ﺔﻘﹶﺪِّﻣﭐﻟﹾﻤ-f‚wgKv t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺔﻘﹶﺪِّﻣﭐﻟﹾﻤ-f‚wgKv
ﺣِﻴﻢـٰﻦِ ﭐﻟﺮﻤﺣﻢِ ﭐﻟﻠﱠﻪِ ﭐﻟﺮﺑِﺴ
ﻠﱠﻢﺳﺀَﺍﻟِﻪِ ﻭﻪِ ﻭﻠﹶﻴ ﻋﻠﱠﻰٰ ﭐﻟﻠﱠﻪﺪٍ ﺻﻤﺤﻮﻟِﻪِ ﻣﺳﻠﹶﻰٰ ﺭ ﻋﻡ+ﻼ ﭐﻟﺴﺓﹸ ﻭ+ﻼﭐﻟﺼ ﻟِﻠﱠﻪِ ﻭﺪﻤﭐﻟﹾﺤ
Avjøvn ZvAvÕvjvi A‡kl K…cvq Ôe`vb¨ †KviAvb cvVwkÿv mnvwqKv-mswÿß ZvR¡x` wbqgvewj mnÕ
eBwUi msKjb m¤úbœ Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ| mvaviY cvV‡Ki Rb¨ e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv msµvšÍ Aí msL¨K
eB evRv‡i cÖPwjZ| G eB‡Z cvV msµvšÍ welqvw` AviI we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G iKg GKwU
eB Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv `xN© w`b a‡i Abyfe KiwQjvg| Gi m~ÎcvZ Av‡bK Av‡M| Avgvi Rb¥ cvwK¯Ív‡b|
R‡b¥i 7 gvm eqm †_‡K Avie‡`k Kz‡q‡Z emevm Kwi| Avgvi gv ˆkke †_‡K Kz‡q‡Z emevm KiwQ‡jb
Ges Kz‡q‡Z Aviwe cwi‡e‡k emevm Ki‡jI Avwg RvZ Avie(Native Arab) bB- gvZ…fvlv Aviwei
mswgkª‡Y weewZ©Z wm‡jUx| d‡j Aviwe‡Z †jLv-cov Ki‡jI Ges †jLv-covq cÖ_g AwR©Z fvlv Aviwe
n‡jI ÎæwU-wePz¨wZ wQj| Aviwe‡Z Avgvi bvg Ô ﺎﻛﹶﺮِﻳ ﺯÕ| Avwg ÔﺯÕ Ges ÔﺫÕ e‡Y©i g‡a¨ †Kvb D”PviY cv_©K¨
Dcjwä Ki‡Z cviZvg bv, d‡j wbR bvg D”PviY KiZvg Ô
ﺎﺫﹶﻛﹶﺮِﻳ
Õ| Avie eÜzMY Avðh© n‡q †h‡Zv|
KL‡bv G bvg ï‡b wb| wbwðZ nIqvi Rb¨ Avevi wRÁvmv Ki‡Zv Ò†Zvgvi bvg Ô
ﺎﻛﹶﺮِﻳ ﺯÕ bv Ô ﺎ ﺫﹶﻛﹶﺮِﻳÕ?Ó-
wK AvR¸we cÖkœ! ÔAvgvi bvg RvKvwiqv bv RvKvwiqvÕ- G Avevi †Kgb cÖkœ| wKQz bv ey‡S ejZvg Avgvi bvg
ﺎ ﺫﹶﻛﹶﺮِﻳÕ| ZvivI bv ey‡S †evSvi fvb Ki‡Zv| mßg †kªYx‡Z covi mgq `~i`k©b(TV)G GKwU RbwcÖq
QvqvwPÎ(cartoon) Pj‡Zv hvi †K›`ªxq Pwi‡Îi bvg wQj ÔﻦﺳﻮﺳÕ| Avwg h_vixwZ ÔﺱÕ Ges ÔﺙÕ e‡Y©i
D”PviY cv_©K¨ eySZvg bv| d‡j D”PviY KiZvg Ô ﺛﹶﻦ ﺛﹶﻮÕ| G ï‡b Avgvi Avie eÜzMY Lye gRv †c‡ZvÒRvKvwiqv ej‡Zv †`wL ÔﻦﺳﻮﺳÕ Ó| Avwg ejZvg Ô ﺛﹶﻦ ﺛﹶﻮÕ - nv nv nv Zviv nvmv-nvwm Ki‡Zv| Avgvi fzj
Ô
eyS‡Z cviZvg bv| wbgœ †kªYx‡Z covi mgq Avgvi eY© D”PviY wb‡q †Kvb wkÿKB wKQz e‡jb wb, QvÎ
wn‡m‡e †gavex ejv hvq| hvB †nvK mgm¨v †_‡K cwiÎv‡Yi Rb¨ Avevi hLb bvg wRÁvmv Ki‡jv ZLb
Av›`vR K‡i Avgvi wRnŸv‡K Avi mvg‡bi w`‡K †ei Kijvg bv, wRnŸv‡K wb‡Pi `uv‡Zi mv‡_ jvwM‡q ejjvg
Ô
ﻦﺳﻮ ﺳÕ- ÔG¨v G †`wL mwVKfv‡e D”PviY Ki‡Q!Õ| fvejvg D”PviY wb‡q weåvU GLv‡bB †kl| 1983
wLª÷v‡ãi †k‡li w`‡K evsjv‡`‡k P‡j Avwm| Kz‡q‡Z Avwg 8g †kªYx ch©šÍ Aviwe gva¨‡g cov-†jLv K‡i
G‡mwQ| Aviwe D”PviY wb‡q †KD cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv- G wek¦vmB wQj| wKš‘ euva‡jv wecwË| Avgvi †QvU
`v`v wQ‡jb K¡vix(† |)ﻗﹶﺎﺭِﺉKej K¡vix bq- Zuvi gvZ…fvlv Aviwe, hv‡K e‡j RvZ Avie| Rb¥ †_‡K g`xbvq,
†mLv‡b †jLv-cov| cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i Kvi‡Y wcZ…‡`‡k †diZ| GKw`b MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †Mjvg eo PvPvi mv‡_,
2
ﺔﻘﹶﺪِّﻣﭐﻟﹾﻤ-f‚wgKv t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
mvj m¤¢eZt 1984 wLª÷vã| PvPv cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K G‡m‡Qb, mv‡_ PvPv‡Zv fvB whwb e`vb¨ †KviAvb †ndR
ïiæ K‡i‡Qb gvÎ| PvPv‡Zv fvB‡K Lye fv‡jv K‡i wPwb| Avwg Ges †m Kz‡q‡Z GKmv‡_ GKRxeb
KvwU‡qwQjvg| †QvU `v`v Avgv‡K ej‡jb Ô†KviAvb co!Õ| Avwg h_vixwZ mM‡e© LuvwU Aviwe D”Pvi‡Y e`vb¨
†KviAvb cvV Kijvg| †QvU `v`v wKQz ej‡jb bv| c‡i Avgvi PvPv‡Zv fvB‡K ej‡jb Ôco!Õ, †m wKQz
co‡jv| †QvU `v`v ej‡jb ÔGi cov h_vh_ Av‡QÕ| eo av°v †Ljvg, nZvk I gg©vnZ njvg| wek¦vm nw”Qj
bv- Avgvi cov h_vh_ bq| Avgvi PvPv‡Zv fvB, hvi †_‡K Avwg eqm, †jLv-cov, †gav-eyw×gËv me w`K
†_‡K A‡bK GwM‡q, Zvi cov h_vh_| †QvU `v`v G wel‡q we‡klÁ wQ‡jb Ges GiKg g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z Zuvi
KZ©„Z¡ (Authority) wQj| GUvB mZ¨ e‡j Dcjwä Kijvg, wKš‘ †g‡b †bqvUv LyeB KóKi wQj| GKmgq
†QvU `v`v Avgv‡`i wm‡j‡Ui evwo‡Z †eov‡Z Avm‡jb| G‡m Avgvi mv‡_ e`vb¨ †KvbAvb cvV wkÿv wel‡q
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| Avgvi eqm ZLb 17 eQi n‡e, †QvU `v`v AkxwZci e„×| `v`vi eq‡mi b~¨âZv,
Avgv‡`i eqm cv_©K¨ Ges Avgvi Do–Do– g‡bi Rb¨ Av‡jvPbv ïiæ‡ZB †kl| ZLb Avgv‡`i evmvq cv‡ki
gmwR‡`i Bgvg mv‡ne e`vb¨ †KviAvb cov‡bvi Rb¨ Avm‡Zb| †QvU `v`v Avgvi mv‡_ †KviAvb cvV
Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb| nVvr Bgvg mv‡ne‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡jb Òejyb‡Zv †`wL ÔﺎﻥﻟﹸﻘﹾﻤÕ k‡ãi ÔﻟﹸﻖÕG †Kb †Rvi
†`qv nq?Ó| hZUzKz g‡b c‡o Bgvg mv‡ne ej‡jb ÔﻟﹶﻘﹾﻠﹶﻘﹶﺔÕ (cÖK…Z kã |)ﻗﹶﻠﹾﻘﹶﻠﹶﺔZLb eySjvg e`vb¨ †KviAvb
cv‡Vi Avjv`v we`¨v i‡q‡Q, †Kej LuvwU D”Pvi‡Yi g‡a¨ Zv mxgve× bq| G we`¨v MÖnY Ki‡j mwVKfv‡e
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV Kiv hv‡e| wKš‘ e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv welqK †Kvb Dchy³ eB Luy‡R †cjvg bv|
eB †Kbvi wKQzUv Af¨vm Av‡Q| G †Kbv-KvUvi gv‡S ZvR¡x` m¤ú‡K© eB Luy‡RwQ A‡bK, wKš‘ Dchy³ GKwUI
†Pv‡L coj bv| cieZ©x‡Z `xN© mgq ci 2008 wLª÷v‡ã Avwg ZLb Rvgvjcyi †Rjvi mwilvevox Dc‡Rjvq
ÔDc‡Rjv wbe©vnx AwdmviÕ wn‡m‡e Kg©iZ| XvKvq †Mjvg e¨w³MZ Kv‡R| my‡hv‡M evqZzj †gvKviig Rv‡g
gmwR` Avw½bvq eB †gjvq cÖ‡ek Kijvg| wgkixq †jLK
ﺮﺼﺔ ﻗﹶﺎﺑِﻞ ﻧﻄِﻴ ﻋKZ©„K wjwLZ ﺮِﻳﺪ ﻓِﻰﺔﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﻏﹶﺎﻳ
ﻮِﻳﺪﺠ ﻋِﻠﹾﻢِ ﭐﻟﺘeBwU †cjvg| 25 eQi Aviwe PP©v †bB| wØZxqZt eBwU KwVb fvlvq wjLv, gv‡S-g‡a¨ Avevi
KweZv| co‡Z Kó nj| cÖ_‡g wKQz eywS wb| Avevi cojvg, ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z jvMjvg| Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í
†evaMg¨ n‡Z jvM‡jv, me wKQz cwi®‹vi nj| eBwU Avm‡j cvV¨‡kªYxi Rb¨ ÔZvwË¡KÕ eB wn‡m‡e wjLv, G Rb¨
`y‡e©va¨| wKš‘ G ZvwË¡K welq †_‡K cÖv‡qvwMK welq Avjv`v Ki‡j mewKQz †evaMg¨ I mnR n‡q hvq| RwUj
ZvwË¡K welq Gwo‡q †Kej cÖv‡qvwMK welqvw` wb‡q mvaviY cvV‡Ki Dc‡hvMx evsjv fvlvq e`vb¨ †KviAvb
cvV Ges ZvR¡x` wkÿvi Rb¨ GKwU mnvqK eB iPbvi Rb¨ ZvwM` Abyfe Kijvg| GiB g‡a¨ Rvjvjvev`
†mbvwbev‡m e`wj nIqvq eB wjLvi Dchy³ cwi‡ek I Aemi †cjvg|
3
ﺔﻘﹶﺪِّﻣﭐﻟﹾﻤ-f‚wgKv t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
G eBwU e`vb¨ †KviAvb e¨envwiK cvV wkÿvi mnvqK MÖš’ wn‡m‡e iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| e`vb¨
†KviAvb mwVKfv‡e cvV Ki‡Z †h welq¸‡jv Rvbv `iKvi †Kej †m welqvw` mwbœ‡ewkZ Kivi †Póv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| †h mKj ZvwË¡K welq cvV ev D”Pvi‡Yi mv‡_ mswkøó bq, †Kej wbqg wn‡m‡e Av‡ivwcZ n‡q‡Q †m
mKj welq Gwo‡q hvIqvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †h mKj welq `y‡e©va¨ ev RwUj †m welq¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Kiv
nq wb| G eBwU ZvwË¡K ev ZvR¡x` wkÿv_©x‡`i †kªYx cvV Dc‡hvMx eB wn‡m‡e iPbv Kiv nq wb| eBwU
mvaviY cvVK‡`i Rb¨ A_ev Zv‡`i‡K hviv e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv †`b Zv‡`i Rb¨ mnvqK MÖš’ wn‡m‡e
iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z e`vb¨ †KviAvb cv‡Vi wbqgvewj Rvbv hvq Ges Abykxjb Kiv hvq| e`vb¨ †KviAvb
cvV I ZvR¡x` wkLvi Rb¨ GKRb `ÿ wkÿ‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb| whwb mwVKfv‡e cvV †kvbv‡eb Ges wkÿv_©xi cvV
kªeY K‡i fzj wVK K‡i w`‡eb| Av‡k-cv‡k wkÿK cvIqv bv †M‡j Z‡e ZvR¡x‡`i wbqgvewj †R‡b I
K¨v‡mU-wmwW‡Z GKRb `ÿ K¡vixi cvV kªeY K‡i Ges Zvi mv‡_ wb‡Ri cvV Zzjbv K‡i fzj-ÎæwU
A‡bKvs‡k ms‡kvab Kiv hvq|
evsjv‡`‡k e`vb¨ †KviAv‡bi `yÕwU gy`ªY cÖPwjZ| GKwU ga¨cÖvP¨ †_‡K gyw`ªZ †hwU g`xbvi †KviAvb
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| AciwU Dcgnv‡`‡k gyw`ªZ †hwU Dcgnv‡`kxq †KviAvb wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| evsjv‡`‡k
Dcgnv‡`kxq †KviAvb †ewk cÖPwjZ n‡jI g`xbvi †KviAv‡b wKQz D”PviY Avjv`vfv‡e wPwýZ _vKvq Ges
wjLb‰kjxi myweavi Rb¨ G eB‡Z g`xbvi †KviAvb gy`ªYixwZ AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e `yÕwU gy`ªYixwZ
m¤ú‡K© eB Gi †kl cwi‡”Q‡` Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| eBwU 4wU Aa¨v‡q wef³| cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q †gŠwjK
D”PviY, wØZxq Aa¨v‡q cvk¦© D”PviY Ges Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q eY© ˆewkó¨ I D”PviY msµvšÍ Ab¨vb¨ welqvw`
Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g wZbwU Aa¨v‡q D”PviY m¤úwK©Z welqvw` Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| PZy_© Aa¨v‡q
D”PviY m¤úwK©Z Av‡jvPbv †bB, Z‡e e`vb¨ †KviAvb m¤ú‡K© mvaviY Av‡jvPbv Ges Gi cvV I weiwZ
m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| evsjv fvlvfvlx‡`i myweav‡_© Aviwe kã mg~‡ni evsjv mgZzj¨ kã e¨env‡ii
†Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| eBwU‡Z evsjv Ges Aviwe `yÕwU fvlv e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Aviwe cvV Wvb †_‡K ev‡g
†evSv‡bvi Rb¨ Aviwe k‡ãi ga¨eZ©x D‡ëv Kgv Ô،Õ wPý e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| D‡ëv Kgv _vK‡j A_ev
Aviwe c~Y© evK¨ _vK‡j Aviwe kãvewji cvV Wvb cÖvšÍ †_‡K ïiæ K‡i evg w`‡K hv‡e| mvaviY Kgv wPý Ô,Õ
_vK‡j Aviwe kãvewji cvV evg w`K †_‡K Wvb w`‡K co‡Z n‡e| cÖwZ Aa¨vq †k‡l Aa¨vq m¤úwK©Z
mvims‡ÿc Ges Abykxjb cwi‡”Q` i‡q‡Q| Abykxjb mnvqK wn‡m‡e Bb&kv-Avjøvn kã D”PviY m¤^wjZ
GKwU cuywÄZ PvKwZ (CD) cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q| eBwUi cwi‡”Q` I welqe¯‘ mg~‡n cÖ`Ë msL¨vi wecix‡Z wmwW‡Z
GKB msL¨vi kã DcvË(File) ev MwZc_(Track) _vK‡Q| wmwW †_‡K †m cvV kªeY K‡i D”PviY Abykxjb
4
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
Kiv hv‡e| Avwg Avkv Kwi hviv e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv †`b Ges MÖnY K‡ib Zv‡`i Rb¨ Zv mnvqK
n‡e| eB Gi A‡bK cwi‡”Q` GKwU Av‡iKwUi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³| †evSvi myweav‡_© eBwU Av‡M GKevi m¤ú~Y©
cvV K‡i Zvici Abykxjb ïiæ Kiv DËg|
eBwU wjL‡Z †ewk †h Amyweavi m¤§ywLb njvg †mwU nj cÖvmw½K welq-e¯‘i Afve| welq-e¯‘i wKQz
Z_¨ AvšÍtRvwjKv(Internet) †_‡K msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wekvj Z_¨fvÊvi †_‡K `ªæZ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨
