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Kwon, Bercovici, Cunningham, & Varnum preprint (1) 100%
We examined language use in media coverage of past discovery announcements of this nature, with a focus on extraterrestrial microbial life (Pilot Study).
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/12/08/kwon-bercovici-cunningham-varnum-preprint-1/
08/12/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
Effetti antimicrobici Ag+ su Bacillus Subtilis 90%
The superior antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are well-documented, but the exact mechanisms underlying Ag-NP microbial toxicity remain the subject of intense debate.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/01/26/effetti-antimicrobici-ag-su-bacillus-subtilis/
26/01/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
Effect of feed additive on GIT microbial population 90%
Journal of Medicinal Plants The Effects of Comparison of Herbal Extracts, Antibiotic, Probiotic and Organic Acid on Serum Lipids, Immune Response, GIT Microbial Population, Intestinal Morphology and Performance of Broilers Yakhkeshi S (M.Sc.)1, Rahimi S (Ph.D.)1*, Gharib Naseri K (M.Sc.)1 1- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author:
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2015/09/28/effect-of-feed-additive-on-git-microbial-population/
28/09/2015 www.pdf-archive.com
PS FieldTrials 89%
amino acids for optimal microbial and plant support.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/08/03/ps-fieldtrials/
03/08/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
Vail Water CCR 2015 88%
EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/06/29/vail-water-ccr-2015/
29/06/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
Green Coffee Analytics Part 1 86%
Green Coffee Analytics: Relevance to Roasters, Buyers, and Producers Part I: Total Moisture Content and Water Activity By Chris Kornman, May 2016 Most coffee professionals on the buying, roasting, and brewing side of the industry understand and value sensory analysis of coffee. Cupping a coffee, after all, is the single most common and effective way to decide if a coffee is worth purchasing, or if a roast has succeeded or failed. Scores and notes help organize inventories, determine usage, and even provide feedback to producers. In many cases, these scores are even tied to real dollar value whether as green or roasted product. I’d wager that most of the community have at least a cursory knowledge of green grading as well, but I suspect that for many buyers and roasters it’s an afterthought or a metric that is applied haphazardly at best, with little connection to what we usually think of when we think of “quality.” In light of this, I’d like to outline a number of different measurements and describe how they can add value across the supply chain. The first part of this series will focus on moisture in green coffee. Total Moisture Content Moisture content has been a defining characteristic of the coffee export trade for eons. The figure 12% is tossed around fairly loosely, frequently eliciting rejections once it is exceeded. Likewise, the measurement of water activity has become an increasingly common interjection to conversations about physical quality, though it’s limits are a little less universally acknowledged. Let’s dig into what these two different measurements mean, how they are related to each other, and how they can be used as quality tools for the specialty roaster, buyer, and grower. Moisture content is defined as water bound up inside the coffee seed. When a coffee cherry is picked, the seed is full of water and must be dried before export. Throughout the world, this is accomplished in a variety of ways with varying effects on the final product. The specialty community has frequently expressed aversion to vertical driers and cylindrical drum guardiolas used to mechanically dry coffee across much of Central America and Brazil. Compared to sundrying on patios or raised beds, the argument goes, mechanical drying is inferior. However, the precision of a wellmaintained dryer can improve the producer’s ability to consistently dry large quantities of coffee when the temperature is appropriately monitored. Natural challenges arise for any sundried coffees due to the simple nature of exposure to the elements. In my experience, partial shade, protection from rain, and air circulation (frequent parchment turning and/or raised beds) go a long way to ensure that a coffee is appropriately stabilized in sundried environments. It’s generally accepted that drying coffee is the most critical postharvest processing step, and that in general lower drying temperatures are better at preserving quality.1 A research team led by respected coffee scientist Dr. Flávio Borém used SCAA style qualitative analysis to confirm physical measurements of numerous phenomena. Among the measurable data they gathered, the ‘leaching’ of potassium from the coffee bean2. This is relevant because it illustrates an important point: compounds that are bound up inside green coffee are susceptible to escape and degradation, particularly if damage to the seed occurs during the drying process. This means that quality can escape from green coffee even as it rests on a shelf. Unfortunately, simply taking a moisture content reading cannot give us a sufficient glimpse of this sort of data. From one of the most respected voices in coffee research: Flávio Borém, et al., 2008 Potassium leaching has been correlated to defective quality in green coffee: Marcelo Ribeiro Malta, et al., 1981 . 