerorPappiKocha.Ther
ei
snoBabuSayer/
Seai
n
t
hi
sr
oom.
”(
Emphasi
sadded)
.
Si
ncePW14wasnotabl
et
oi
dent
i
f
yanyoft
heappel
l
ant
sshesai
d
r
apedher
,i
twasi
mpr
operf
ort
heappel
l
ant
st
obeconv
i
ct
edwi
t
ht
hat
of
f
ence.
I
nt
hepr
ocessofev
al
uat
i
ngt
heev
i
dencet
hatwasonr
ecor
di
n
r
espectofeachcount
,weanal
y
sedt
hedef
enceev
i
dencepar
t
i
cul
ar
l
yt
hat
oft
he1stand2nd appel
l
ant
sandwear
esat
i
sf
i
edt
hatt
heywer
ei
nv
ol
v
edi
n
t
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
enceswehav
ei
ndi
cat
ed. I
nt
hi
sr
egar
d,t
hei
r
def
enceofal
i
biwaspr
oper
l
yr
ej
ect
ed.Wehav
eal
soshownt
hatt
her
ewas
cor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
dencet
ot
hecommi
ssi
onoft
heof
f
encesbyt
he1stand2nd
appel
l
ant
sandt
hatwast
hedescr
i
pt
i
onoft
her
oom i
nhouseNo.
607wher
e
t
heof
f
encest
ookpl
ace.Fr
om t
hev
i
si
tt
hatwasmadebyt
het
r
i
alPr
i
nci
pal
Resi
dentMagi
st
r
at
ewhenl
edbyDei
Jaf
ar
i
(
PW13)i
tbecameappar
entt
hat
t
hechi
l
dr
encoul
dgoi
nt
ot
hehousewi
t
houtusi
ngt
hemai
nent
r
ancehence
bei
ngunnot
i
cedbyout
si
der
s.Thei
ncr
easedv
ol
umeofv
oi
ceoft
her
adi
o
whi
l
et
hesexual
act
swer
et
aki
ngpl
acewasanot
hercor
r
obor
at
i
v
eev
i
dence
50