msMÖn Kiv wQj `yiæn| wØZxqZt cwiMYbh‡š¿(Computer) GKmv‡_ GKvwaK fvlv e¨envi RwUjZv, Aviwe
wjLb‰kjxi Afve| Aviwe-evsjv-Bs‡iwR fvlv I Kw¤úDUvi m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv _vKvq h_vm¤¢e Afve¸‡jv
KvwU‡q IVvi †Póv K‡iwQ| gy`ªY cÖgv` h_vm¤¢e Kg ivLvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avkv Kwi cvVKe„›` G Afve I
ÎæwU¸‡jv ÿgv-my›`i `„wó‡Z †`L‡eb| eB cÖKv‡ki Kv‡R Rvjvjvev` †mbvwbev‡mi c`vwZK I hyׇKŠkj
we`¨vcxV(SI&T) Gi cvVvMvi Ges wWGm mvBevi K¨v‡di mnvqZv MÖnY K‡iwQ| eBwUi cÖKvk m¤ú‡K©
AewnZ n‡q Rvjvjvev` †mbvwbev‡m Kg©iZ mvgwiK I †emvgwiK e¨w³eM© Avgv‡K Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb|
Rvjvjvev` K¨v›Ub‡g›U †ev‡W©i Kg©Pvixe„›` Ges D”P we`¨vj‡qi wkÿKe„›` G Kv‡R Avgv‡K mn‡hvwMZv
K‡i‡Qb| Avgvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨e„›` G Kv‡R Avgv‡K Drmvn, civgk© I mnvqZv w`‡q‡Qb| eB cÖKv‡k huviv
mn‡hvwMZv, civgk© I Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb Zuv‡`i mKj‡K ab¨ev` RvbvB| eBwUi ¯^Z¡ msiwÿZ n‡jI webv
g~‡j¨ weZi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv cybtAbywjwc ev cybg©`y ªY Ki‡Z †Kvb AbygwZ jvM‡e bv| eB m¤ú‡K© †h †Kvb
gZvgZ Ges eB Gi gvb AviI DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ †h †Kvb civgk© mvb‡›` MÖnY Kiv n‡e| mKj †hvMv‡hvM
e-mail wVKvbvq Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv nj| Avjøvn Avgv‡`i‡K e`vb¨ †KviAv‡bi †mev Kivi mvg_©¨
w`K| Avgxb|
RvKvwiqv
wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v
Rvjvjvev` †mbvwbevm
wm‡jU|
zakariaalhafiz@yahoo.com
Ôe`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv-mswÿß ZvR¡x` wbqgvewj mnÕ|
cÖ_g e-book cÖKvk 1 ˆekvL 1417 e½vã/14 GwcÖj 2010 wLª÷vã
msKj‡b t RvKvwiqv, K¨v›Ub‡g›U Gw·wKDwUf Awdmvi, Rvjvjvev` †mbvwbevm, wm‡jU|
MÖš’¯^Z¡ t †jLK| gy³m¤¢vi(Freeware)| webv g~‡j¨ weZi‡Yi Rb¨ cybtAbywjwc I gy`ªY †hvM¨|
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv t zakariaalhafiz@yahoo.com
5
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ
ﺔﻘﹶﺪِّﻣﭐﻟﹾﻤ-f‚wgKv.................................................................................................................. 2
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ ................................................................................................................. 6
ﻝﻞﹸ ﭐﻷَ=ﻭﭐﻟﹾﻔﹶﺼ-cÖ_g Aa¨vq
1100. cª_g cwi‡”Q` t ﺑِـﻰﺮﭐﻟﻠﱠﻔﹾﻆﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﻌ-Aviwe D”PviY ................................................................11
1200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q` t ـﺔﺎﺋِـﻴ ﭐﻟﹾـﻬِﺠﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-Aviwe eY©gvjv .................................................... 13
1300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻭﻑﺮ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﺎﺭِﺝﺨﻣ-eY© Drcw˯’j ......................................................... 15
1310.ﻔﹶﺔﭐﻟﺸ-†VuvU, 1311.wbP †VuvU, 1312.`yB †VuvU............................................................... 15
1320. ﺎﻥﭐﻟﻠِّﺴ-wRnŸv .................................................................................................... 15
1320.cÖvšÍwRnŸv1, 1321.cÖvšÍwRnŸv2, 1322.cÖvšÍwRnŸv3, 1323.cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô1, 1324.cÖvšÍwRnŸv
c„ô2, 1325.ewntcvk¦© wRnŸv........................................................................................ 16
1326.cvk¦©wRnŸv, 1327.ga¨wRnŸv, 1328.AšÍwR©nŸv1, 1329.AšÍwR©nŸv2 ............................... 17
1330. ﻠﹾﻖﭐﻟﹾﺤ-Mjv, 1331.ewnt Mjv, 1332.ga¨ Mjv ........................................................... 17
1333.Mfxi Mjv...................................................................................................... 18
1340. ﻑﻮﭐﻟﹾﺠ-AšÍi ................................................................................................... 18
1350. gyL MnŸi.......................................................................................................... 18
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý ........................................................................... 19
1410. ﻛﹶﺔﺮﺣ-¯^i, 1411.ﺔﺤﻓﹶﺘ-Avѯ^i, 1412.ﺔﻤﺿ-Dѯ^i ................................................... 19
1413.ﺓﺮﻛﹶﺴ-Bѯ^i.................................................................................................. 20
1420. ﻜﹸﻮﻥﺳ-bxieZv.................................................................................................. 20
1430. ﺪﭐﻟﹾـﻤ-`xN©vqb .................................................................................................... 20
1431.ﺪ ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒﻣ-AvÑ`xN©vqb, 1432.ﺍﻭﺪ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻮﻣ-DÑ`xN©vqb, 1433.ﺎﺀﺪ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻴﻣ-BÑ`xN©vqb ........... 21
1440. ﻮِﻳﻦﻨﭐﻟﺘ-bÑZ¡ ..................................................................................................... 21
1441.ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨﺗ-AvÑb-Z¡, 1442.ﺔﻤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﻀﻨﺗ-DÑb-Z¡, 1443.ﺓﺮﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻜﹶﺴﻨﺗ-BÑb-Z¡ ..... 22
1450. ﺓﺪﭐﻟﺸ-wØiæw³.................................................................................................... 23
1451.ﺔﺤﺓ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﺪﺷ-AvÑwØiæw³, 1452.ﺔﻤﺓ ﺑِﭑﻟﻀﺪﺷ-DÑwØiæw³, 1453.ﺓﺮﺓ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻜﹶﺴﺪﺷ-BÑwØiæw³ 23
1454.ﺓﺪﺑِﭑﻟﺸ
ﺪﻣ-`xN©vqb wØiæw³................................................................................. 23
1455.ﺓﺪﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﺸﻨﺗ-bÑZ¡ wØiæw³ ................................................................................ 24
6
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1460. ﺓﺰﻤﭐﻟﹾـﻬ-Pvjbv, 1461.ﻗﹶﻄﹾﻊ
ﺓﹸﺰﻤﻫ-†Q` Pvjbv, 1462.ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤﻫ-ms‡hvM Pvjbv ................ 24
1470. ﭐﻝ-wbw`©óZv Ae¨q............................................................................................... 25
1471.ﺔﺮِﻳﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻤ
ﭐﻝ-Pv›`ª wbw`©óZv, 1472.ﺔﺴِﻴﻤﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﺸ-†mŠi wbw`©óZv...................................... 26
1480. ﻮﻃﹶﺔﺑﺮﺎﺀ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﭐﻟﺘ-e×ÑZ ......................................................................................... 26
1500. cÂg cwi‡”Q` t ﺔﺻ+ﻼﺧ-mvims‡ÿc........................................................................... 27
1600. lô cwi‡”Q`
۱-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-1 . . . . .30
۲-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-2 . . . . .43
ﻞﹸ ﭐﻟﺜﱠﺎﻧِﻰﭐﻟﹾﻔﹶﺼ-wØZxq Aa¨vq
2100. cª_g cwi‡”Q` t ﺪﭐﻟﹾﻤ-`xN©vqb .................................................................................... 49
2110. ﺪﭐﻟﹾﻤ-`xN©vqb ..................................................................................................... 49
2120. ﻠِﻰﺪ ﺃﹶﺻﻣ-†gŠwjK `xN©vqb, 2121.ﻃﹶﺒِﻴﻌِﻰ
ﺪﻣ-cÖK„Z `xN©vqb, 2122.ﻝﺪﺪ ﺑﻣ-cwiewZ©Z `xN©vqb
2123.ﺽﻮﻋ
49
ﺪﻣ-wewbgqx `xN©vqb................................................................................. 50
2130. ﺍﺋِﺪﺪ ﺯﻣ-AwZwi³ `xN©vqb, 2131.ﺼِﻞﺘﺪ ﻣﻣ-mshy³ `xN©vqb, 2132.ﻔﹶﺼِﻞﻨﺪ ﻣﻣ-c„_K `xN©vqb 50
2133.ﺯِﻡ+ﺪ ﻻﻣ-Avewk¨K `xN©vqb, 2134.ﺎﺭِﺽﺪ ﻋﻣ-cvk¦© `xN©vqb ........................................ 51
2135.ﺪ ﻟِﲔﻣ-mnR `xN©vqb ........................................................................................ 52
2200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q` t ﺔـﻔﹶﺮِّﻋـﺘ ﭐﻟﹾﻤـﻄﹸـﻖﭐﻟـﻨ-cvk¦© D”PviY ......................................................... 52
2210. ﺔﻨﭐﻟﹾﻐ-¸b¸b....................................................................................................... 53
2220. ﻔﹶﺎﺀﭐﻹِ=ﺧ-ms¸wß.................................................................................................. 54
2230. ﻏﹶﺎﻡﭐﻹِ=ﺩ-mwÜ ..................................................................................................... 54
2231.ﻏﹶﺎﻡ ﻛﹶﺎﻣِﻞﭐﺩ-c~Y©v½ mwÜ..................................................................................... 55
2232.ﺎﻗِﺺﻏﹶﺎﻡ ﻧﭐﺩ-AvswkK mwÜ ................................................................................. 56
2240. ms¸wß(ﻔﹶﺎﺀ )ﭐﺧGes mwÜ(ﻏﹶﺎﻡ )ﭐﺩGi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ ....................................................... 56
2250. ﭐﻹِ=ﻗﹾﻼﹶﺏ-Dëb .................................................................................................. 57
2260. ﺎﺭﭐﻹِ=ﻇﹾﻬ-cwiùzUb...............................................................................................57
7
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
2300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻗِﻴﻖﺮﭐﻟـﺘ
ﻭﻔﹾﺨِﻴﻢﭐﻟﺘ-†gvUvKiY I wPKbKiY ............................................ 58
2310. ﻔﹾﺨِﻴﻢﭐﻟﺘ-†gvUvKiY..............................................................................................58
2320. ﻗِﻴﻖﺮﭐﻟﺘ-wPKbKiY...............................................................................................58
2330. ﻗِﻴﻖﺮﭐﻟﺘﻭ
ﻔﹾﺨِﻴﻢ ﭐﻟﺘﺘِﻼﹶﻑﭐﺧ-e¨wZµg, 2331.ÔﻝÕ eY© ...................................................58