1 2 Water Activity This point brings us to water activity. Humidity, and specifically the evaporation of moisture, is the vehicle by which quality has the potential to escape from green coffee. We can obtain a better indication of the integrity of the structure of the green coffee, and its ability to retain moisture and volatile aromatic compounds, by measuring water activity. Very briefly, water activity (or a ) is the measurement of vapor pressure or “water energy.” It is W expressed mathematically as a comparison of the measurement of the vapor pressure of a substance in question divided by the vapor pressure of water. Imagine the same amount of water is added to two glasses: one with a sponge and one without. The water will evaporate more slowly from the glass with the sponge, because the moisture is bound up in parts of that sponge. So, any substance will have less water activity than water alone, because the moisture in that substance will be bound up in varying degrees. As a result, water activity measurements are expressed as a decimal; a water activity measurement of coffee will always be expressed as a numerical value less than one but greater than zero. Water activity readings may vary in reliability depending on the type of device in use, and these readings can be affected by temperature, relative humidity, and other ambient environmental conditions. The use of water activity measurements as a food safety indicator has been in circulation since th the middle of the 20 century. William James Scott was able to convincingly prove that water activity measurements can predict microbial growth in 1953. Since that time, water activity has come to be accepted as a more accurate and important indicator of “microbial, chemical, and physical properties… than is total moisture content.”3 Across many industries water activity measurement is now considered vital not just for safety, but as an indicator of potential for chemical and physical reactions. As you might imagine, this is relevant to coffee in a number of ways. The first and most obvious is in product safety. At a certain level, mold and other microbes can grow; that level is firmly established across all substance types. Below a water activity range of 0.60, no microbial proliferation occurs 4, and foods are generally considered free from potential for new contamination. Between the range of 0.60 and 0.90 a , molds and other fungi, yeasts, and W other microbial activity increases, particularly at higher ranges. Of particular interest to coffee are mold types that contain mycotoxins and 3 4 Jorge Chirife and Anthony J. Fontana, Jr., 2007 Anthony J. Fontana, Jr., 2008 ochratoxins, as these are known hazards to health. Per AquaLab water activity “for molds and yeast growth is about 0.61 with the lower limit for growth of mycotoxigenic molds at 0.78 a .”5 W During postharvest processing, HACCP6 guidelines suggest that “all coffee, cherry or parchment, must spend no more than four days between [water activity of] 0.95… and… 0.80.”7 It’s a little hard to imagine a farmer or producer measuring the water activity of their coffee while it ferments, or during the first few days on a patio or drying table. If you think about it, however, these are some things we’ve felt intuitively and know experientially. Wet parchment sitting around in bags in Sumatra, for example, generally isn’t a favorable storage condition for coffee of any quality. Similarly, Rwandan and Brazilian practice of tarp coverings for wet parchment coffee on beds or patios can foster microbial growth (the spread of potato through a lot, or the off flavors of rio/phenol, respectively). In terms of practical applications for the coffee roaster and buyer, AquaLab has some relevant points to make: “Green coffee deteriorates very gradually, but the ‘past crop’ taste… is partially associated with the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose, especially. Higher water activity can possibly provide an indication of the level of this activity.”8 Put simply, water activity measurements can help indicate the shelfstability of a coffee, particularly as it relates to perceived past crop flavors. These flavors are related to the escape and/or chemical change in compounds created inside the bean and preserved (or not) by the drying process postharvest. While it’s impossible to predict an exact shelflife using water activity readings9, we can use water activity to give us an indication of how welldried, and thus how stable a green coffee might be. When used in conjunction with moisture content, this can be a powerful tool for evaluating the longevity of a highdollar/high quality product’s value. For 5 AquaLab is the water activity meter manufacturing arm of Decagon. They have numerous product manuals and educational resources available for free online, including the one quoted here: http://agrotheque.free.fr/Fundamentals.pdf 6 Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, as recommended by the FDA & USDA 7 This HACCP guildine is quoted by Aqualab here . 8 Again, Aqualab’s Coffee product manua l is responsible for this claim. 