2332.¸b¸b(ﺔ)ﻏﹸﻨ, 2333.Av-`xN©vqb-ﺪ ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒﻣ, 2334.ÔﺭÕ eY© ........................................ 59
2400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﺔﺻ+ﻼﺧ-mvims‡ÿc .......................................................................... 61
2500. cÂg cwi‡”Q`
۳ -ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-3. . . . . .65
٤-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-4. . . . . . .66
٥-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-5. . . . . . . 68
ﻞﹸ ﭐﻟﺜﱠﺎﻟِﺚﭐﻟﹾﻔﹶﺼ-Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
3100. cª_g cwi‡”Q` t ﻭﻑﺮ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﺻِﻔﹶﺎﺕ-eY© ˆewkó¨ ...............................................................77
3110. ﺓﺪﺣﻮ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﭐﻟﺼِّﻔﹶﺎﺕ-GKKag©x ˆewkó¨, 3111.ﻔِﲑﭐﻟﺼ-wkl .............................................. 77
3112.ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻠﹾﻘﹶﻠﹶﺔ-Av‡jvob, 3113.ﭐﻟﻠِّﲔ-mnR, 3114.ﺍﻑﺤِﺮﭐﻹِ=ﻧ-wePz¨wZ, 3115.ﻜﹾﺮِﻳﺮﭐﻟﺘ-cybive„wË,
3116.ﻔﹶﺸِّﻰﭐﻟﺘ-we¯Ívi, 3117.ﺘِﻄﹶﺎﻟﹶﺔﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-j¤^vqb ...............................................................78
3118.ﭐﻟﹾﺨِﻔﹶﺎﺀ-jyKv‡bv, 3119.ﺔﻨﭐﻟﹾﻐ-¸b¸b ...................................................................... 79
3120.ﺔﺎﺭِﺑﻀﺘ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﭐﻟﺼِّﻔﹶﺎﺕ-wecixZag©x ˆewkó¨, 3121.ﻼﹶﺀﺘِﻌﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-EaŸ©Mgb, 3122.ﺘِﻔﹶﺎﻝﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-AatMgb 79
3200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻞﺻﭐﻟﹾﻮ ﻭﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-weiwZ I kã ms†hvM ..................................................80
3210. ﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-weiwZ .................................................................................................... 80
3220. ﻞﺻﭐﻟﹾﻮ-kã ms†hvM ............................................................................................ 82
3300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﺬﹸﻭﻓﹶﺔﺤ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ-ewR©Z eY©vw`........................................................ 82
3310. ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﺼِﲑﭐﻷَ=ﻟِﻒ-†QvU Av........................................................................................ 82
3320. ﺎﺀ ﻳﺍﻭ ﻭﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺬﹾﻑﺣ-ewR©Z D Ges B `xN©vqb ...........................................................83
3330. ﺎﺀ ﭐﻟﹾﻴﺬﹾﻑﺣ-ewR©Z ﻯ.........................................................................................83
3340. ﻮﻥ ﭐﻟﻨﺬﹾﻑﺣ-ewR©Z ﻥ.........................................................................................83
3350. ﺍﺋِﺪﻑ ﺯﺮﺣ-AwZwi³ eY©......................................................................................83
8
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
3360. ﺪ ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒﻣ
ﺬﹾﻑﺣ-ewR©Z Av-`xN©vqb ...................................................................... 83
3400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﺔﺼِّﺼـﺨـﺘ ﭐﻟﹾﻤـﻄﹸﻖﭐﻟـﻨ-we‡klvwqZ D”PviY ............................................... 84
3410. ﻠﹶﺔﻬﺴﺓﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﺰﻤﭐﻟﹾﻬ-mnR Pvjbv................................................................................. 84
3420. ﺎﻟﹶﺔﻤ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﭐﻷَﻟِﻒ-†njv‡bvÑAv .................................................................................. 84
3430. ﺔ ﭐﻟﺴِّﻴﻨِﻴﺎﺩﭐﻟﺼ-ﺱK…Z ﺹ..................................................................................... 84
3440. ﺔﻜﹾﺘﭐﻟﺴ-wb¯ÍäZv ................................................................................................84
3450. ﻡﻭﭐﻟﺮ-†SuvK ...................................................................................................... 85
3460. ﺎﻡﻤﭐﻹِ=ﺷ-dzuK .................................................................................................... 85
3470.ﻦﻴﺎﻛِﻨ ﭐﻟﺴﺎﻕﭐﻟﹾﺘِﺤ-GKwÎZ bxieZv, 3471.GKB k‡ãi g‡a¨, 3472.`yÕwU k‡ãi ga¨eZ©x ...... 86
3500. cÂg cwi‡”Q` t ﺔﺻ+ﻼﺧ-mvims‡ÿc .......................................................................... 88
3600. lô cwi‡”Q`
٦-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤﺗ- t Abykxjb-6 .. . . . . . . 93
۷-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-7 . . . . . . . . 94
ﺍﺑِﻊﻞﹸ ﭐﻟﺮﭐﻟﹾﻔﹶﺼ- PZz_© Aa¨vq
4100. cª_g cwi‡”Q` t ﭐﻟﹾﻜﹶﺮِﱘ
ﺀَﺍﻥﹸﭐﻟﹾﻘﹸﺮ-e`vb¨ †KviAvb............................................................. 98
4110. ﺀَﺍﻥِ ﭐﻟﹾﻜﹶﺮِﱘﺍﺀَﺓﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹸﺮﻞﹸ ﻗِﺮﻓﹶﻀ-e`vb¨ †KviAvb cv‡Vi ¸iæZ¡ ............................................ 102
4120. e`vb¨ †KviAvb cv‡Vi wkóvPvi............................................................................. 103
4200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻮِﻳﺪـﺠﭐﻟـﺘ-DËgvqb......................................................................... 104
4210.ﻮِﻳﺪﺠ ﭐﻟﺘﺍﺗِﺐﺮﻣ-DËgvq‡bi ¯Íi, 4211.ﺗِﻴﻞﺮﺗ-Ave„wË, 4212.ﻭِﻳﺮﺪﺗ-Pµvqb,4213.ﺭﺪﺣ-`ªæZQ›` .. 105
4220. ﻦﭐﻟﻠﱠﺤ-D”PviY weåvU......................................................................................... 105
4221.ﻠِﻰﭐﻟﹾﺠ
ﻦﭐﻟﻠﱠﺤ-¯úó weåvU, 4222.ﻔِﻰ ﭐﻟﹾﺨﻦﭐﻟﻠﱠﺤ-myß weåvU...................................... 106
4300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﺍﺀـﺘـِﺪﭐﻹِ=ﺑ-cvV m~Pbv........................................................................ 107
4310. ﺎﺫﹶﺓﺘِﻌﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-wb®‹…wZ Kvgbv..................................................................................... 107
4320. ﻠﹶﺔﻤﺴﭐﻟﹾﺒ-bvgRc............................................................................................... 108
4330. ﺍﺀـﺘِﺪﭐﻹِ=ﺑ-cvVm~Pbv ............................................................................................ 109
4331.ﺓﻮﺭﺔﹸ ﭐﻟﺴﺍﻳﺑِﺪ-cvjvi cÖ_g, 4332.ﺓﻮﺭﻂﹸ ﭐﻟﺴﺳﻭ-cvjvi ga¨eZ©x ............................... 109
4333.ﻦﻴﺗﻮﺭ ﺳﻦﻴﺑ-`yB cvjvi ga¨eZ©x, 4334.ﺔﺑﻮﺓﹸ ﭐﻟﺘﻮﺭﺳ-ZIev cvjv...............................110
9
ﺮِﺱﭐﻟﹾﻔِﻬ-m~wPcÎ t
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
4400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﺎﻑﺘِﺄﹾﻧﭐﻹِ=ﺳﻭ
ﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-cvV weiwZ Ges cybiv¤¢KiY......................................111
4410. ﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-cvV weiwZ, 4411.ﺎﺭِﻯﺘِﺒ ﭐﻹِ=ﺧﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-cixÿY weiwZ, 4412.ﺍﺭِﻯﻄِﺮ ﭐﻹِ=ﺿﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮwbiæcvq weiwZ............................................................................................................112
4413.ﺘِﻈﹶﺎﺭِﻯﭐﻹِ=ﻧ
ﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-A‡cÿgvY weiwZ ...................................................................113
4414.ﺎﺭِﻯﺘِﻴ ﭐﻹِ=ﺧﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-Hw”QK weiwZ........................................................................113
1.ﻻﺯِﻡ
< ﭐﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-Avewk¨K weiwZ, 2.ﺎﻡ ﭐﻟﺘﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-c~Y©v½ weiwZ ........................................114
3.ﺎﺋِﺰ ﭐﻟﹾﺠﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-Aby‡gvw`Z weiwZ, 4.ﻗﹾﻒ ﭐﻟﹾﻮﻖﺎﻧﻌﺗ-GKwÎZ weiwZ, 5. ﭐﻟﹾﻜﹶﺎﻑﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-h‡_ó
weiwZ, 6.ﻦﺴ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-myÑweiwZ..........................................................................115
7. ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﺒِﻴﺢﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-KzÑweiwZ ....................................................................................116
4420. ﺎﻑﺘِﺄﹾﻧﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-cvV cybiv¤¢KiY, 4421.ﻦﺴ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﺎﻑﺘِﺄﹾﻧﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-myÑcybiv¤¢ ................................116
4422. ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﺒِﻴﺢﺎﻑﺘِﺄﹾﻧﭐﻹِ=ﺳ-KzÑcybiv¤¢ ............................................................................117
4430. ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻄﹾﻊ-cvV mgvwß..............................................................................................117
4500. cÂg cwi‡”Q` t ﺍﺧِﺮِ ﭐﻟﹾﻜﹶﻠِﻢﻠﹶﻰ ﺃﹶﻭ ﻋﻗﹾﻒﭐﻟﹾﻮ-kã †k‡l weiwZ............................................117
4510. ﺤِﺾﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﭐﻟﺴ-cig bxieZv............................................................................117
4520. ﻡﻭﭐﻟﺮ-†SuvK .....................................................................................................118
4530. ﺎﻡﻤﭐﻹِ=ﺷ-dzuK ...................................................................................................118
4540. ﺬﹾﻑﭐﻟﹾﺤ-eR©b ..................................................................................................119
4550. ﺍﻝﺪﭐﻹِ=ﺑ-cwieZ©b ...............................................................................................119
4600. lô cwi‡”Q` t ﺓﻭ+ﺓﹸ ﭐﻟﺘِّﻼﺪﺠﺳ-cvV cÖwYcvZ................................................................. 120
4700. mßg cwi‡”Q` t ﺀَﺍﻥِ ﭐﻟﹾﻜﹶﺮِﱘﻂﱡ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹸﺮﺧ-e`vb¨ †KviAv‡bi wjLb‰kjx................................... 120
4800. Aóg cwi‡”Q` t ﺔﺻ+ﻼﺧ-mvims‡ÿc ......................................................................... 124
4900.beg cwi‡”Q`
۸-ﺮِﻳﻦﻤ ﺗt Abykxjb-8 . . . . . 127
ﺎﺕ ﭐﻟﹾﻜﹶﻠِﻤﺮِﺱﻓِﻬ-kã wbN©È .............................................................................................. 136
ﺍﺟِﻊﺮﭐﻟﹾﻤ-MÖš’cwÄ............................................................................................................ 138
10
1100. cª_g cwi‡”Q` t ﺑِـﻰﺮﭐﻟﹾﻌ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﭐﻟﻠﱠﻔﹾﻆﹸ-Aviwe D”PviY
ﻝﻞﹸ ﭐﻷَ=ﻭﭐﻟﹾﻔﹶﺼ
cÖ_g Aa¨vq
1100. cª_g cwi‡”Q`
ﺑِـﻰﺮﭐﻟﻠﱠﻔﹾﻆﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﻌ-Aviwe D”PviY
Aviwe fvlvq 28wU eY©(ﻑﺮ )ﺣi‡q‡Q h_vÑ ﺍ,
ﺏ, ﺕ, ﺙ, ﺝ, ﺡ, ﺥ, ﺩ, ﺫ, ﺭ, ﺯ, ﺱ, ﺵ,
ﺹ, ﺽ, ﻁ, ﻅ, ﻉ, ﻍ, ﻑ, ﻕ, ﻙ, ﻝ, ﻡ, ﻥ, ﻫ, ﻭGes |ﻯAviwe fvlvq wjLv ÔWvb †_‡K evgÕ w`‡K
hvq hv evsjv-Bs‡iwR fvlvi wjLbixwZ Ôevg †_‡K WvbÕ Gi wecixZ| wjLvi mgq evsjvi g‡Zv Aviwe
eY©¸‡jv mvaviYZt c~e© Ges c‡ii e‡Y©i mv‡_ hy³ nq| k‡ãi g‡a¨ e‡Y©i wewfbœ Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨ h_vk‡ãi ïiæ, ga¨, †kl Ges GKK Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨ e‡Y©i AvK…wZ cwiewZ©Z nq|
eY©¸‡jv‡Z ¯^i †`qvi Rb¨ e‡Y© wZb ai‡bi MwZ ev ¯^i Av‡ivwcZ nq hv‡K ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣe‡j|
¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z nv‡Zi gywó eÜ Ki‡Z ev Lyj‡Z †h mgq jv‡M Zv ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß|
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi e¨vwß e„w×i Rb¨ wZbwU eY© h_vÑﺃﹶﻟِﻒ,
ﻭ
Ges
ﻯ
e¨eüZ nq| ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi e¨vwß
ewa©ZKiY‡K `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣe‡j| Aci GKwU Ae¨q i‡q‡Q hv‡K Pvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ )ﻫe‡j hvi wPý n‡”QÑ
ﭐ
ev
|ﺀPvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ†)ﻫK eY© wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq bv, GwU we‡kl ai‡bi Ae¨q ev djv| eY©¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cÖ_g
eY© Ôﺍ-ﺃﹶﻟِﻒÕ Gi ¯^vaxb Aw¯ÍZ¡ ev D”PviY †bB| Zv nq Pvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ )ﻫGi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡q Av, D, B ev
nmšÍ hy³ ÔAvÕ aŸwb ˆZwi K‡i A_ev `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣeY© wn‡m‡e Ab¨e‡Y©i mv‡_ hy³ n‡q `xN© ÔvÕ Av-Kvi aŸwb
ˆZwi K‡i| Avevi KL‡bv Ab¨ e‡Y©i mv‡_ AwZwi³ wn‡m‡e hy³ _v‡K| G†Z †`Lv hvq D”Pvi‡Yi w`K
†_‡K Aviwe fvlvq eY© i‡q‡Q 31wU h_v- ﺃﹶﻟِﻒe¨ZxZ eY© 27wU, `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣ3wU Ges Pvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ |)ﻫe‡Y©
†hgb ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣAv‡ivc Kiv hvq †Zgwb bxieZv ev nmšÍ Av‡ivc Kiv hvq| bxieZv‡K ﻜﹸﻮﻥ ﺳe‡j| †h
e‡Y©i Dci bxieZv Av‡ivc Kiv nq Zv‡K bxie eY©(ﺎﻛِﻦﺳ
ﻑﺮ )ﺣe‡j| ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ)ﺣ, bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ)ﺳ
Ges KZ¸‡jv e‡Y©i mgš^‡q AviI K‡qK ai‡bi ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮˆ )ﺣZwi nq| Aviwe fvlvq k‡ãi †kl e‡Y©i
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣmvaviYZt cwieZ©bkxj| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y k‡ãi †kl e‡Y©i ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣcwiewZ©Z nq| Avevi
†Kvb k‡ã weiwZ w`‡j †m k‡ãi †kl e‡Y©i ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi wejywß N‡U Ges mvaviYZt bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ)ﺳ
Av‡ivwcZ nq| G Rb¨ †Kvb kã GKKfv‡e _vK‡j ev cieZ©x k‡ãi mv‡_ ms‡hvM bv n‡j †kl e‡Y©i
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi wPý mvaviYZt †`qv nq bv Ges †kl e‡Y© bxieZv Av‡ivwcZ n‡q‡Q e‡j MY¨ nq| Aviwe
11
1100. cª_g cwi‡”Q` t ﺑِـﻰﺮﭐﻟﹾﻌ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﭐﻟﻠﱠﻔﹾﻆﹸ-Aviwe D”PviY
fvlvq eY©(ﻑﺮ)ﺣ, ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGes `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣGi mvaviY D”PviY cÖwµqv i‡q‡Q hv‡K †gŠwjK(ﻠِﻰ)ﺃﹶﺻ
D”PviY e‡j| G ai‡bi D”PviY AvaywbK Aviwe fvlvq Z_v K_¨ fvlvq cÖPwjZ| †gŠwjK D”PviY QvovI
e`vb¨ †KviAv‡b we‡kl ai‡bi wKQz D”PviY i‡q‡Q| G we‡kl D”PviY‡K cvk¦(© ﻋِﻰ )ﻓﹶﺮD”PviY e‡j|
Aviwe D”PviY Z_v e`vb¨ †KviAvb cv‡V me‡P‡q †ewk †h ÎæwU jÿYxq †mwU n‡”Q Aviwe eY©‡K Ab¨
fvlvi e‡Y©i g‡Zv D”PviY Kiv| cÖwZwU fvlvi eY© D”PviY cÖwµqv Avjv`v| Aviwe fvlvi eY© D”PviY Ges
evsjv ev Bs‡iwR fvlvi eY© D”PviY m¤ú~Y© c„_K| †hgb Aviwe fvlvi ÔﻑÕ, evsjv fvlvi ÔdÕ Ges Bs‡iwR
fvlvi ÔFÕ G wZb eY© GKB iKg g‡b n‡jI cÖK…Zc‡ÿ wZbwU eY© c„_K Ges wZbwUi D”PviY cÖwµqv wfbœ|
†Zgwb Aviwe fvlvi Ô ﺍ-
ﺃﹶﻟِﻒÕ evsjv fvlvi ÔAvÕ Ges Bs‡iwR fvlvi ÔAÕ wZbwU c„_K eY©, GKwUi mv‡_
Ab¨wUi wgj †bB| Aviwe fvlvi eY©¸‡jv‡K Aviwe fvlvi g‡Zv D”PviY Ki‡Z nq, evsjv ev Bs‡iwR e‡Y©i
g‡Zv D”PviY Kiv hvq bv| Aviwe fvlvq ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGes `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣGi mywbw`©ó D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß
i‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b evsjv ev Bs‡iwR fvlvq ¯^iaŸwbi e¨vwßKv‡j ZviZg¨ i‡q‡Q| †hgb evsjv fvlvq ÔKvgvjÕ
k‡ã `yÕwU ÔAv-KviÕ GKB ¯^i n‡jI `yÕwUi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ Avjv`v| †Zgwb ÔwUKwUwKÕ I ÔmwVKÕ k‡ã ÔBKviÕ Gi D”PviY ˆ`‡N©¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| Avevi Bs‡iwR fvlvq ÔbookÕ Ges ÔfoolÕ kã `yÕwUi D-Kvi aŸwb
m¤ú~Y© Avjv`v Ges `yÕwUi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ wfbœ| wKš‘ Aviwe fvlvq ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGes `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣGi e¨vwß
mywbw`©ó Ges wbw`©ó KviY e¨ZxZ D”PviY ˆ`‡N©¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ nq bv, evsjv ev Bs‡iwR fvlvi ¯^iaŸwbi e¨vwß
†_‡K Zv wfbœ| evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR fvlvq e‡Y©i wP‡ýi mv‡_ D”Pvi‡Yi wgj A‡bK mgq _v‡K bv| †hgb
evsjv fvlvq ÔAZxZÕ k‡ãi D”PviY ÔAwZZ&Õ n‡jI ÔAZxeÕ k‡ãi D”PviY ÔIwZ‡evÕ, Bs‡iwR fvlvq ÔreadÕ
k‡ãi D”PviY ÔrdÕ Ges ÔredÕ DfqB n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ Aviwe fvlvq eY© Ges Av‡ivwcZ ¯^iwPý(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ)ﺣ
Gi mv‡_ D”Pvi‡Yi wgj _v‡K, wbw`©ó KviY e¨ZxZ Gi e¨wZµg nq bv| evsjv ev Bs‡iwR fvlvq covi
mgq cÖwZ kã c„_Kfv‡e D”PvwiZ nq Z_v kã mg~‡ni ga¨eZ©x mswÿß GKwU weiwZ _v‡K| wKš‘ Aviwe
fvlvq avivevwnK co‡j k‡ãi ga¨eZ©x ej‡Z †M‡j †Kvb weiwZ _v‡K bv Ges cÖvqkt `yÕwU k‡ãi g‡a¨
D”PviY ms‡hvM N‡U|
Bs‡iwR fvlvq cÖavbZt `yÕwU fvlvixwZ cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q h_v- British English Ges American
English| Bs‡iwR fvlvi G `yÕwU ixwZ‡Z D”PviY, evbvb BZ¨vw`‡Z cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI A_© w`K †_‡K GKB|
Avevi evsjv fvlvq mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZ, evsjv‡`‡ki evsjv Ges cwðg e‡½i evsjv fvlvixwZ i‡q‡Q|
Aviwe fvlvqI wewfbœ ai‡bi fvlvixwZ i‡q‡Q| e`vb¨ †KviAv‡b 7wU eY© ev fvlvixwZi e¨envi
Aby‡gvw`Z| G 7wU fvlvixwZ‡Z e`vb¨ †KviAvb cv‡Vi 10 ai‡bi c×wZ i‡q‡Q|
12
1200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q` t ـﺔﺎﺋِـﻴﭐﻟﹾـﻬِﺠ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-Aviwe eY©gvjv
1200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q`
ـﺔﺎﺋِـﻴ ﭐﻟﹾـﻬِﺠﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-Aviwe eY©gvjv
eY© I eY© bvg
eY© AvK…wZ
e‡Y©i Drcw˯’j
ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ
ﻭﻑﺮﻜﹶﺎﻝﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﺃﹶﺷ
evsjv
English
ﺝﺮﺨﻣ
ﺍ
ﺃﹶﻟِﻒ
ـﺎ،ﺍ
Av
A
ﺪ ﻣGi †ÿ‡Î AšÍi
ﺏ
ﺎﺀﺑ
ﺏ،ﺐ،ﺒ،ﺑ
e
B
`yB †VuvU
ﺕ
ﺎﺀﺗ
ﺓ، ﺔ، ﺕ، ﺖ، ﺘ، ﺗ
Z
T
cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL `šÍg~j
ﺙ
ﺛﹶﺎﺀ
ﺙ،ﺚ،ﺜ،ﺛ
Q
‘Th’ as in
thanks
ﺝ
ﺟِﻴﻢ
ﺝ،ﺞ،ﺠ،ﺟ
R
J
ﺡ
ﺎﺀﺣ
ﺡ،ﺢ،ﺤ،ﺣ
n
H no
equivalent
ga¨Mjv
ﺥ
ﺎﺀﺧ
ﺥ، ﺦ، ﺨ،ﺧ
L
‘Kh’ as in
khaki
ewnt Mjv
ﺩ
ﺍﻝﺩ
ـﺪ،ﺩ
`
D
cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL `šÍg~j
ﺫ
ﺫﹶﺍﻝ
ـﺬ،ﺫ
S
‘th’ as in
than
ﺭ
ﺍﺀﺭ
ـﺮ،ﺭ
i
R
ﺯ
ﺍﻯﺯ
ـﺰ،ﺯ
R
Z
ﺱ
ﺳِﲔ
ﺱ،ﺲ،ﺴ،ﺳ
m
S
cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL
`šÍcÖvšÍ
cvk¦©wRnŸv msjMœ cÖvšÍwRnŸv (Ges
Dci Zvjy‡Z ms¯úk©)
Dci I wbP `‡šÍi gvSvgvwS cÖvšÍwRnŸv
Ges wbP m¤§yL `šÍcÖv‡šÍi ms¯úk©
Dci I wbP `‡šÍi gvSvgvwS cÖvšÍwRnŸv
Ges wbP m¤§yL `šÍcÖv‡šÍi ms¯úk©
ﺵ
ﺷِﲔ
ﺵ،ﺶ،ﺸ،ﺷ
k
‘Sh’ as in
shine
ﺝGi ci ga¨wRnŸv Ges Dci Zvjy
ﺹ
ﺎﺩﺻ
ﺹ، ﺺ، ﺼ، ﺻ
l
‘S’ no
equivalent
ﺽ
ﺎﺩﺿ
ﺽ،ﺾ،ﻀ،ﺿ
`
‘Dh’ no
equivalent
Dci I wbP `‡šÍi gvSvgvwS cÖvšÍwRnŸv
Ges wbP m¤§yL `šÍcÖv‡šÍi ms¯úk©
wRnŸv GK ev Dfq cvk¦© Ges msjMœ
Dci Pe©b`šÍ
13
cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL
`šÍcÖvšÍ
ga¨wRnŸv Ges Dci Zvjy
1200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q` t ـﺔﺎﺋِـﻴﭐﻟﹾـﻬِﺠ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-Aviwe eY©gvjv
1200. wØZxq cwi‡”Q`
eY© I eY© bvg
eY© AvK…wZ
e‡Y©i Drcw˯’j
ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ
ﻭﻑﺮﻜﹶﺎﻝﹸ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﺃﹶﺷ
evsjv
English
ﺝﺮﺨﻣ
ﻁ
ﻃﹶﺎﺀ
ﻁ، ﻄـ، ﻃـ
V
‘T’ no
equivalent
cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL `šÍg~j
ﻅ
ﻇﹶﺎﺀ
ﻅ، ـﻈـ، ﻇـ
h
‘Th’ no
equivalent
ﻉ
ﻦﻴﻋ
ﻉ،ﻊ،ﻌ،ﻋ
Av
A no
equivalent
cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL
`šÍcÖvšÍ
ga¨Mjv
ﻍ
ﻦﻏﹶﻴ
ﻍ،ﻎ،ﻐ،ﻏ
M
‘G’ as r in
French.