9 Theodore P. Labuza, 1980 most purposes, the upper limit of 0.60 seems like a convenient “soft” limit for predicting shelf stability for more than 6 months past harvest under normal storage conditions (moderate temperatures, low relative humidity, GrainPro or other preservation method also recommended to help prevent moisture migration). There’s yet another side to this coin: water activity has the ability to predict the potential and rate of changes related to browning reactions like caramelization and Maillard reactions. We know that these reactions are absolutely critical to the development of complex chain sugars and aromatic compounds and flavors in coffee as it roasts. Maillard reaction rate increases in conjunction with water activity, reaching maximum potential at between 0.60 and 0.70, with increases beyond 0.70 generally decreasing likelihood again.10 So, let’s look at this on a basic chart that should help frame the discussion visually: You can see that the range for shelf stability is a little lower a than the peak for browning W reactions, and that the microbial activity potential increases beyond 0.60. In light of these signposts, coffee’s ideal water activity could be described as “close to 0.60.” Each roaster and buyer, however, must choose on which side of this line they prefer to err: higher than 0.60 10 http://www.webpal.org/SAFE/aaarecovery/2_food_storage/Processing/Water%20Activity.pdf
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/05/03/green-coffee-analytics-part-1/
03/05/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
Processing, Products, and Food Safety Posters 86%
Campylobacter jejuni, probiotic, organic acids, prebiotic 643 Effects of electron-beam irradiation on diet characteristics, intestinal microbial population and morphology, ileal digestibility and performance of broilers.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2015/09/28/processing-products-and-food-safety-posters/
28/09/2015 www.pdf-archive.com
2017peanuts 85%
“Studies have been difficult to reproduce across investigations” “Addressing the sources of variation in microbiota profiling is critical for optimizing protocols… Unfortunately, variation at each step in the pipeline is enormous from physical specimen collection and processing to computational quantification of microbial communities.” A National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) scientist reported that such standard protocols are needed because ‘the interlab comparability of measurements on microbiomes is generally poor.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/11/20/2017peanuts/
20/11/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
Feed Additives Posters 84%
frutescens, performance enhancer, egg quality, health performance, herbal 536 Effects of yarrow (Achillea millefolium), antibiotic and probiotic on GIT microbial population, immune response, serum lipids and broilers performance.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2015/09/28/feed-additives-posters/
28/09/2015 www.pdf-archive.com
GGC Nourishing the Planet Final 81%
Of all agricultural land 52 PERCENT is moderately or severely affected by soil degradation Addresses microbial hazards that can accompany intensive agriculture production, such as antimicrobial resistance, pathogenic microorganisms, and disruptions of the normal microbial ecosystem, all of which can injure ecosystem health and cause food safety issues We cannot achieve global food security without reaping the benefits of modern intensive agriculture systems, such as increased yields, increased production efficiency, and economy of scale, but we must also manage hazards that can be associated with intensive production practices TOTAL ECONOMIC LOSS The total statewide economic cost of the 2014 drought in California is $2.2 billion With a total loss of 17,100 seasonal and part-time jobs >>
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2015/08/05/ggc-nourishing-the-planet-final/
05/08/2015 www.pdf-archive.com
hydra-fuelplus- 81%
For the bunker suppliers who want to protect their hefty fuel investment against microbial attack, the answer is Hydra FuelPlus which is an Excellent Fuel Biocide Additive!
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2015/09/30/hydra-fuelplus/
30/09/2015 www.pdf-archive.com
LAN YANG-ege-bn 81%
A farmer was a person who promotes and improves the growth of by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals winter FOOD Food dehydration for storage, to prevent microbial reproduction caused by food corruption.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/01/16/lan-yang-ege-bn/
16/01/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
Draft Programme 81%
TBC 15.40-15.50 Introduction to session from Chair 15.50-16.05 Title TBC Professor Christofer Toumazou, Winston Wong Chair, Biomedical Circuits 16.05-16.20 Title TBC Dr Tim Rawson, Clinical Research Fellow Dr Danny O’Hare, Reader in Sensor Research Professor Tony Cass, Professor of Chemistry 16.20-16.35 Title TBC Dr Enrique Castro Sanchez, Academic Research Nurse Mr Jamie Firth, Games Developer 16.35-16.50 Title TBC Dr Frankie Bolt, Research Associate in Microbial Metabonomics Dr Simon Cameron, Research Associate in Microbial Populations and Metabonomics 16.50-17.00 Session 2 Q&A 17.00-17.20 Panel discussion 17.20-17.30 Closing remarks TBC 17.30 Close of the afternoon event 17.30-18.45 TECHNOLOGY SHOWCASE with refreshments 18.45-19.00 Audience to take their seats for evening event EVENING EVENT 19.00-19.10 Introduction Sir Richard Sykes, Chairman of the Royal Institution 19.10-20.00 Title TBC Keynote speaker:
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/08/15/draft-programme/
15/08/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
Workshop Thermophilic Microorganisms 71%
ARMENIA GEORGIA THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE The INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP On BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY OF THERMOPHILIC MICROORGANISMS CONTENTS Preface 4 Preamble 10 Organizing Committee 12 Executive Summary 8 List of Authors 12 Workshop Participants 13 WORKSHOP IN GEORGIA Introduction 14 Section 1 Collection of microorganisms 16 Section 5 Potential for commercialization 32 Section 2 Microbial diversity 20 Section 6 Student education and investment in research/ biotechnology 36 Section 3 Sequence data and computational analysis 24 Section 7 Cultural component of the visit 40 Section 4 Thermophilic field-site 28 Overall Panel recommendations for Georgia 42 WORKSHOP IN ARMENIA Introduction 44 Section 1 Collection of microorganisms 46 Section 2 Microbial diversity 50 Section 5 Potential for commercialization 62 Section 6 Biomedical research 66 Section 3 Sequence data and computational analysis 54 Section 7 Student education and investment in research/ biotechnology 70 Section 4 Thermophilic field-site 58 Section 8 Cultural component of the visit 74 Overall Panel recommendations for Armenia 76 Conclusions and Recommendations 78 P.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/11/08/workshop-thermophilic-microorganisms/
08/11/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
NEW Partner Portal Introduction 68%
Our anti-microbial video demonstrates the features and benefits of the AMMEX anti-microbial powder free vinyl gloves.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/01/16/new-partner-portal-introduction/
16/01/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
A03710105 67%
Lower size residue becomes more accessible for the initial microbial attack and led to an enhanced stabilization of microbial biomass.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2013/11/13/a03710105/
13/11/2013 www.pdf-archive.com
Technology vs Infectious Diseases 66%
Using Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) to Improve Early Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance and to Reduce AMR in Agriculture Dr Frankie Bolt, Research Associate in Microbial Metabonomics &
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/09/18/technology-vs-infectious-diseases/
18/09/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
Meeting Program - 2017 Rev1 - Online View 65%
A Geophysical Way to Track Microbial Activities in a Bio-remediated Polluted Site” Presented by Jesse Kolodin, Montclair State University Since Superstorm Sandy, The US Army Corps of Engineers has constructed several dune and berm features along the New Jersey coastline to protect barrier island communities from future storm impacts.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/05/10/meeting-program-2017-rev1-online-view/
10/05/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
Laboratory Certification Sheet 64%
Wet Chemistry, Solids, Tissue USDA/APHIS 526, 525 Microbial Testing for Export to European Union (EU), NE-LAB-0001 Soil, General Soil Analysis
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2012/02/03/laboratory-certification-sheet/
03/02/2012 www.pdf-archive.com
Neil May, UCL - Healthy Buildings, ASBP 64%
However impossible to identify direct causal links for most microbial pollutants, due to complexity of interactions, multiple effects etc • “It is estimated that damp affects 10–50% of indoor environments in Europe, North America, Australia, India and Japan.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/01/21/neil-may-ucl-healthy-buildings-asbp/
21/01/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
LAN YANG- ege-bn 64%
A farmer was a person who promotes and improves the growth of by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals winter FOOD Food dehydration for storage, to prevent microbial reproduction caused by food corruption.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/01/16/lan-yang-ege-bn-2/
16/01/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
LAN YANG- ege -bn 64%
A farmer was a person who promotes and improves the growth of by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals winter FOOD Food dehydration for storage, to prevent microbial reproduction caused by food corruption.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2017/01/16/lan-yang-ege-bn-3/
16/01/2017 www.pdf-archive.com
lec5 57%
The specific chemical relationships between microbial pathogens and drugs.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/11/16/lec5/
16/11/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
AlgoClear Brochure (1) 56%
Acts on 99.9% of microbial life.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2016/11/25/algoclear-brochure-1/
25/11/2016 www.pdf-archive.com
Shahzad Ashraf 56%
Client - Cairn Energy , India - Well Testing and flow Measurements performed for heavy, waxy crude and for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) wells.
https://www.pdf-archive.com/2015/07/06/shahzad-ashraf/
06/07/2015 www.pdf-archive.com