ﻑ
ﻓﹶﺎﺀ
ﻑ،ﻒ،ﻔ،ﻓ
d
F
ﻕ
ﻗﹶﺎﻑ
ﻕ،ﻖ،ﻘ،ﻗ
K
‘K’
ﻙ
ﻛﹶﺎﻑ
ﻙ،ﻚ،ﻜ،ﻛ
K
K
ﻝ
ﻻﻡ+
ﻝ،ﻞ،ﻠ،ﻟ
j
L
ﻡ
ﻣِﻴﻢ
ﻡ،ﻢ،ﻤ،ﻣ
g
M
ﻥ
ﻮﻥﻧ
ﻥ،ﻦ،ﻨ،ﻧ
b
N
ﻫ
ﺎﺀﻫ
ﻩ،ﻪ،ﻬ،ﻫ
n
H
ﻭ
ﺍﻭﻭ
ـﻮ،ﻭ
I
W, O
ﻯ
ﺎﺀﻳ
ﻯ،ﻰ،ﻴ،ﻳ
Bq
Y, I
ﺀ
ﺓﺰﻤﻫ
Av, B,
D
A, E, U
، ﺅ، ـﺄ، ﺇ، ﺃ، ﺀ
ﺉ، ﺊ، ﺌ، ﺋ،ـﺆ
14
ewntMjv
wbP ‡VuvU Gi wfZi Ges Dci m¤§yL
`šÍcÖvšÍ
AšÍwR©nŸv Ges Dc‡ii big Zvjy
ﻕGi ci ga¨wRnŸvi Kv‡Q AšÍwR©nŸv
Ges Dc‡ii k³ Zvjy
ewnt wRnŸvcvk¦© Ges Dc‡ii msjMœ
Rvwg
`yB †VuvU
cvk¦©wRnŸvi ci cÖvšÍwRnŸv Ges Dci
m¤§yL Rvwg
Mfxi Mjvi ewnt Ask
`yB †VuvU| ﺪ ﻣGi †ÿ‡Î AšÍi
ﺵGi ci ga¨wRnŸv Ges Dci Zvjy|
ﺪ ﻣGi †ÿ‡Î AšÍi
Mfxi Mjv
1300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺎﺭِﺝﺨﻣ-eY© Drcw˯’j
1300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q`
ﻭﻑﺮ ﭐﻟﹾﺤﺎﺭِﺝﺨﻣ-eY© Drcw˯’j
Aviwe fvlvq eY©mg~n D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ c„_K c„_K Drcw˯’j i‡q‡Q hv‡K
ﺝﺮﺨ ﻣe‡j| e‡Y©i h_vh_
D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ Drcw˯’j m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Avek¨K| Aviwe fvlvq D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ `yÕ cÖKv‡ii Drcw˯’j
i‡q‡Q h_v- †gŠwjK(ﻠِﻰ )ﺃﹶﺻGes cvk¦©(ﻋِﻰ |)ﻓﹶﺮAviwe eY©gvjvi eY© mg~n D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ †gŠwjK
Drcw˯’j e¨eüZ nq hv G cwi‡”Q‡` Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| Aviwe fvlvq eY©gvjv Qvov wewfbœ ai‡bi we‡kl
aŸwb i‡q‡Q| G mKj we‡kl aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ cvk¦© Drcw˯’j e¨eüZ nq hv cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvwPZ
n‡e| Aviwe fvlvq eY© mg~‡ni †gŠwjK Drcw˯’j 4wU h_v- AšÍi, Mjv, wRnŸv Ges †VuvU| Gi mv‡_ `uvZ,
Rvwg Ges Zvjyi ms‡hvM n‡Z cv‡i| eY© D”Pvi‡Yi mgq AšÍi, Mjv, wRnŸv, †VuvU, `uvZ, Rvwg Ges Zvjyi
†h Ask e¨env‡ii K_v ejv n‡e †Kej †m Ask¸‡jv e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Ab¨
As‡ki mshyw³ bv nq| D”PviY¸‡jv mnRfv‡e nq, wRnŸv eµ nq bv| wRnŸvi wewfbœ Ask e¨eüZ nq
†hgb- AšÍwR©nŸv, ga¨wRnŸv, cvk¦©wRnŸv I cÖvšÍwRnŸv| cÖvšÍwRnŸv ej‡Z wRnŸvi AMÖfvM bq, wRnŸvi kxl© ev
AMÖfv‡Mi wfZ‡ii Ask n‡”Q cÖvšÍwRnŸv| eY© Drcw˯’j wPÎ w`‡q cwi‡”Q` 1350G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| eY©
Drcw˯’j mg~n wbgœiƒc,
1310. ﻔﹶﺔﭐﻟﺸ-†VuvU t ﻔﹶﺔﺷ-†Vuv‡U `yÕwU Drcw˯’j i‡q‡Q Ges G †_‡K 4wU eY© Drcbœ nq| h_v1311. wbP †VuvU t wbP †Vuv‡Ui wfZ‡ii Ask Ges Dci m¤§yL `šÍcÖvšÍ †_‡K |ﻑG eY© D”Pvi‡Y
†Vuv‡Ui wfZ‡ii big Ask e¨eüZ nq, Dc‡ii ev evwn‡ii Ask bq|
ِ ﻑ، ﻑ،ﻑ
1312. `yB †VuvU t Dfq †VuvU †_‡K ﺏ, ﻡI ﻭ |ﻭeY© D”Pvi‡Y `yÕ †VuvU e„Ë MVb K‡i|
ﻡI
ﺏD”Pvi‡Y `yÕ †VuvU ci¯úi †P‡c hvq, ﺏGKUz †Rv‡i Pv‡c| ِ ﻭ، ﻭ، ﻭ،ِ ﻡ، ﻡ، ﻡ،ِ ﺏ، ﺏ،ﺏ
1320. ﺎﻥﭐﻟﻠِّﺴ-wRnŸv t ﺎﻥﻟِﺴ-wRnŸvq 10wU Drcw˯’j i‡q‡Q Ges G †_‡K 18wU eY© Drcbœ nq| h_v-
15
1300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺎﺭِﺝﺨﻣ-eY© Drcw˯’j
1320. cÖvšÍwRnŸv1 t Dci I wbP m¤§yL `‡šÍi gvSvgvwS cÖvšÍwRnŸv Ges wbP m¤§yL `šÍcÖv‡šÍi
ms¯úk© †_‡K ﺯ,
ﺱ
ﺹ |ﺹD”Pvi‡Yi mgq wRnŸvi wcQb As‡ki EaŸ©Mgb nq Ges Zv
†gvUvMjvq D”PvwiZ nq| ﺹD”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ wRnŸv eµ n‡e bv ev Zv Ô†mvqv`Õ wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ
n‡e bv| G wZb eY© D”Pvi‡Y wk‡li gZ aŸwb ˆZwi nq| ِ ﺹ، ﺹ، ﺹ،ِ ﺱ، ﺱ، ﺱ،ِ ﺯ، ﺯ،ﺯ
Ges
1321. cÖvšÍwRnŸv2 t cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô msjMœ cÖvšÍwRnŸv †_‡K |ﺭGwU D”Pvi‡Yi mgq D”PviY
cybive„wË ev K¤úb n‡Z cv‡i| AwZwi³ D”PviY cybive„wË cwinv‡ii Rb¨ wRnŸv‡K Dci Zvjy‡Z
¯úk© Kiv‡Z nq (cwi‡”Q` 3115. cybive„wË-ﻜﹾﺮِﻳﺮ` ﭐﻟﺘªóe¨)| ِﺭ
، ﺭ،ﺭ
1322. cÖvšÍwRnŸv3 t wRnŸvi cvk¦© msjMœ cÖvšÍwRnŸv Ges Dci m¤§yL Rvwg †_‡K |ﻥ
1323. cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô1 t cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô I Dci m¤§yL `šÍg~j †_‡K
ﺕ, ﺩ
ِ ﻥ، ﻥﹸ،ﻥﹶ
Ges
ﻁ |ﻁ
D”Pvi‡Yi mgq wRnŸvi EaŸ©Mgb nq Ges Zv †gvUvMjvq D”PvwiZ nq| ﻁD”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ wRnŸv
eµ n‡e bv ev Zv Ô†ZvqvÕ wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ n‡e bv|
ِ ﻁ، ﻁﹸ، ﻁﹶ،ِ ﺩ، ﺩ، ﺩ،ِ ﺕ، ﺕ،ﺕ
1324. cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô2 t cÖvšÍwRnŸv c„ô I Dci m¤§yL `šÍcÖvšÍ †_‡K
ﺙ, ﺫGes |ﻅAviwe
fvlvq †Kej G wZbwU eY© D”Pvi‡Yi mgq wRnŸv gyL w`‡q mvg‡bi w`‡K †ei n‡q Av‡m Ges
wRnŸvc„ô Dci m¤§yL `šÍcÖv‡šÍi mv‡_ jv‡M| Zb¥‡a¨ ﻅD”Pvi‡Yi mgq wRnŸvi EaŸ©Mgb nq Ges
Zv †gvUvMjvq D”PvwiZ nq| ﻅD”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ wRnŸv eµ n‡e bv ev Zv Ô†RvqvÕ wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ
n‡e bv| jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z
ﺙeY©wU ﺱGi g‡Zv Ges ﺫeY©wU ﺯGi g‡Zv bv nq| ﺱGes
ﺯe‡Y©i D”PviY¯’j Dci-wbP `‡šÍi gvSvgvwS cÖvšÍwRnŸv Ges wbP m¤§yL `šÍcÖv‡šÍi ms¯úk© wKš‘
ﺙGes ﺫe‡Y©i Drcw˯’j cÖvšÍwRnŸvi c„ô Ges Dci m¤§yL `šÍcÖvšÍ|
ِ ﻅ، ﻅﹸ، ﻅﹶ،ِ ﺫ، ﺫﹸ، ﺫﹶ،ِ ﺙ، ﺙﹸ،ﺙﹶ
1325. ewnt cvk¦w© RnŸv t
Rvwg †_‡K
|ﻝ
ﻥGi Drcw˯’‡ji GKUz wfZ‡i ewnt cvk¦w© RnŸv Ges Dc‡ii msjMœ
GwU D”Pvi‡Yi mgq wRnŸv Dfq cvk¦© eivei cÖvšÍ ch©šÍ we¯—…Z RvqMv wb‡q
Rvwg‡Z jv‡M| jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wRnŸvi †KejgvÎ AMÖfvM e¨eüZ bv nq A_ev m¤§yL Mgb
bv nq| ِﻝ
، ﻝﹸ،ﻝﹶ
16
1300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺎﺭِﺝﺨﻣ-eY© Drcw˯’j
1326. cvk¦©wRnŸv t Dci Pe©b `uvZ I ZrmsjMœ wRnŸvi GK cvk¦© ev Dfq cvk¦© †_‡K
|ﺽ
wRnŸvi wcQ‡bi As‡ki evgcvk¦© †_‡K G eY© D”PviY Kiv mnRZi, Wvbcvk¦© †_‡K KwVb I Kg
e¨eüZ Ges Dfq cvk¦© †_‡K D”PviY Kiv AwaKZi KwVb| G eY© D”Pvi‡Yi mgq jÿ¨ ivL‡Z
ﺩ
e‡Y©i g‡Zv g‡b n‡e| G eY© D”Pvi‡Y
wRnŸvi EaŸ©Mgb nq Ges Zv †gvUvMjvq D”PvwiZ nq|
ﺽD”Pvi‡Y wRnŸv eµ n‡e bv, ev Zv
n‡e hv‡Z wRnŸvi AMÖfvM e¨eüZ bv nq d‡j Zv
Ô†`vqv`Õ wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ n‡e bv|
ِ ﺽ، ﺽ،ﺽ
ﺝ, ﺵGes |ﻯG wZbwU eY©
ﺝGes ﻯD”Pvi‡Yi mgq evZvm
1327. ga¨wRnŸv t ga¨wRnŸv Ges msjMœ Dci Zvjy †_‡K
D”Pvi‡Y jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †hb wRnŸvi ga¨vsk e¨eüZ nq|
evB‡i cÖevwnZ nq bv, Z‡e ﺵD”Pvi‡Yi mgq gyL evZv‡m fwZ© nq|
ِ ﻯ، ﻯ، ﻯ،ِ ﺵ، ﺵ، ﺵ،ِ ﺝ، ﺝ،ﺝ
1328. AšÍwR©nŸv1 t ga¨wRnŸv msjMœ AšÍwR©nŸv Ges Dci k³Zvjy †_‡K ﻙِ |ﻙ
، ﻙ،ﻙ
ﻙGi c‡i Mjvi mv‡_ hy³ Ask AvjwRnŸvi wbKU AšÍwR©nŸv Ges Dci
big Zvjy †_‡K |ﻕG eY© †gvUvMjvq D”PvwiZ nq Ges wRnŸvi EaŸ©Mgb nq| ﻕGes ﻙe‡Y©i
cv_©K¨ n‡”Q †h, ﻕe‡Y© wRnŸvi GK`g wfZ‡ii Ask Dc‡ii AvjwRnŸvi wbKU big Zvjyi mv‡_
jv‡M wKš‘ ﻙe‡Y© wRnŸvi wfZ‡ii Ask k³Zvjyi mv‡_ jv‡M| ِ ﻕ، ﻕ،ﻕ
1329. AšÍwR©nŸv2 t
1330. ﻠﹾﻖﭐﻟﹾﺤ-Mjv t ﻠﹾﻖﺣ-Mjvq wZbwU Drcw˯’j †_‡K 6wU e‡Y©i DrcwË nq, h_v1331. ewnt Mjv t gy‡Li wbKU Mjvi ewnt Ask| G †_‡K ﻍGes ﺥGi DrcwË nq| G `yÕwU
eY© †gvUvMjvq D”PvwiZ nq| eY© `yÕwU Mjv †_‡K D”PvwiZ n‡jI D”Pvi‡Yi mgq wRnŸvi
EaŸ©Mgb nq| eY© `yÕwU ¯^vfvweKfv‡e D”PvwiZ nq, AwZwi³ KmiZ ev K¤úb nq bv|
ِ ﻍ، ﻍﹸ، ﻍﹶ،ِ ﺥ، ﺥ،ﺥ
1332. ga¨ Mjv t Mfxi I ewnt Mjvi ga¨eZ©x Ask| G †_‡K ﻉGes ﺡGi DrcwË nq|
ِ ﻉ، ﻉ، ﻉ،ِ ﺡ، ﺡ،ﺡ
17
1300. Z…Zxq cwi‡”Q` t ﻭﻑﺮﭐﻟﹾﺤ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1333. Mfxi Mjv t ey‡Ki wVK Dc‡ii Ask Mjvi MfxiZg ¯’vb †_‡K
Gi DrcwË nq|
1340.
ﺎﺭِﺝﺨﻣ-eY© Drcw˯’j
ﺓﺰﻤ ﻫGes Zvici ﻫ
ِ ﻫ،ُ ﻫ،َ ﻫ،ِ ﺇ، ﺃﹸ،ﺃﹶ
ﻑﻮﭐﻟﹾﺠ-AšÍi t ﻑﻮﺟ-AšÍi nj gyL Ges Mjvi ga¨eZ©x Lvwj RvqMv| G ¯’vb †_‡K ﺃﹶﻟِﻒ, ﻭ
Ges ﻯG 3wU `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣGi DrcwË nq| G †ÿ‡Î g~j eY©‡K D”PviY K‡i `xN©vqb(ﺪ†)ﻣK AšÍi †_‡K
†ei Kiv nq| G wZb `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣeY© D”Pvi‡Yi wbw`©ó ¯’vb †bB| gyL I Mjvi ga¨eZ©x Lvwj RvqvMv †_‡K
Zv Drcbœ nq| G wZb `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣD”Pvi‡Y †Kej Mjvi ¯^iZš‘ e¨eüZ nq| D”Pvi‡Yi mgq jÿ¨ ivL‡Z
n‡e hv‡Z bvK w`‡q evZvm †ei bv nq| G fzj mvaviYZt D-`xN©vqb(ﺍﻭﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻮ
`xN©vqb(ﺍﻭﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻮ
ﺪ)ﻣ
ﺪ )ﻣGi †ÿ‡Î †ewk nq| D-
D”Pvi‡Yi mgq bvK eÜ Ki‡j hw` kã ZviZg¨ nq Ges mw`© †j‡M‡Q e‡j g‡b nq
Z‡e D”Pvi‡Y ÎæwU n‡”Q g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv ms‡kvab Ki‡Z n‡e|
ﻛﹶﺒِﲑ،ﻐِﲑ ﺻ،ﻮﺟﺮ ﻳ،ﻮﻥﺒﻜﹾﺘ ﻳ،ﺎﻟِﺪ ﺧ،ﻗﹶﺎﻝﹶ
1350. gyLMnŸi
18
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q`
ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
1410. ﻛﹶﺔﺮﺣ-¯^i t ﻛﹶﺔﺮ ﺣA_© MwZ ev bovPov| Aviwe fvlvq e‡Y© ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣAv‡ivwcZ n‡q ¯^i ev
MwZ cÖ`vb K‡i| ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z nv‡Zi gywó Lyj‡Z ev eÜ Ki‡Z †h mgq jv‡M Zv ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi
D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß| G D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß mywbw`©ó Ges wbw`©ó KviY e¨ZxZ Gi e¨wZµg nq bv|
¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z nv‡Zi gywó †Lvjv ev e‡Üi mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi e¨vwß Abykxjb K‡i iß Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb| ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣe‡Y©i Dci ev wb‡P Av‡ivwcZ nq| ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣwZb cÖKvi1411. ﺔﺤﻓﹶﺘ-Avѯ^i ﹷt ﺔﺤ ﻓﹶﺘA_© †Lvjv| G ¯^i D”Pvi‡Y gyL ÔnvÕ K‡i Ly‡j hvq e‡j G bvg|
Gi cÖPwjZ bvg ÔReiÕ| e‡Y©i Dci GKwU †QvU Uvb wPý Ô َ Õ w`‡q G ¯^i‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq|
e‡Y© Av-¯^i(ﺔﺤ )ﻓﹶﺘAv‡ivwcZ n‡q n«¯^ ÔvÕ Av-Kvi aŸwb cÖ`vb K‡i| ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z nv‡Zi gywó
Lyj‡Z ev eÜ Ki‡Z †h mgq jv‡M Zv Av-¯^i(ﺔﺤ )ﻓﹶﺘGi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß|
، ﻉ، ﻅﹶ، ﻁﹶ، ﺽ، ﺹ، ﺵ، ﺱ، ﺯ، ﺭ، ﺫﹶ، ﺩ، ﺥ، ﺡ، ﺝ، ﺙﹶ، ﺕ، ﺏ، ﺃﹶ
ﻯ، ﻭ،َ ﻫ، ﻥﹶ، ﻡ، ﻝﹶ، ﻙ، ﻕ، ﻑ، ﻍﹶ
1412.
ﺔﻤﺿ-Dѯ^i ﹹt ﺔﻤﺿ
A_© †hvRb, GKwÎZ ev hy³ nIqv| G ¯^‡i `yB †VuvU Gi
Askmg~n †MvjvKvi n‡q GKwÎZ nq e‡j G bvg| Gi cÖPwjZ bvg Ô†ckÕ| e‡Y©i Dci GKwU
†QvU cu¨vP wPý Ô ُ Õ w`‡q G ¯^i‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq| e‡Y© D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿAv‡ivwcZ n‡q n«¯^ Ô yÕ DKvi aŸwb cÖ`vb K‡i| ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z nv‡Zi gywó Lyj‡Z ev eÜ Ki‡Z †h mgq jv‡M Zv D¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿGi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß|
، ﻉ، ﻅﹸ، ﻁﹸ، ﺽ، ﺹ، ﺵ، ﺱ، ﺯ، ﺭ، ﺫﹸ، ﺩ، ﺥ، ﺡ، ﺝ، ﺙﹸ، ﺕ، ﺏ، ﺃﹸ
ﻯ، ﻭ،ُ ﻫ، ﻥﹸ، ﻡ، ﻝﹸ، ﻙ، ﻕ، ﻑ، ﻍﹸ
19
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1413. ﺓﺮﻛﹶﺴ-Bѯ^i ﹻt ﺓﺮ ﻛﹶﺴA_© fv½v| wRnŸv I gyL †fswP Kv‡U e‡j G bvg| Gi cÖPwjZ
bvg Ô†RiÕ| e‡Y©i wb‡P GKwU †QvU Uvb wPý Ô ِ Õ w`‡q G ¯^i‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq| e‡Y© B¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴAv‡ivwcZ n‡q n«¯^ Ôw Õ B-Kvi aŸwb cÖ`vb K‡i| ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z nv‡Zi gywó Lyj‡Z
ev eÜ Ki‡Z †h mgq jv‡M Zv B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴGi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß|
، ِ ﻉ، ِ ﻅ، ِ ﻁ، ِ ﺽ، ِ ﺹ، ِ ﺵ، ِ ﺱ، ِ ﺯ، ِ ﺭ، ِ ﺫ، ِ ﺩ، ِ ﺥ، ِ ﺡ، ِ ﺝ، ِ ﺙ، ِ ﺕ، ِ ﺏ، ِﺇ
ِ ﻯ، ِ ﻭ،ِ ﻫ، ِ ﻥ، ِ ﻡ، ِ ﻝ، ِ ﻙ، ِ ﻕ، ِ ﻑ، ِﻍ
1420. ﻜﹸﻮﻥﺳ-bxieZv ﹿt ﻜﹸﻮﻥ ﺳnj ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi wecixZ hvi A_© MwZ ev bovPov wenxb A_ev
bxieZv| Gi cÖPwjZ bvg ÔhRgÕ| e‡Y©i Dci ÔﺤـÕ wPý Ô
ْ
Õ w`‡q bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ‡)ﺳK cÖKvk Kiv nq|
e‡Y© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳAv‡ivwcZ n‡j nmšÍ ev nm& Ô &Õ Z_v weiwZ ev bxieZv cÖ`vb K‡i| †h e‡Y©i Dci
bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳAv‡ivwcZ nq Zv‡K bxie eY©(ﺎﻛِﻦﺳ
ﻑﺮ )ﺣe‡j| e‡Y©i Dci ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi †Kvb
wPý bv _vK‡j mvaviYZt Zvi Dci bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳi‡q‡Q e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq| †Kvb k‡ã _vg‡j Z_v
weiwZ w`‡j †m k‡ãi †k‡l `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣev Av-bZ¡(ﺔﺤﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘ
ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗbv _vK‡j e‡Y©i ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣcwiewZ©Z
n‡q mvaviYZt bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳAv‡ivwcZ nq| D”PviY mnRxKi‡Yi Rb¨ bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳGi e¨vwß
mvaviYZt ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi e¨vwßi mgvb aiv nq| Z‡e cÖK…Zc‡ÿ bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳGi D”PviY ˆ`‡N©¨
wKQzUv cv_©K¨ nq, wewfbœ e‡Y©i Rb¨ Gi e¨vwßi wfbœZv i‡q‡Q (cwi‡”Q` 3120 Gi †kl Ask `ªóe¨)|
،ﻊ ﻋ، ﻇﹶﻆﹾ، ﻃﹶﻂﹾ،ﺾ ﺿ،ﺺ ﺻ،ﺶ ﺷ،ﺲ ﺳ،ﺯ ﺯ،ﺭ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺫﹾ،ﺩ ﺩ،ﺦ ﺧ،ﺢ ﺣ،ﺞ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺚﹾ،ﺖ ﺗ،ﺐ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺃﹾ
ـﻰ ﻳ،ﻭ ﻭ،ﻪ ﻫ،ﻦ ﻧ،ﻢ ﻣ، ﻟﹶﻞﹾ، ﻛﹶﻚ، ﻗﹶﻖ، ﻓﹶﻒ،ﻏﹶﻎﹾ
1430.
ﺪﭐﻟﹾـﻤ-`xN©vqb t ﺪ ﻣA_© `xN©vwqZ ev ewa©Z Kiv| wZb cÖKvi
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣh_v Av-¯^i(ﺔﺤ)ﻓﹶﺘ,
D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿGes B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴGi mv‡_ h_vµ‡g bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳhy³
ﺃﹶﻟِﻒ, ﻭGes ﻯeY© hy³ n‡q
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ†)ﺣK `xN©vwqZ K‡i| ﺃﹶﻟِﻒ, ﻭGes ﻯG wZb eY©‡K `xN©vqb eY©(ﺪ ﻣﻑﺮ )ﺣe‡j| `xN©vqb(ﺪ)ﻣ
Gi D”PviY ˆ`N©¨ ev e¨vwß mvaviYZt ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi wظY| `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣeY© ﺃﹶﻟِﻒ, ﻭGes ﻯGi Dci
bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ_ )ﺳv‡K, Z‡e mvaviYZt bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳGi wPý †`qv nq bv| `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣwZb cÖKvi-
20
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺍ-ﺪ ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒﻣ-AvÑ`xN©vqb t Av-¯^i(ﺔﺤ )ﻓﹶﺘhy³ e‡Y©i mv‡_ ﺃﹶﻟِﻒhy³ n‡j Zv Av`xN©vqb(ﺪ ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒ )ﻣnq| †Kvb e‡Y©i c‡i ﺃﹶﻟِﻒhy³ n‡j †m e‡Y©i Dci Avewk¨Kfv‡e Av¯^i(ﺔﺤ )ﻓﹶﺘAv‡ivwcZ nq|
، ﻏﹶﺎ،ﺎ ﻋ، ﻇﹶﺎ، ﻃﹶﺎ،ﺎ ﺿ،ﺎ ﺻ،ﺎ ﺷ،ﺎ ﺳ،ﺍ ﺯ، ﺍ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺍ، ﺍ ﺩ، ﺎ ﺧ، ﺎ ﺣ، ﺎ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺎ، ﺎ ﺗ، ﺎ ﺑ،ﺀَﺍ
ﺎ ﻳ،ﺍ ﻭ،ﺎ ﻫ،ﺎ ﻧ،ﺎ ﻣ،+ ﻻ، ﻛﹶﺎ، ﻗﹶﺎ،ﻓﹶﺎ
1431.
ﻭ-ﺍﻭﺪ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻮﻣ-DÑ`xN©vqb t D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿhy³ e‡Y©i mv‡_ bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻭﺍﻭ ﺳ )ﻭeY© hy³
n‡j Zv D-`xN©vqb(ﺍﻭﺪ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻮ )ﻣnq| c~e©eZ©x e‡Y© D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿbv _vK‡j A_ev ﺍﻭ ﻭe‡Y©
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ_ )ﺣvK‡j Z‡e Zv `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣbv n‡q ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi D”PviY nq- ﻑﻮﺧ, ﺭﻮ|ﺳ
، ﻏﹸﻮ،ﻮ ﻋ، ﻇﹸﻮ، ﻃﹸﻮ،ﻮ ﺿ،ﻮ ﺻ،ﻮ ﺷ،ﻮ ﺳ،ﻭ ﺯ،ﻭ ﺭ، ﺫﹸﻭ،ﻭ ﺩ،ﻮ ﺧ،ﻮ ﺣ،ﻮ ﺟ، ﺛﹸﻮ،ﻮ ﺗ،ﻮ ﺑ،ﺃﹸﻭ
ﻮ ﻳ،ﻭ ﻭ،ﻮ ﻫ،ﻮ ﻧ،ﻮ ﻣ، ﻟﹸﻮ، ﻛﹸﻮ، ﻗﹸﻮ،ﻓﹸﻮ
1432.
1433. ﻯ-ﺎﺀﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻴ
ﺪﻣ-BÑ`xN©vqb t B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴhy³ e‡Y©i mv‡_ bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻯﺎﺀ ﺳ )ﻳeY© hy³
n‡j Zv B-`xN©vqb(ﺎﺀﺪ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻴ )ﻣnq| c~e©eZ©x e‡Y© B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴbv _vK‡j A_ev ﺎﺀ ﻳe‡Y©
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ_ )ﺣvK‡j Z‡e Zv `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣbv n‡q ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi D”PviY nq- ﺖﻴﺑ, ِﺪ|ﺑِﻴ
، ﻃِﻰ، ﺿِﻰ، ﺻِﻰ، ﺷِﻰ، ﺳِﻰ، ﺯِﻯ، ﺭِﻯ، ﺫِﻯ، ﺩِﻯ، ﺧِﻰ، ﺣِﻰ، ﺟِﻰ، ﺛِﻰ، ﺗِﻰ، ﺑِﻰ،ﺇِﻯ
ﻳِـﻰ، ﻭِﻯ، ﻫِﻰ، ﻧِﻰ، ﻣِﻰ، ﻟِﻰ، ﻛِﻰ، ﻗِﻰ، ﻓِﻰ، ﻏِﻰ، ﻋِﻰ،ﻇِﻰ
1440.
ﻮِﻳﻦﻨﭐﻟﺘ-bÑZ¡
t ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ ﺗA_© ÔﻥÕ ev Ôb&Õ hy³ Kiv| b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗe‡Y© Av‡ivwcZ n‡q e‡Y©i
¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi c‡i AwZwi³ GKwU bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻥ )ﻥ ﺳev Ôb&Õ hy³ K‡i| `yÕwU ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi wPý h_v- ً
,
ٌ
I ٍ wPý Øviv b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ† )ﺗevSv‡bv nq| †Kvb e‡Y© b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ_ )ﺗvK‡j Zv `yÕwU eY© wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ
nq h_v- cÖ_‡g ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣhy³ eY©wU Zvici GKwU bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻥ† |)ﻥ ﺳhgbZ¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗi‡q‡Q| Gi D”PviY n‡”Q ﻦ |ﺑb-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗwZb cÖKvi-
21
ﺏ
G e‡Y©i Dci b-
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨﺗ-AvÑb-Z¡ ﹱt GwU e‡Y© Av-¯^i(ﺔﺤ )ﻓﹶﺘGi c‡i bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻥ )ﻥ ﺳZ_v
e‡Y© ÔvbÕ aŸwb Av‡ivc K‡i| †Kvb e‡Y© AvÑb-Z¡(ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨ )ﺗAv‡ivwcZ n‡j e‡Y©i mv‡_
GKwU AwZwi³ ﺃﹶﻟِﻒeY© hy³ Kiv nq(Pvjbv-ﺓﺰﻤ ﻫGi †ÿ‡Î e¨wZµg i‡q‡Q- KL‡bv ﺃﹶﻟِﻒhy³
Kiv nq †hgb- ﺌﹰﺎﻴﺷ, Avevi KL‡bv ﺃﹶﻟِﻒhy³ Kiv nq bv †hgb- ًﺎﺀﻤ ﺳcwi‡”Q` 1461 `ªóe¨)|
kã weiwZi g‡a¨ co‡j AvÑb-Z¡(ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨ )ﺗiƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q hvq Ges Zv Av-`xN©vqb( ﺪﻣ
)ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒwn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ nq (cwi‡”Q` 2123, 3210 I 4550 `ªóe¨)|
، ﻗﹰﺎ، ﻓﹰﺎ، ﻏﹰﺎ،ﺎ ﻋ، ﻇﹰﺎ، ﻃﹰﺎ،ﺎ ﺿ،ﺎ ﺻ،ﺎ ﺷ،ﺎ ﺳ،ﺍ ﺯ،ﺍ ﺭ، ﺫﹰﺍ،ﺍ ﺩ،ﺎ ﺧ،ﺎ ﺣ،ﺎ ﺟ، ﺛﹰﺎ،ﺎ ﺗ،ﺎ ﺑ،ﺀًﺍ
ﺎ ﻳ،ﺍ ﻭ،ﺎ ﻫ،ﺎ ﻧ،ﺎ ﻣ، ﻻﹰ،ﻛﹰﺎ
1441.
ﺔﻤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﻀﻨﺗ-DÑb-Z¡ ٌ ــt e‡Y© D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿGi c‡i bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻥ )ﻥ ﺳZ_v Ô-y b&Õ
aŸwb Av‡ivc K‡i| kã weiwZ‡Z co‡j DÑb-Z¡(ﺔﻤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﻀﻨ )ﺗGi wejywß N‡U Ges e‡Y©
bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳAv‡ivwcZ nq (cwi‡”Q` 3210 Ges 4540 `ªóe¨)|
1442.
، ﻙ، ﻕ، ﻑ، ﻍﹲ، ﻉ، ﻅﹲ، ﻁﹲ، ﺽ، ﺹ، ﺵ، ﺱ، ﺯ، ﺭ، ﺫﹲ، ﺩ، ﺥ، ﺡ، ﺝ، ﺙﹲ، ﺕ، ﺏ،ٌﺀ
ﻯ، ﻭ،ٌ ﻫ، ﻥﹲ، ﻡ،ﻝﹲ
ﺓﺮﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻜﹶﺴﻨﺗ-BÑb-Z¡ ٍ ــt e‡Y© B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴGi c‡i bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻥ )ﻥ ﺳZ_v Ôw ـb&Õ
aŸwb Av‡ivc K‡i| kã weiwZ‡Z co‡j BÑb-Z¡(ﺓﺮﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻜﹶﺴﻨ )ﺗGi wejywß N‡U Ges e‡Y©
bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳAv‡ivwcZ nq (cwi‡”Q` 3210 Ges 4540 `ªóe¨)|
1443.
،ٍ ﻙ،ٍ ﻕ،ٍ ﻑ،ٍ ﻍ،ٍ ﻉ،ٍ ﻅ،ٍ ﻁ،ٍ ﺽ،ٍ ﺹ،ٍ ﺵ،ٍ ﺱ،ٍ ﺯ،ٍ ﺭ،ٍ ﺫ،ٍ ﺩ،ٍ ﺥ،ٍ ﺡ،ٍ ﺝ،ٍ ﺙ،ٍ ﺕ،ٍ ﺏ،ٍﺀ
ٍ ﻯ،ٍ ﻭ،ٍ ﻫـ،ٍ ﻥ،ٍ ﻡ،ٍﻝ
22
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1450. ﺓﺪﭐﻟﺸ-wØiæw³ ﹽt ﺓﺪ ﺷA_© †Rvi ev Uvb †`qv| e‡Y© wØiæw³(ﺓﺪ )ﺷAv‡ivwcZ n‡j D”Pvi‡Yi
wØiæw³ nq| G‡ÿ‡Î e‡Y© AwZwi³ bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳev nmšÍ Av‡ivc K‡i eY©wU‡K cybt D”PviY Kiv nq|
e‡Y©i Dci ÔﺳÕ h_v Ôّ Õ wPý w`‡q wØiæw³(ﺓﺪ†)ﺷK cÖKvk Kiv nq| kã weiwZ‡Z wØiæw³(ﺓﺪ )ﺷco‡j Zv
Abyf‚Z nq(cwi‡”Q` 3210 `ªóe¨)| e‡Y© wØiæw³(ﺓﺪ_ )ﺷvK‡j Zv `yÕwU eY© wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ nq h_vcÖ_‡g bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳhy³ eY© Zvici ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣhy³ eY©| †hgb-
ﺪ ﻣk‡ãi ÔﺩÕ e‡Y©i Dci
wØiæw³(ﺓﺪ )ﺷi‡q‡Q| Gi D”PviY n‡”Q ﺩ |ﻣﺪwØiæw³(ﺓﺪ )ﺷAb¨ †Kvb ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣmn‡hv‡M Av‡ivwcZ
nq| Gi cÖKvi‡f` n‡”Q1451. ﺔﺤﺓ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﺪﺷ-AvÑwØiæw³ ﳲt e‡Y© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳw`‡q Av-¯^i(ﺔﺤ )ﻓﹶﺘAv‡ivc K‡i|
، ﻃﹶﻂﱠ،ﺾ ﺿ،ﺺ ﺻ،ﺶ ﺷ،ﺲ ﺳ،ﺯ ﺯ،ﺭ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺫﱠ،ﺩ ﺩ،ﺦ ﺧ،ﺢ ﺣ،ﺞ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺚﱠ،ﺖ ﺗ،ﺐ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺃﱠ
ـﻰ ﻳ،ﻭ ﻭ،ﻪ ﻫ،ﻦ ﻧ،ﻢ ﻣ، ﻟﹶﻞﱠ، ﻛﹶﻚ، ﻗﹶﻖ، ﻓﹶﻒ، ﻏﹶﻎﱠ،ﻊ ﻋ،ﻇﹶﻆﱠ
1452. ﺔﻤﺓ ﺑِﭑﻟﻀﺪﺷ-DÑwØiæw³ ﳳt e‡Y© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳw`‡q D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ )ﺿAv‡ivc K‡i|
، ﻃﹸﻂﱡ،ﺾ ﺿ،ﺺ ﺻ،ﺶ ﺷ،ﺲ ﺳ،ﺯ ﺯ،ﺭ ﺭ، ﺫﹸﺫﱡ،ﺩ ﺩ،ﺦ ﺧ،ﺢ ﺣ،ﺞ ﺟ، ﺛﹸﺚﱡ،ﺖ ﺗ،ﺐ ﺑ،ﺃﹸﺃﱡ
ـﻰ ﻳ،ﻭ ﻭ،ﻪ ﻫ،ﻦ ﻧ،ﻢ ﻣ، ﻟﹸﻞﱡ، ﻛﹸﻚ، ﻗﹸﻖ، ﻓﹸﻒ، ﻏﹸﻎﱡ،ﻊ ﻋ،ﻇﹸﻆﱡ
1453. ﺓﺮﺓ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻜﹶﺴﺪﺷ-BÑwØiæw³ ـِّـt e‡Y© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳw`‡q B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴAv‡ivc K‡i|
،ِّ ﻃِﻂ،ِّ ﺿِﺾ،ِّ ﺻِﺺ،ِّ ﺷِﺶ،ِّ ﺳِﺲ،ِّ ﺯِﺯ،ِّ ﺭِﺭ،ِّ ﺫِﺫ،ِّ ﺩِﺩ،ِّ ﺧِﺦ،ِّ ﺣِﺢ،ِّ ﺟِﺞ،ِّ ﺛِﺚ،ِّ ﺗِﺖ،ِّ ﺑِﺐ،ِّﺃِﺃ
ِّ ﻳِـﻰ،ِّ ﻭِﻭ،ِّ ﻫِﻪ،ِّ ﻧِﻦ،ِّ ﻣِﻢ،ِّ ﻟِﻞ،ِّ ﻛِﻚ،ِّ ﻗِﻖ،ِّ ﻓِﻒ،ِّ ﻏِﻎ،ِّ ﻋِﻊ،ِّﻇِﻆ
1454. ﺓﺪﺑِﭑﻟﺸ
ﺪﻣ-`xN©vqb wØiæw³ t e‡Y© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ)ﺳ
w`‡q `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣAv‡ivc K‡i|
، ﻃﹶﻄﱠﺎ،ﺎﻀ ﺿ،ﺎﺼ ﺻ،ﺎﺸ ﺷ،ﺎﺴ ﺳ،ﺍﺯ ﺯ،ﺍﺭ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺫﱠﺍ،ﺍﺩ ﺩ،ﺎﺨ ﺧ،ﺎﺤ ﺣ،ﺎﺠ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺜﱠﺎ،ﺎﺘ ﺗ،ﺎﺒ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺀﱠﺍ
ﺎـﻴ ﻳ،ﺍﻭ ﻭ،ﺎﻬ ﻫ،ﺎﻨ ﻧ،ﺎﻤ ﻣ،< ﻟﹶﻼ، ﻛﹶﻜﱠﺎ، ﻗﹶﻘﱠﺎ، ﻓﹶﻔﱠﺎ،ﺎ ﻏﹶﻐ،ﺎﻌ ﻋ،ﻇﹶﻈﱠﺎ
،ﻮﺼ ﺻ،ﻮﺸ ﺷ،ﻮﺴ ﺳ،ﻭﺯ ﺯ،ﻭﺭ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺫﱡﻭ،ﻭﺩ ﺩ،ﻮﺨ ﺧ،ﻮﺤ ﺣ،ﻮﺠ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺜﱡﻮ،ﻮﺘ ﺗ،ﻮﺒ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺀﱡﻭ
ﻮـﻴ ﻳ،ﻭﻭ ﻭ،ﻮﻬ ﻫ،ﻮﻨ ﻧ،ﻮﻤ ﻣ، ﻟﹶَﻠﱡﻮ، ﻛﹶﻜﱡﻮ، ﻗﹶﻘﱡﻮ، ﻓﹶﻔﱡﻮ،ﻮ ﻏﹶﻐ،ﻮﻌ ﻋ، ﻇﹶﻈﱡﻮ، ﻃﹶﻄﱡﻮ،ﻮﻀﺿ
،ﺼِّﻰ ﺻ،ﺸِّﻰ ﺷ،ﺴِّﻰ ﺳ،ﺯِّﻯ ﺯ،ﺭِّﻯ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺫِّﻯ،ﺩِّﻯ ﺩ،ﺨِّﻰ ﺧ،ﺤِّﻰ ﺣ،ﺠِّﻰ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺜِّﻰ،ﺘِّﻰ ﺗ،ﺒِّﻰ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺀِّﻯ
ـﻴِّـﻰ ﻳ،ﻭِّﻯ ﻭ،ﻬِّﻰ ﻫ،ﻨِّﻰ ﻧ،ﻤِّﻰ ﻣ، ﻟﹶﻠِّﻰ، ﻛﹶﻜِّﻰ، ﻗﹶﻘِّﻰ، ﻓﹶﻔِّﻰ، ﻏﹶﻐِّﻰ،ﻌِّﻰ ﻋ، ﻇﹶﻈِّﻰ، ﻃﹶﻄِّﻰ،ﻀِّﻰﺿ
23
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1455.
ﺓﺪﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﺸﻨﺗ-bÑZ¡ wØiæw³ t e‡Y© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ)ﺳ
w`‡q b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗAv‡ivc K‡i|
،ﺎ ﻃﹶﻄ،ﺎﻀ ﺿ،ﺎﺼ ﺻ،ﺎﺸ ﺷ،ﺎﺴ ﺳ،ﺍﺯ ﺯ،ﺍﺭ ﺭ،ﺍ ﺫﹶﺫ،ﺍﺩ ﺩ،ﺎﺨ ﺧ،ﺎﺤ ﺣ،ﺎﺠ ﺟ،ﺎ ﺛﹶﺜ،ﺎﺘ ﺗ،ﺎﺒ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺀ
ﺎـﻴ ﻳ،ﺍﻭ ﻭ،ﺎﻬ ﻫ،ﺎﻨ ﻧ،ﺎﻤ ﻣ، ﻟﹶﻼ،ﺎ ﻛﹶﻜ،ﺎ ﻗﹶﻘ،ﺎ ﻓﹶﻔ،ﺎ ﻏﹶﻐ،ﺎﻌ ﻋ،ﺎﻇﹶﻈ
، ﻃﹶﻂﱞ،ﺾ ﺿ،ﺺ ﺻ،ﺶ ﺷ،ﺲ ﺳ،ﺯ ﺯ،ﺭ ﺭ، ﺫﹶﺫﱞ،ﺩ ﺩ،ﺦ ﺧ،ﺢ ﺣ،ﺞ ﺟ، ﺛﹶﺚﱞ،ﺖ ﺗ،ﺐ ﺑ،ﺃﹶﺀﱞ
ـﻰ ﻳ،ﻭ ﻭ،ﻪ ﻫ،ﻦ ﻧ،ﻢ ﻣ، ﻟﹶﻞﱞ، ﻛﹶﻚ، ﻗﹶﻖ، ﻓﹶﻒ، ﻏﹶﻎﱞ،ﻊ ﻋ،ﻇﹶﻆﱞ
،ٍّ ﻃﹶﻂ،ٍّﺾ ﺿ،ٍّﺺ ﺻ،ٍّﺶ ﺷ،ٍّﺲ ﺳ،ٍّﺯ ﺯ،ٍّﺭ ﺭ،ٍّ ﺫﹶﺫ،ٍّﺩ ﺩ،ٍّﺦ ﺧ،ٍّﺢ ﺣ،ٍّﺞ ﺟ،ٍّ ﺛﹶﺚ،ٍّﺖ ﺗ،ٍّﺐ ﺑ،ٍّﺃﹶﺀ
ٍّـﻰ ﻳ،ٍّﻭ ﻭ،ٍّﻪ ﻫ،ٍّﻦ ﻧ،ٍّﻢ ﻣ،ٍّ ﻟﹶﻞ،ٍّ ﻛﹶﻚ،ٍّ ﻗﹶﻖ،ٍّ ﻓﹶﻒ،ٍّ ﻏﹶﻎ،ٍّﻊ ﻋ،ٍّﻇﹶﻆ
1460.
ﺓﺰﻤﭐﻟﹾـﻬ-Pvjbv
t ﺃﹶﻟِﻒeY©wU ¯^vaxbfv‡e _v‡K bv| Zv `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣeY© wn‡m‡e A_ev
Pvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ )ﻫGi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K| ﺓﺰﻤ ﻫA_© Pvjbv ev Zvobv| G Ae¨qwU ﺃﹶﻟِﻒeY©‡K cwiPvjbv K‡i e‡j
m¤¢eZt G bvg| Pvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ† )ﻫKvb eY© bq, GwU we‡kl ai‡bi Ae¨q ev ÔdjvÕ hv GKK,
ﺃﹶﻟِﻒ، ﻭev ﻯ
e‡Y©i mv‡_ mshy³ nq| GwU `yÕ cÖKvi1461. ﻗﹶﻄﹾﻊ
ﺓﹸﺰﻤﻫ-†Q` Pvjbv t ﻗﹶﻄﹾﻊA_© wQbœ, †Q`, KvUv| ¯úó I c„_Kfv‡e D”PviY Ki‡Z nq
Ges `yÕwU k‡ãi ga¨eZ©x D”Pvi‡Y †Q` NUvq e‡j G bvg| ÔﺀÕ wPý wn‡m‡e G Pvjbv(ﺓﺰﻤ†)ﻫK
cÖKvk Kiv nq hv GKK A_ev ﺃﹶﻟِﻒev ﻭev ﻯe‡Y©i mv‡_ hy³ nq ﺀ, ﺃ, ﺇ, ﺅ, ـﺆ, ﺋـ, ـﺌـI ﺉ
wPý wn‡m‡e Ges ÔAvÕ, ÔDÕ, ÔBÕ ev nmšÍ hy³ ÔAvÕ aŸwb ˆZwi K‡i| †Q` Pvjbv(ﺓﹸ ﻗﹶﻄﹾﻊﺰﻤ )ﻫGi
Dci †h ‡Kvb ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣev bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳAv‡ivc Kiv hvq| †Q` Pvjbv(ﺓﹸ ﻗﹶﻄﹾﻊﺰﻤ )ﻫGi
Dci Av-bZ¡(ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨ )ﺗAv‡ivc Kiv n‡j Z‡e Zv‡Z AwZwi³ ﺃﹶﻟِﻒeY© KL‡bv hy³ Kiv nq
Avevi KL‡bv hy³ Kiv nq bv| †Q` Pvjbv(ﺓﹸ ﻗﹶﻄﹾﻊﺰﻤ )ﻫGi c~‡e© Av-`xN©vqb(ﺪ ﺑِﭑﻷَ=ﻟِﻒ_ )ﻣvK‡j
Z‡e Av-bZ¡(ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨ )ﺗAv‡ivwcZ n‡j AwZwi³ ﺃﹶﻟِﻒeY© hy³ Kiv nq bv †hgb- ًﺎﺀﻋِﺸ
Avevi c~‡e© Ab¨ †Kvb eY© _vK‡j Z‡e Av-bZ¡(ﺔﺤﻮِﻳﻦ ﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻔﹶﺘﻨ )ﺗAv‡ivwcZ n‡j AwZwi³ ﺃﹶﻟِﻒeY©
hy³ Kiv nq †hgb- ﺌﹰﺎﻴ|ﺷ
ﺀًﺍ ﺭِﺩ،ًﺎﺀﻤ ﺳ، ﺟِﺊﹶ،ﺋِﻴﺲ ﺭ،ﺎﻳﺅ ﺭ،ﺏﺄﹾﺭ ﻣ،ﺎﻥ ﺇِﻳـﻤ،ﻭﺩﺪ ﺃﹸﺧ،ﺮﺃﹶﻣ
24
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤﻫ-ms‡hvM Pvjbv t ﻞﺻ ﻭA_© ms‡hvM| ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ† )ﻫKej
ﺻ
k‡ãi cÖ_‡gB _v‡K| ﺃﹶﻟِﻒGi Dci Ô Õ wPý ewm‡q h_v-Ô ﭐÕ ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ)ﻫ
cÖKvk Kiv nq| `yÕwU k‡ãi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫem‡j kã `yÕwUi D”PviY ms‡hvM
nq e‡j G bvg| Aviwe fvlvq bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳw`‡q †Kvb kã ïiæ nq bv| k‡ãi cÖ_‡g bxie
eY©(ﺎﻛِﻦﻑ ﺳﺮ_ )ﺣvK‡j D”PviY myweavi Rb¨ Zvi c~‡e© ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫemv‡bv
nq| ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫGi Dci mivmwi †Kvb ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣev bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ)ﺳ
Av‡ivc Kiv hvq bv| Z‡e c~e© k‡ãi mv‡_ mshy³ bv n‡q ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫGKKfv‡e
D”PvwiZ n‡j Z‡e Ae¯’v †f‡` Zv ÔAvÕ, ÔDÕ ev ÔBÕ aŸwb ˆZwi K‡i| ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ)ﻫ
Ab¨ Ae¨q(ﻑﺮ )ﺣGi mv‡_ em‡j Zv ÔAvÕ aŸwb wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ nq- |ﭐﻟﱠﺘـِﻰwµqvi mv‡_
em‡j g~jwµqvi Z„Zxq e‡Y© D-¯^i(ﺔﻤ_ )ﺿvK‡j Zv ÔDÕ aŸwb wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ nq- |ﭐﺫﹾﻛﹸﺮ
Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î Zv mvaviYZt ÔBÕ aŸwb wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ nq- ﻢﭐﺳ, ﺃﹾﭐﻗﹾﺮ, ﻮ@ﺍ( ﭐﻗﹾﻀg~j wµqv ِ|)ﭐﻗﹾﺾ
ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫc~e© kã ms‡hv‡M D”PvwiZ n‡j Zv Aby”PvwiZ _v‡K Ges ms‡hvM
Ae¨q wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| G †ÿ‡Î `yÕwU k‡ãi g‡a¨ D”PviY ms‡hvM N‡U- ﻢﺒِّﺢ ﭐﺳ |ﺳkã
ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫGi c~‡e© `xN©vqb(ﺪ_ )ﻣvK‡j ms‡hvM Pvjbv( ﺓﹸﺰﻤﻫ
ﻞﺻ )ﻭGes `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣDfqB Aby”PvwiZ n‡q hvq Ges `yÕwU k‡ãi g‡a¨ D”PviY ms‡hvM N‡Uﺬﹶﺨﺎ ﭐﺗ |ﻣms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ )ﻫGi c~‡e© b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ_ )ﺗvK‡j b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗGi ﻥGi
Dci B-¯^i(ﺓﺮ )ﻛﹶﺴAv‡ivwcZ nq I D”PviY ms‡hvM N‡U- ﻪﻤﻼﻡٍ ﭐﺳ
+ |ﺑِﻐms‡hvM Pvjbv( ﺓﹸﺰﻤﻫ
ﻞﺻ )ﻭGi c~‡e© bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳhy³ †Kvb eY© _v‡K bv| bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳhy³ eY© _vK‡j, nq
e‡Y©i D”Pvi‡Yi wejywß N‡U †hgb- `xN©vqb(ﺪ )ﻣGi †ÿ‡Î A_ev e‡Y© ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣAv‡ivwcZ nq
†hgb- b-Z¡(ﻮِﻳﻦﻨ )ﺗGi †ÿ‡Î (cwi‡”Q` 3472 `ªóe¨)|
1462.
ﺎﻤﻄﹾﻌﺘﺔٍ ﭐﺳﻳ ﻗﹶﺮ،ﻖﺴ ﺇِﺫﹶﺍ ﭐﺗ،ﺘِﻘﹶﺎﻡﺫﹸﻭ ﭐﻧ-ﺘِﻘﹶﺎﻡ ﭐﻧ،ﺐ ﭐﻛﹾﺘﻭ-ﺐ ﭐﻛﹾﺘ، ﭐﻟﱠﺬِﻯﻮ ﻫ،ﭐﻟﱠﺬِﻯ
1470.
ﭐﻝ-wbw`©óZv Ae¨qt GwU we‡kl ai‡bi Ae¨q hv k‡ãi c~‡e© k‡ãi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡q wbw`©óZv
Ae¨q ÔDefinite ArticleÕ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| Gi cÖ_g eY© ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﻭ
bxie-ﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻝ )ﻝ ﺳeY©| ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﻭ
ﺓﹸﺰﻤ)ﻫwU ﻝ
ﺓﹸﺰﻤﻫ-)ﭐ,
wØZxqwU
Ae¨q(ﻑﺮ)ﺣGi mv‡_ mshy³ nIqvq Zv ÔAvÕ
wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ nq| wbw`©óZv Ae¨q( )ﭐﻝc~e© k‡ãi mv‡_ D”PvwiZ n‡j D”PviY ms‡hvM N‡U|
wbw`©óZv(` )ﭐﻝyÕ cÖKvi25
1400. PZz_© cwi‡”Q` t ﻛﹶﺎﺕﺮﭐﻟﹾـﺤ-¯^i wPý
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
ﺔﺮِﻳﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻤ-Pv›`ª wbw`©óZv t G cÖKv‡ii wbw`©óZv( )ﭐﻝc„_K I ¯úófv‡e D”PvwiZ nq|
Pv›`ª wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺮِﻳ )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻤGi ﻝe‡Y©i Dci bxieZv(ﻜﹸﻮﻥ )ﺳwPý _v‡K, d‡j ﻝeY©wU
¯úófv‡e D”PvwiZ nq| c~e© k‡ãi mv‡_ D”PviY ms‡hvM NU‡j wbw`©óZv( )ﭐﻝGi ms‡hvM
Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﺓﹸ ﻭﺰﻤ)ﻫwU ms‡hvMKvix Ae¨q wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Aby”PvwiZ _v‡K Ges †Kej bxieﺎﻛِﻦ(ﻝ )ﻝ ﺳD”PvwiZ nq| 14wU e‡Y©i †ÿ‡Î Pv›`ª wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺮِﻳ )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻤAv‡ivwcZ nq h_vﺃ, ﺏ, ﺝ, ﺡ, ﺥ, ﻉ, ﻍ, ﻑ, ﻕ, ﻙ, ﻡ, ﻫ, ﻭI |ﻯG eY© ¸‡jv‡K Pv›`ª eY©(ﺔﺮِﻳ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻤﻭﻑﺮ)ﭐﻟﹾﺤ
e‡j| P›`ª(eY©) Gi mv‡_ Zviv(ﺔﺮِﻳ`† )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﹾﻘﹶﻤLv hvq e‡j G bvg|
ﻘﹶﺮﺘﺴﺌِﺬٍ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﻣﻮ ﻳ،ﺎﺀﻓِﻰ ﭐﻟﹾﻤ-ﺎﺀ ﭐﻟﹾﻤ،ﺎﺏﺑِﭑﻟﹾﻜِﺘ-ﺎﺏ ﭐﻟﹾﻜِﺘ،ﻦﻴ ﭐﻟﹾْﻌ،ﻮﺕ ﭐﻟﹾﺤ،ﺖﻴ ﭐﻟﹾﺒ،ﺽﭐﻷَ=ﺭ
1471.
1472.
ﺔﺴِﻴﻤﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﺸ-†mŠi
wbw`©óZv t G cÖKv‡ii wbw`©óZv( )ﭐﻝGi †ÿ‡Î
ﻝ
eY©wU Dn¨ Z_v
Aby”PvwiZ _v‡K Ges ms‡hvM Pvjbv(ﻞﺻﻭ
ﺓﹸﺰﻤ )ﻫGes k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i g‡a¨ D”PviY ms‡hvM
N‡U| Aviwe fvlvq G‡K mwÜ(ﻏﹶﺎﻡ )ﭐﺩe‡j (cwi‡”Q` 2230 `ªóe¨)| †mŠi wbw`©óZv( ﭐﻝ
ﺔﺴِﻴﻤ†)ﭐﻟﺸK wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ ﻝe‡Y©i Dci ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣGi †Kvb wPý _v‡K bv Ges k‡ãi 1g
e‡Y© wØiæw³(ﺓﺪ_ )ﺷv‡K| c~e© k‡ãi mv‡_ D”PvwiZ n‡j †mŠi wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤ )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﺸAby”PvwiZ
I Dn¨ †_‡K ms‡hvMKvix Ae¨q wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Ges kã ms‡hvM N‡U| G iKg kã ms‡hv‡Mi
†ÿ‡Î †mŠi wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤﭐﻟﺸ
)ﭐﻝ
Gi D”PviY wejywß N‡U Ges c~e©eZ©x k‡ãi †kl eY© Ges
†mŠi wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤﭐﻟﺸ
)ﭐﻝGi ci k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i g‡a¨ D”PviY ms‡hvM nq| ﻝe‡Y© KL‡bv
we‡klfv‡e †mŠi wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤ )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﺸAv‡ivwcZ nq- ﻞﻟﹶﻴ+ﻞ → ﭐﻝﻞ → ﭐﻟﻠﱠﻴ |ﭐﻟﱠﻴ14wU eY©
k‡ãi cÖ_g eY© n‡j Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î †mŠi wbw`©óZv(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤ )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﺸAv‡ivwcZ nq h_v- ﺕ, ﺙ, ﺩ,
ﺫ, ﺭ, ﺯ, ﺱ, ﺵ, ﺹ, ﺽ, ﻁ, ﻅ, ﻝI |ﻥG ¸‡jv‡K †mŠi eY©(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤ ﭐﻟﺸﻭﻑﺮ )ﭐﻟﹾﺤe‡j|
m~h©(eY©) Gi mv‡_ Zviv(ﺔﺴِﻴﻤ`† )ﭐﻝ ﭐﻟﺸLv hvq bv e‡j G bvg|
ﻠﹶﻢﺌِﺬٍ ﭐﻟﺴﻣﻮ ﻳ،ﺎﺀﻤﺇِﺫﹶﺍ ﭐﻟﺴ-ﺎﺀﻤ ﭐﻟﺴ،ﺎﺭ ﭐﻟﻨﻣِﻦ-ﺎﺭ ﭐﻟﻨ،ﺮﺠ ﭐﻟﺸ،ﺮﻫ ﭐﻟﺪ، ﭐﻟﻄﱠﺎﺭِﻕ،ﭐﻟﺘِّﲔ
1480.
ﻮﻃﹶﺔﺑﺮﺎﺀ ﭐﻟﹾﻤﭐﻟﺘ-e×ÑZ t e× ev †Mvj |ﺕGi wPý n‡”Q ﺓev |ﺔGwU we‡kl ai‡bi ÔﺕÕ hv
†Kej k‡ãi †k‡l _v‡K| ¯^i(ﻛﹶﺔﺮ )ﺣmn D”PvwiZ n‡j Zv mvaviY ÔﺕÕ Gi gZ D”PvwiZ nq| wKš‘ k‡ã
weiwZ w`‡j e×-Z(ﻮﻃﹶﺔﺑﺮﻣ
ﺎﺀ)ﺗwU Ôﻫ-nÕ wn‡m‡e D”PvwiZ nq(cwi‡”Q` 3210 Ges 4550 `ªóe¨)|
ﻠﹶﺔﻤ ﺟ،ﺔﻳ ﻗﹶﺮ، ﺓ+ﻼﺻ: ﻠﹶﺔﹲﻤ ﺟ،ٍﺔﻳ ﻓِﻰ ﻗﹶﺮ،ٌﻼﹶﺓﺻ
26
1500. cÂg cwi‡”Q` t mvims‡ÿc-ﺔﺻ+ﻼﺧ
e`vb¨ †KviAvb cvV wkÿv mnvwqKv
1500. cÂg cwi‡”Q`
mvims‡ÿc-ﺔﺻ+ﻼﺧ
1. Aviwe fvlvq D”PvwiZ eY©(ﻑﺮ )ﺣ28wU-ﺃ,
ﺏ, ﺕ, ﺙ, ﺝ, ﺡ, ﺥ, ﺩ, ﺫ, ﺭ, ﺯ, ﺱ, ﺵ, ﺹ, ﺽ,
ﻁ, ﻅ, ﻉ, ﻍ, ﻑ, ﻕ, ﻙ, ﻝ, ﻡ, ﻥ, ﻫ, ﻭGes ` |ﻯxN©vqb eY©(ﺪ ﻣﻑﺮ )ﺣwZbwU ﺍ, ﻭGes |ﻯ
2. Aviwe e‡Y©i Drcw˯’j 4wU- †VuvU, wRnŸv, Mjv Ges AšÍi| 1. †VuvU-4wU eY© t wbP †Vuv‡Ui wfZi I Dci
ﻑ, Dfq †VuvU †_‡K ﻭ, ﻡI |ﺏ2
...
Historical archive . public document
